语言学题目有答案Word格式.docx

语言学题目有答案Word格式.docx

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Whichofthefollowingwordsisentirelyarbitrary?

A.tree 

B.typewriter 

C.crash 

D.bang

3. 

Thefunctionofthesentence“Waterboilsat100degreesCentigrade.”is__________.

A.interrogative 

B.directive 

C.informative 

D.performative

4. 

InChinesewhensomeonebreaksabowloraplatethehostorthepeoplepresentarelikelytosay“碎碎（岁岁）平安”asameansofcontrollingtheforceswhichtheybelievesfeelmightaffecttheirlives.Whichfunctionsdoesitperform?

A.Interpersonal 

B.Emotive 

C.Performative 

D.Recreational

5. 

Whichofthefollowingpropertyoflanguageenableslanguageuserstoovercomethebarrierscausedbytimeandplace,duetothisfeatureoflanguage,speakersofalanguagearefreetotalkaboutanythinginanysituation?

A.Transferability 

B.Duality 

C.Displacement 

D.Arbitrariness

6. 

Studythefollowingdialogue.Whatfunctiondoesitplayaccordingtothefunctionsoflanguage?

—Aniceday,isn’tit?

—Right!

Ireallyenjoythesunlight.

A.Emotive 

B.Phatic 

D.Interpersonal

7. 

__________referstotheactualrealizationoftheideallanguageuser’sknowledgeoftherulesofhislanguageinutterances.

A.Performance 

B.Competence 

C.Langue 

D.Parole

8. 

Whenadogisbarking,youassumeitisbarkingforsomethingoratsomeonethatexistshearandnow.Itcouldn’tbesorrowfulforsomelostloveorlostbone.Thisindicatesthedesignfeatureof__________.

A.culturaltransmission 

B.productivity 

C.displacement 

D.duality

9. 

__________answerssuchquestionsashowweasinfantsacquireourfirstlanguage.

A.Psycholinguistics 

B.Anthropologicallinguistics

C.Sociolinguistics 

D.Appliedlinguistics

10. 

__________dealswithlanguageapplicationtootherfields,particularlyeducation.

A.Linguistictheory 

B.Practicallinguistics

C.Appliedlinguistics 

D.Comparativelinguistics

II. 

Decidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse.（10%）

11. 

Languageisameansofverbalcommunication.Therefore,thecommunicationwayusedbythedeaf-muteisnotlanguage.

12. 

Languagechangeisuniversal,ongoingandarbitrary.

13. 

Speakingisthequickestandmostefficientwayofthehumancommunicationsystems.

14. 

Languageiswrittenbecausewritingistheprimarymediumforalllanguages.

15. 

Wewereallbornwiththeabilitytoacquirelanguage,whichmeansthedetailsofanylanguagesystemcanbegeneticallytransmitted.

16. 

Onlyhumanbeingsareabletocommunicate.

17. 

F.deSaussure,whomadethedistinctionbetweenlangueandparoleintheearly20thcentury,wasaFrenchlinguist.

18. 

AstudyofthefeaturesoftheEnglishusedinShakespeare’stimeisanexampleofthediachronicstudyoflanguage.

19. 

Speechandwritingcameintobeingatmuchthesametimeinhumanhistory.

20. 

Allthelanguagesintheworldtodayhavebothspokenandwrittenforms.

35. 

Whydopeopletakedualityasoneoftheimportantdesignfeaturesofhumanlanguage?

Canyoutelluswhatlanguagewillbeifithasnosuchdesignfeature?

（南开大学，2004）

36. 

Whyisitdifficulttodefinelanguage?

（北京第二外国语大学，2004）

VI. 

Analyzethefollowingsituation.（20%）

37. 

Howcanalinguistmakehisanalysisscientific?

（青岛海洋大学，1999）

1~5BACCC 

6~10BACAC

11~15FFTFF 

16~20FFFFF

31. 

Designfeature:

Itreferstothedefiningpropertiesofhumanlanguagethattellthedifferencebetweenhumanlanguageandanysystemofanimalcommunication.

32. 

Displacement:

Itmeansthathumanlanguagesenabletheiruserstosymbolizeobjects,eventsandconcepts,whicharenotpresent（intimeandspace）atthemomentofcommunication.

33. 

Competence:

Itisanessentialpartofperformance.Itisthespeaker’sknowledgeofhisorherlanguage;

thatis,ofitssoundstructure,itswords,anditsgrammaticalrules.