完整版JamesJoyceAraby人物及背景分析Word文档格式.docx

完整版JamesJoyceAraby人物及背景分析Word文档格式.docx

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BackgroundsIntroduction

Ireland'

smajorreligion,RomanCatholicism,dominatedIrishculture,asitcontinuestodotodayalthoughtoalesserextent.ManyfamiliessenttheirchildrentoschoolsrunbyJesuitpriests（liketheonethenarratorinattends）andconventschoolsrunbynuns（liketheoneMangan'

ssisterattends）.CatholicismisoftenseenasasourceofthefrequentconflictinIrishculturebetweensensualityandasceticism,aconflictthatfiguresprominentlyinJoyce'

sautobiographicalnovelAPortraitoftheArtistasaYoungMan.Inmanyways,Catholicism,particularlyaspracticedattheturnofthecentury,wasanextremelysensuousreligion,emphasizingintensepersonalspiritualexperienceandsurroundingitselfwithsuchrichtrappingsasbeautifulchurches,elegantpaintingsandstatues,otherworldlymusic,andsumptuousvestmentsandaltardecorations.Ontheotherhand,theChurch'

sofficialattitudetowardenjoymentofthesensesandparticularlytowardsexualitywassevereandrestrictive.TheidealwomanwastheVirginMary,whomiraculouslycombinedvirginalpuritywithmaternity.Motherhoodwasexalted,butanyenjoymentofsexuality,eveninmarriage,wasconsideredasin,aswerethepracticeofbirthcontrolandabortion.Theinabilitytoreconcilethespiritualandsensualaspectsofhumannaturecanbeseenintheboy'

sfeelingstowardMangan'

ssisterinHeimagineshisfeelingsforherasa"

chalice"

--asacredreligiousobject--andsoworshipfulishisattitudethathehesitateseventospeaktoher.Yethismemoriesofherfocusalmostexclusivelyonherbody--herfiguresilhouettedbythelight,the"

softropeofherhair,"

"

thewhitecurveofherneck,"

theborderofherpetticoat.Eventheimageofthechaliceisambivalent,sinceitscup-likeshapeandfunctionsuggestsasexualconnotation.Theboyneverresolvesthisconflictbetweenspiritualityandsensuality.Instead,whenconfrontedwiththetawdrinessofashopgirl'

sflirtationatthebazaar,heabruptlydismissesallhisfeelingsasmere"

vanity."

Introductionofthestoryandtheauthor

isoneoffifteenshortstoriesthattogethermakeupJamesJoyce'

scollection,Dubliners.AlthoughJoycewrotethestoriesbetween1904and1906,theywerenotpublisheduntil1914.DublinerspaintsaportraitoflifeinDublin,Ireland,attheturnofthe20thcentury.Itsstoriesarearrangedinanorderreflectingthedevelopmentofachildintoagrownman.Thefirstthreestoriesaretoldfromthepointofviewofayoungboy,thenextthreefromthepointofviewofanadolescent,andsoon."

isthelaststoryofthefirstset,andistoldfromtheperspectiveofaboyjustonthevergeofadolescence.ThestorytakesitstitlefromarealfestivalwhichcametoDublinin1894whenJoycewastwelveyearsold.

JoyceisoneofthemostfamouswritersoftheModernistperiodofliterature,whichrunsroughlyfrom1900totheendofWorldWarII.Modernistworksoftenincludecharacterswhoarespirituallylostandthemesthatreflectacynicismtowardinstitutionsthewriterhadbeentaughttorespect,suchasgovernmentandreligion.Muchoftheliteratureofthisperiodisexperimental;

Joyce'

swritingreflectsthisintheuseofdashesinsteadofquotationmarkstoindicatethatacharacterisspeaking.

JoycehadaverydifficulttimegettingDublinerspublished.Ittookhimovertenyearstofindapublisherwhowaswillingtoriskpublishingthestoriesbecauseoftheirunconventionalstyleandthemes.Oncehefoundapublisher,hefoughtveryhardwiththeeditorstokeepthestoriesthewayhehadwrittenthem.Yearslater,thesestoriesareheraldednotonlyfortheirportrayaloflifeinDublinattheturnofthecentury,butalsoasthebeginningofthecareerofoneofthemostbrilliantEnglish-languagewritersofthetwentiethcentury.

Plot

opensonNorthRichmondstreetinDublin,where"

anuninhabitedhouseoftwostoreysstoodattheblindend,detachedfromitsneighboursinasquareground."

Thenarrator,whoremainsunnamedthroughoutthestory,liveswithhisauntanduncle.Hedescribeshisblock,thendiscussestheformertenantwholivedinhishouse:

apriestwhorecentlydiedinthebackroom.Thispriesthasalibrarythatattractstheyoungnarrator,andheisparticularlyinterestedinthreetitles:

aSirWalterScottromance,areligioustract,andapoliceagent'

smemoirs.

Thenarratortalksaboutbeingapartofthegroupofboyswhoplayinthestreet.HethenintroducesMangan'

ssister,agirlwhocaptivateshisimaginationeventhoughherarely,ifever,speakswithher.Hedoesstareatherfromhiswindowandfollowheronthestreet,however,oftenthinkingofher"

eveninplacesthemosthostiletoromance."

WhileinthemarketplaceonSaturdaynights,forexample,heusesherimagetoguidehimthroughthethr