高中英语Unit1Greatscientists单元质量评估Word格式文档下载.docx

高中英语Unit1Greatscientists单元质量评估Word格式文档下载.docx

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第一节（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。

A

Checkoutourtop5weatherapps（应用程序）foryoursmartphones，whichwillkeepyouonestepaheadofnature.

TornadoWarningandAlertApp

ThisappfromtheAmericanRedCrosstracksatornadoasitapproacheswithstep-by-stepadviceaboutwhattodobeforethestormhits.AsirenwarningisbuiltintotheappandgoesoffwhentheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministrationissuesatornadowarninginyourarea.

TheWeatherChannelApp

Thisappincludesweatherforecastsfrommorethan200meteorologistsandletsyoucheckwhatkindofweatherlaysahead，completewithstormpredictionmaps.TheWeatherChannelAppalsoalertsuserstostormwarningsinthearea.

　　　　　　　　LighteningFinder

Ifthegoalistogettothestorm，ratherthanavoidit，thisappisheretohelp.TheLighteningFindercolourcodestheageofthelighteningbolt，andestimatesasafedistancefromwhichtowatchit.

NOAAWeatherRadioHD

ThisappbroadcastsradioreportsfromtheNationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration，andgivesyouaround-the-clockupdatesonthelatestweatherwarnings，watches，advisories，andforecasts.Pushnotificationsalertyoutoseriousstormwarningsinyourareaevenwhenyouarenotcurrentlyusingtheapplication.Theappalsogivesdetailedfour-dayforecastsbasedonyourGPScoordinates，orachosenlocation.

DarkSky

StaydrywithDarkSky，whichoffersweatherreports，includingminute-by-minuterainforecastsforyourexactlocation.Tokeepitspredictionsasaccurateaspossible，thisappforecastsonlyonehourintothefuture.

【语篇解读】　本文是说明文，介绍了五种应用程序。

1．Ifyouwanttokeeptrackofdailyweatherchanges，youmaychoose________．

A．LighteningFinder

B．TheWeatherChannelApp

C．TornadoWarningandAlertApp

D．NOAAWeatherRadioHD

解析：

细节理解题。

根据NOAAWeatherRadioHD中的“Thisappbroadcasts...andgivesyouaround-the-clockupdatesonthelatestweatherwarnings”可知，该软件可以提供一天24小时的天气状况，故选D项。

答案：

D

2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutDarkSky?

A．Itisespeciallysuitabletopredictwetdays.

B．Itprovidesmoreservicesthantheothers.

C．Itonlyoffersaccuratepredictionforyourarea.

D．Itkeepsyouawareoftheweatherdaysahead.

根据DarkSky中的“minute-by-minuterainforecastsforyourexactlocation”可知，A项正确，而C项错误；

B项文中没提到；

根据最后一句“thisappforecastsonlyonehourintothefuture”可知，D项也是错误的。

3．Themaindifferencesofthefiveappsliein________．

A．users'

phonesB．users'

locations

C．theirimagesD．theirfunctions

综合判断题。

从对五种软件的介绍可以明显看出，它们的功能各不相同，故选D项。

B

AllthoseChristmastoysandbooksmayspreadmorethangoodcheer.Anewstudyhasconcludedthattwocommonbacteriathatcausecolds，earinfections，andsorethroatscanliveforlongperiodsonthesurfacesoftoys，books，andotherchild-relateditems，evenafterbeingcleaned.

Thefindings，publishedinthejournalInfectionandImmunityandreportedbyMedicalXpress，showsomebacteriacontinuetoexistonsurfacesforfarlongerthanhasbeenbelieved.

Theresearcherssaidtheyhaddrawnaconclusionthatadditionalprecautions（预防）maybenecessarytopreventinfections，especiallyinsettingssuchasschools，daycarecentres，andhospitals.“Thesefindingsshouldmakeusmorecautiousaboutbacteriaintheenvironmentsincetheychangeourideasabouthowtheseparticularbacteriaarespread，”saidAndersHakansson，assistantprofessorofmicrobiologyandimmunologyintheUBSchoolofMedicineandBiomedicalSciences.“Thisisthefirstpapertodirectlystudythatthesebacteriacansurvivewellonvarioussurfaces，includinghands，andpotentiallyspreadbetweenindividuals.”

S．pneumoniaeiswidespreadindaycarecentresandacommoncauseofhospitalinfections；

Hakanssonexplainedtousthatitcommonlycausessorethroatsandskininfectionsinchildrenandadults.

Toreachtheirconclusions，theUBresearcherstestedthesurfacesoftoysinadaycarecentre.TheyfoundfouroutoffivetoystestedpositiveforS．pneumoniaeandseveralsurfaces，suchasbeds，testedpositiveforS．pyogenes，evenafterbeingcleaned.Thetestingwasdonejustbeforethecentreopeninginthemorningsoithadbeenmanyhourssincethelasthumancontact.

“Bacterialcolonization（细菌定植）doesn'

t，byitself，causeinfectionbutit'

sanecessaryfirststepifaninfectionisgoingtobecomeestablishedinahumanhost，”heexplains.“Children，theelderlyandotherswithcompromisedimmunesystems（缺乏抵抗力的免疫系统）areeasilyinfected.”

【语篇解读】　一项新的研究得出结论：

一些常见的如引起感冒、耳部感染和喉咙痛的细菌，可以长时间存在于书籍、玩具或其他与儿童相关物品的表面，即使被清洗后也是如此。

4．AccordingtoAndersHakansson，wecaninferthat________．

A．thefindingsmakeussensethedangerofthebacteriaongifts

B．thefindingschangepeople'

sattitudetobacteriainfection

C．theexistenceofbacteriaongiftswasn'

tformallyconcerned

D．thebacteriawillspreadthrou