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ChenRongshen（陈荣生）

1.CollegeofTransportation,SoutheastUniversity,Nanjing210b9b,China2.CollegeofCivilEngineering,NanjingUniversityofTechnology,Nanjing210009,China

Indevelopingcountries，ruralroadconstructionismostlycumberedby

shortageoffunds.Engineersconcernsmostinruralareasishowtobuildroadswhichnotonlycostlessbutalsomeetthetrafficdemands.EspeciallyinvastruralareasofChina,thereareagreatvarietyoftransportationpatterns,andthetrafficcompositionisverycomplex.Comparedwithothercountries，

thetrafficcompositioninChinaruralareashaveitsownfeatures.Therefore，thereisnoexperienceabouttheruralroadsconstructionforreference.Inrecentyears，thecentralgovernmentofChinahasincreasedthestrengthforruralroadconstruction.Atthesametime，alotofresearches

aboutruralroadconstructionhavebeendonebyresearchersinChina,andsomeconclusionsaboutchinaruralroadshavebeenmade.Intheauthors'

opinion，theselectionofthepavementstructurematerialisthekeymeasuretoreducetheconstructioncostofruralroadsaftertheroutehasbeendetermined.Comparedwithconcretepavement，asphaltpavementrelatively

costslessandisthefirstchoiceforruralroadsinChina.Andthen，according

totheresearchachievementsaboutruralroadsconstruction，theauthorshave

donesomepreliminaryresearchesonthestructuredesignforlow-costasphaltpavementsforruralroads.

1TrafficCompositionofRuralRoad

Ruralroadsincludecountyroads，townroadsandvillageroads.

Thetrafficonruralroadsisusuallymixed.Onacountyroad,trafficvolumeisbetween300to1500veh/dinaverage，andinacountywitha

developedeconomy，itreaches1000to2000veh/d.Thetrafficvolumebetweencountyandtownis100to300veh/d，andthetrafficvolumebetween

townsisusuallylessthan100to300veh/d.Inamixedtrafficflow，trucks

1

accountfor40%to70%ofthetrafficvolume,whicharemainlylighttruckscarryinglessthan2.5tons（includingagriculturalvehiclessuchaselectro-tricycles，walkingtractorsetc.）andmedium-sizetrucksof2.5to5tons.Mostoftheselightormediumtrucksareoverloaded.Theproportionofheavytruckislessthan9%.Onsomeroadstocounties，theproportionof

overloadedtrucksis5%to32%，whileonsomecountyroadsconnectingto

nationalorprovincialtrunkhighways，theproportionofoverloadedvehicles

usuallyamountsto20%to32%.

Thetrafficvolumeonruralroadsisnotheavy.However，consideringthe

practicalsituationinChina,aswellastheexitenceofoverloadedvehicles，

100kN，orBZZ-100wasadoptedasstandardaxleloadintheresearch.

Thepavementdeflectionortheflexural-tensilestressatthebottomofasphaltsurfaceistakenasthedesignparameter.Theaxleloadwascalculatedin

accordancewiththefollowingformula:

N4.35s,CC（P/P）is12Ni

和-theaxleweightofani-levelaxleinkNandtheactionfrequency;

-theaxleweightofstandardaxlein100kNandtheactionfrequency;

Ifthedistancebetweenaxlesislessthan3m，axleloadsarecalculatedas

adouble-axleormulti-axleloads，and

Iftheflexural-tensilestressatthebottomofsemi-rigidbaseistakenasthedesignparameter,theaxleloadiscalculatedinaccordancewiththefollowingformula:

Ifthedistancebetweenaxlesislessthan3m，

2TrafficVolumeonRuralRoads

Minibusesareadoptedasthestandardvehicleforthedesignofruralroads.

2

Table1showsitsexternaldimensions.

Table1Externaldimensionsofthepassengercarm

LengthWidthHeightFrontoverhangDistancebetweenaxlesRearoverhang

6.01.82.00.83.81.4

ThetypicalvehicletypesonruralroadsarelistedinTable2.Andotherssuchasnon-power-drivenvehicles，animal-drawnvehicles，andbicyclescan

betakenintoaccountinthecalculationoftrafficvolumeonruralroads，in

viewoftheirroadsideinterference.

Inaccordancewiththetrafficcompositionandvolumes，ruralroadsare

dividedintofivegrades.ThetrafficvolumeofeachgradeisshowninTable3.

TrafficvolumespecifiedinTable3wasobtainedbytakingtheminibusasthestandardvehicletype,andconvertingdifferenttypesvehiclesaccordingtothevehicleconversioncoefficientsgiveninTable2.InTable3，

t,,,，，365N1，,1s,N,e,

Nereferstothecumulativeequivalentaxleloadactionfrequency;

Nsreferstotheequivalentaxleloadactionfrequencyinthedesignedtrafficlaneinthebeginningoperationperiodofruralroads;

yreferstotheaverageannualgrowthrateoftrafficvolume;

ηreferstolanecoefficient,and1.0forasinglelaneand0.6一0.7fora

duallane.

3StrengthofRo