高考英语阅读理解考前冲刺训练2Word文档下载推荐.docx
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Theresearcherorganizedanexperimentaltournament(锦标赛)involvingfouryouthteams.Eachmatchlastedanhour,dividedintothreeperiodsof20minutesduringwhichdifferentrefereeswereincharge.
Observersnoteddownthereferees’mistakes,ofwhichtherewere61overthetournament.Changedintoastandardmatchof90minutes,eachrefereemadealmost23mistakes,aremarkablyhighnumber.
Theresearcherthenstudiedthevideotapestoanalyzethematchesindetail.Surprisingly,hefoundthatmistakesweremorelikelywhentherefereeswereclosetotheincident.Whentheofficialsgotitright,theywere,onaverage,17metersawayfromtheaction.Theaveragedistanceinthecaseofmistakeswas12meters.Theresearchshowstheoptimum(最佳的)distanceisabout29meters.
Therealsoseemedtobeanoptimumspeed.Correctdecisionscamewhentherefereesweremovingataspeedofabout2meterspersecond.Theaveragespeedformistakeswas4meterspersecond.
IfFIFA,football’sinternationalrulingbody,wantstoimprovethestandardofrefereeingatthenextWorldCup,itshouldencouragerefereestokeeptheireyesontheactionfromadistance,ratherthanrushingtokeepupwiththeball,theresearcherargues.
HealsosaysthatFIFA’sinsistencethatrefereesshouldretireattheageof45maybemisguided.Ifkeepingupwiththeactionsisnotsoimportant,theirphysicalconditionislessimportant.
1.Theexperimentwasmeantto_____.
A.reviewtherefereeingdecisionsatthe1998WorldCup
B.findthecausesofmistakesmadebyfootballreferees
C.relievethedisappointedfans’anger
D.helptheplayerstowintheWorldCup
2.Thenumberofrefereeingmistakesintheexperimentalmatcheswas_____.
A.aboveaverageB.belowaverage
C.quiteunexpectedD.quitenormal
3.Thefindingsoftheexperimentshowthat_____.
A.mistakesarelesslikelywhenarefereestaysinoneplace
B.thefarthertherefereeisfromtheincident,thefewerthemistakes
C.themoreslowlytherefereeruns,themorelikelymistakeswilloccur
D.mistakesaremorelikelywhenarefereekeepsclosetotheball
4.ItissuggestedinthetextthatFIFAshould_____.
A.punishtherefereeswhomadeseriousmistakes
B.reviseitsrulesforbeingfootballreferees
C.usemorerefereesinafootballmatch
D.changethewinnerofthe1998WorldCup
(十三)
TheAtlanticOceanisoneoftheoceansthatseparatetheOldWorldfromtheNew.ForcenturiesitkepttheAmericansfrombeingdiscoveredbythepeopleofEurope.
ManywrongideasabouttheAtlanticmadeearlysailorsunwillingtosailfaroutintoit.Oneideawasthatitreachedoutto“theedgeoftheworld.”Sailorswereafraidthattheymightsailrightofftheearth.Anotherideawasthatattheequator(赤道)theoceanwouldbeboilinghot.
TheAtlanticOceanisonlyhalfasbigasthePacific,butitisstillverylarge.Itismorethan4,000miles(6,000km)widewhereColumbuscrossedit.Evenatitsnarrowestitisabout2,000miles(3,200km)wide.
TwothingsmaketheAtlanticOceanratherunusual.Forsolargeanoceanithasveryfewislands.Also,itistheworld’ssaltiestocean.
ThereissomuchwaterintheAtlanticthatitishardtoimaginehowmuchthereis.Butsupposenomorerainfellintoitandnomorewaterwasbroughttoitbyrivers.Itwouldtaketheoceanabout4,000yearstodryup.Ontheaveragethewaterisalittlemorethantwomiles(3.2km)deep,butinplacesitismuchdeeper.ThedeepestspotisnearPuertoRico.This“deep”measures30,246feet-almostsixmiles(9.6km).
OneofthelongestmountainrangesoftheworldrisesfromtheflooroftheAtlantic.Thismountainrangerunsnorthandsouthdownthemiddleoftheocean.Thetopsofafewofthemountainsreachupabovetheseaandmakeislands.
SeveralhundredmileseastwardfromFloridathereisapartoftheoceancalledtheSargassoSea.Herethewaterisquiet,forthereislittlewind.Inthedaysofsailingvessels(船)thecrewwereafraidtheywouldbebecalmed(停滞不前)here.Sometimestheywere.
TodaytheAtlanticisagreathighway.Itisnot,however,alwaysasmoothandsafeone.Stormssweepacrossitandpileupgreatwaves.IcebergsfloatdownfromtheFarNorthacrossthepathsofships.
Wenowhavesuchfastwaysoftravelingthatthisbigoceanseemstohavegrownsmaller.Columbussailedformorethantwomonthstocrossit.Afastmodernsteamshipcanmakethetripinlessthanfourdays.AirplanesflyfromNewYorktoLondoninonlyeighthoursandfromSouthAmericatoAfricainfour!
1.WhichworldistheOldWorld?
A.AfricaB.EuropeC.AsiaD