科技英语写作-中国人英语写作错误举例Word文档下载推荐.doc

科技英语写作-中国人英语写作错误举例Word文档下载推荐.doc

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（中国研究生英文论文写作常见错误分析）

ByFeliciaBrittman（上海交大外籍教师）

ThispaperpresentssomeofthemostcommonChinese-Englishhabitsobserved

fromovertwohundredEnglishtechnicalpapersbyChinesewriters.Thehabitsare

explainedandinmostcases,exampletextfromanactualpaperisgivenalongwith

preferredtext.Anattemptismadetoexplainhowtocorrectandpreventsuchmistakes.

Insomecasesapossibleexplanationofwhythehabitoccursisalsogiven.Thispaper

canserveasanindividualguidetoeditingtechnicalpapersespeciallywhenanative

English-speakingeditorisunavailable.

Introduction

MostChineseuniversitiesrequiretheirdoctoralandmastercandidatesin

technicalandscientificfieldstopublishatleastoneEnglishpaperinaninternational

journalasadegreerequirement.However,manyfactorsmakethistaskdifficultto

accomplish.First,previousEnglishstudiesmaynothavefocusedenoughonwriting,let

alone（更不用说，遑论）technicalwriting.CurrentstudiesmaynotincludeEnglish,causingthewriter’sEnglishfluencyleveltodecline.Second,mostwritershaveneverlivedinanEnglishspeakingcountry.Third,duetothespecialaspectsoftechnicalwriting,evennativeEnglish-speakingengineeringstudentshaveatechnicalwritingcourseaspartoftheirstudy.

Toooften,students’papersarereturnedunaccepted（未被接受的，副词）becauseofpoorEnglish.Ifavailable,studentsmayhavetheirpaperseditedbyanativeEnglishspeaker.However,thiscangetexpensiveforadepartmentthathasmanystudentswitheachpapertypicallyneedingtobeeditedtwice.Hiringsomeonetoeditpapersisdifficult,costlyandonlyputsapatch（小弥补）overtheproblem.AnativeEnglishspeakercandoagoodjobatgettingridof（摆脱）mostofthegrammaticalmistakes.However,ifthispersondoesnothaveatechnicalbackground,particularlyintheareaofthepapersheisediting,heisunabletogetridofallofthemistakesandmakesurethatthemeaningisclear.Hecannotrecognizetheincorrecttranslationoftechnicaltermsforwhichthereisastandardword.Suchmistakeswillnotbepickedupbytheprocessor’sspellingandgrammarchecker.Inaddition,iftheyarenotfamiliarwiththetopicorfield,theymaynotgraspthemeaningoftheentirearticleandfailtomakecriticaledits.

Hiringapersonwithatechnicalbackgroundsimilartothatofthepapersbeingeditedisabetteroption.Nevertheless,whileapersonwithatechnicalbackgroundmaybeabletoeditthepapersufficiently,hemaynotbeabletoexplaintothewriterhowtopreventsuchmistakesinthefuture.Besides,itisdifficultformostChineseuniversitiestohiresuchstaffsimplyforediting.Universitiesmayconsiderinvitingavisitingscholarwhowilleditpapersinadditiontodoingresearchorteachingaspartofanexchange.

Althougheditingmaybethefastestwaytopublishpapers,itdoeslittleinthewayofteachingthewritershowtopreventcommonmistakesandcolloquial（口语，会话）habitsthatpreventaclearunderstandingofthewriter’sideas.Writerswhohavealreadyobtainedanimpressingcommand（很好的掌握）oftheEnglishlanguagecanonlytrulybenefitiftheyaremadeawareof（使，被弄清楚，懂得）），theircommonmistakesandcolloquialhabitsandhowtopreventthem.

Purpose

ThepurposeofthisreportistointroducethemostcommonhabitsinChinese-

EnglishwritingasnotedfromtheovertwohundredpapersIhaveedited.Thehabits

includegrammarmistakes,colloquialisms（口语，白话）,andformattingproblemsandinmostcasespreventaclearunderstandingofthewriter’sideas.Afewofthehabits,suchaswritingextremelylongsentences,canbecorrectedwithcarefuluseoftheMSWord®

grammarandstylechecker.However,mosthabits,suchasmissingarticles,gounnoticedby（未被察觉）automaticgrammarcheckingdevices.Still,Chinese-Englishcolloquialhabitsarenotrecognizedbysuchsoftwaretools.

Structure

Thecommonhabitsarepresentedintwosections.Thefirstsectionliststhehabits

that,inmyopinion,needthemostattention.Thesehabitsinterrupttheflowofthepaper

makingitdifficulttounderstandandoccurmostfrequently.Inthissection,thehabitsare

explained,examplesentencesfromactualpapersaregiventoshowthehabits,andthe

sentencesarerewrittentoshowthecorrectwaytowritethem.Inthecaseofmissing

articles,aflowchartisalsogiventoaidinchoosingthecorrectarticles.

Inthesecondsection,anadditionallistofhabitsisgiven.Insomecases,example

sentencesaregiven.Inothercases,adviceisgiven.Thesecondsectionisveryusefulin

becomingfamiliarwithsmallnuances（微妙之处）.

NotallofthecommonhabitsIobservedarepresentedmainlybecausetheycanonlybedealtwithonanindividualbasis.Forexample,writershaddifficulty