高考英语必背易错常考高频词汇.docx
《高考英语必背易错常考高频词汇.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《高考英语必背易错常考高频词汇.docx(31页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
高考英语必背易错常考高频词汇
2015年高考英语必背易错常考高频词汇
(一)考纲要求掌握:
较难拼写的单词(考前必背)
1.advantage2.adventure3.agriculture4.although5.announce-announcement6.apologize7.assistant8.astonish9.attempt10.attention11.Australian12.autumn13.average14.baggage-luggage15.biscuit16.blanket17.broadcast18.bucket19.butcher20.Canadian21.chemistry22.chimneymunism-communistpanion25.companypare27.congratulationposition29.conductor30.construction31.continent32.convenient-convenience33.cupboard34.cushion35.curious36.dangerous37.delicious38.description39.determination40.diologue41.diamond42.dictation43.dictionary44.difference45.difficulty46.disappointment47.discussion48.education49.electric-electricity50.encouragement51.engineer52.entrance53.especially54.European55.examination56.excellent57.expensive58.experience59.experiment60.explanation61.expression62.extremely63.familiar64.favourite65.February66.fortunately67.fountain68.frighten69.frequently70.furniture71.garage72.generation73.general74.geography75.government76.gradually77.graduate78.grammar79.handkerchief80.handsome81.headache82.honest83.honour84.immediate85.importance86.impossible87.information88.institute89.instruction90.international91.interrupt92.introduce93.invitation94.jacket95.January96.journey97.kindergarten98.kilometer99.kitchen100.knowledge101.language102.league103.lecture
104.length105.librarian106.loaf107.magazine108.majority109.marriage110.mathematics111.merchant112.minister113.monitor114.mountainous115.museum116.nationality117.November118.nowadays119.object120.official121.operation122.opposite123.organiz(s)e124.ordinary125.otherwise126.particular127.passage128.passenger129.patient130.persuade131.personal132.picnic133.pleasant134.pleasure135.pollution136.population137.possession138.practical139.precious140.probably141.production142.pronounce143.pronunciation.144.pump145.purpose146.quantity147.realis(z)e148.recognize149.restaurant150.revolution151.rubbish152.sandwich153.satisfaction154.Saturday155.scientific156.secretary157.sentence158.September159.shoulder160.similar161.situation162.slightly163.socialism-socialist164.society165.southern166.splendid167.standard168.stomach169.straight170.strength171.struggle172.suddenly173.technical-technique174.temperature175.terrible176.thousand177.tomato178.tractor179.translate180.umbrella181.understand182.universe183.university184.usually185.vacation186.valuable187.variety188.vegetable189.voyage190.Wednesday191.whisper192.wonderful
(二)考纲要求掌握:
可以具体化的抽象名词
1.manner态度—manners礼貌2.interest兴趣—interests利益3.good益处---goods货物4.force力量—forces军队5.beauty美丽---abeauty美人(美物)
6.difficulty困难—adifficulty难事7.character性格—aChinesecharacter汉字8.experience经验----anexperience经历
9.exercise锻炼、运动—exercises体操、练习10.failure失败—afailure失败的人或事11.friendship友谊—afriendship一段友情12.pleasure乐趣—apleasure一件乐事13.spirit精神—inhighspirits情绪高14.surprise惊奇---asurprise一件奇事15.success成功---asuccess一个成功的人或事16.relation关系---arelation亲戚17.youth青春---ayouth一个青年人18.time时间---times时代、次数、倍数
(三)考纲要求掌握:
可以变成可数名词的物质名词
1.chalk粉笔---somecolouredchalks2.chicken鸡肉---chickens小鸡3.glass玻璃—aglass一个玻璃杯4.hair头发---severalhairs几根头发5.light光—lights灯
6.fish鱼肉---fishes几种鱼7.fruit水果—fruits几种水果8.food食物—foods几种食物9.iron铁—aniron一个熨斗10.sand沙子—sands沙滩11.paper纸—papers报纸、考卷、论文
12.water水---waters海(江、河)水13.wood木头—woods树林14.work-工作--works工厂、著作、工艺品15.silk丝—silks丝织品16.cloth布---clothes衣服17.tea茶—teas几种茶18.green绿色—greens青菜
(四)考纲要求掌握:
形容词和副词词义有区别的词
1.loud出声地---loudly吵闹地2.close接近地—closely仔细3.late迟---lately最近4.wide广阔的---widely广泛地5.sharp正,指时刻—sharply锐利地6.hard努力地---hardly几乎不7.free免费—freely自由地8.high表空间---highly表程度9.deep表深度---deeply表程度
(五)考纲要求掌握:
宾语不同,意义也不同的动词
考纲要求掌握:
有些动词可同时后接不定式和动名词作宾语,但意义不同。
它们是高考试题的考查重点。
这类词主要有:
goondoing(继续干同一件事)goontodo(接着去干另一件事)
stopdoingsth.(停止正在干的事)stoptodosth.(停下来去干某事)
regretdoing(后悔干了某事)regrettodo(相当于besorrytodo)
forget/rememberdoing(忘记/记得已做过的事)
forget/remembertodo(忘记/记得要干的事)
meandoing(意味着干…)meantodo(想干…)
trydoing(尝试做)trytodo(设法做)
(六)考纲要求掌握:
可接宾语和宾补,形式却不同的动词
考纲要求掌握:
某些动词如forbid,advise,allow,permit,admit,consider等直接接动词作宾语时要用动名词,但接宾补时,宾补要用不定式。
如:
Weforbidsmokinghere.(宾语)Weforbidyoutosmokehere.(宾补)Youareforbiddentosmokehere.(主补)
(七)考纲要求掌握:
宾语不同、语态不同,意义却相同的动词
有些词如need,require,want,deserve等后可接不定式(要用被动形式),可接动名词(要用主动形式表被动意义),可与worth,worthy一并记忆。
两种形式意义相同。
如:
Theroomrequirestobecleaned/cleaning.
(八)考纲要求掌握:
只接不定式作宾语的动词和词组
只接不定式作宾语的词和词组有:
decide,expect,refuse,wish,hope,order,promise,pretend,offer,happen,seem,makeuponesmind,used,beabout,beable,have等。
(九)考纲要求掌握:
只接动名词作宾语的词和词组
只接动名词作宾语的词和词组:
mind,risk,avoid,enjoy,escape,keep,suggest,appreciate,practise,delay,finish,feellike,lookforwardto,canthelp,keep(on),miss,beusedto,excuse,beworth,imagine,putoff,giveup等。
(十)考纲要求掌握:
系动词
系动词后可用名词、不定式、分词和形容词等作表语,这类词有:
表感观的系动词:
look,sound,taste,smell,feel,seem,appear(这些词用形容词作表语)
表变化的系动词:
become,get,turn,grow,make,come,go,fall,run
表依旧的系动词:
remain,keep,stay,continue,stand,rest,lie,hold
可带名词作表语的系动词:
be,become,make,look,sound,fall,prove,remain,turn(该词后接的单数名词前多不用冠词。
(十一)考纲要求掌握:
含"被动"意味的动词
有些动词,如sell,open,close,wash,teach,burn,measure,cut,lock,cost,read,write,tear,wear,pull,clean,add,cook,let(出租)等,它们的主语是事物,且又是表示主语的固有特征和状态,与行为方式状语连用时,要用主动形式表被动意义。
(十二)考纲要求掌握:
具有两种形式的易混动词
有些不规则动词有两种过去式或两种过去分词形式,使用或考测时极易弄混。
如:
hang,hanged,hanged(绞死)hang,hung,hung(挂起)
light,lit,lit(点燃,作谓语)
light,lighted,lighted(过去分词作形容词用时,意谓“燃烧着的”,作定语)
drink,drank,drunk/drunken(喝,饮;过去分词作形容词同时,意谓"醉的",drunk多作表语,drunken多作定语)
sink,sank,sunk/sunken(下沉;过去分词sunken作形容词用时,作定语)
bear,bore,born(出生)bear,bore,borne(结果;生育)
Thewoman,whowasbornin1940,hasbornefivechildren.
lie(撒谎),lied,lied,lyinglie(躺,卧,位于)
lay,lain,lying
(十三)考纲要求掌握:
常考的动词总结(完形填空高频词汇)
●1.advisevt.
Sheadvisedmetowearmybestclothes.
Wearetoadviseyouthatthematterisunderconsideration.
Wewishtoadviseyouthatyounowowethebank$500.
Beadvised!
(接受意见吧!
)
advicen.劝告
apieceofadvice
giveadvice
takeone'sadvice
That'smyadvicetoyou.
OnhisadviceIamstayinginbed.
*suggestvt.
Isuggestedthatitwouldbequickertotravelbytrain.
“Isuggest,”saidtheinspector,“thatyouarenottellingthetruth.”
"Isuggestthatyoudidnotcatchthe8o'clocktrain,butthatyoucaughtthe8.25train."
"WhenIsuggestedthatsomevillagersmusthavecomeinforafreedrink,MrThompsonshookhishead."
●2.afford
1.有足够的(金钱、时间)做(常与can、could、beableto连用;多用于否定句、疑问句)。
Wecannotaffordtobuyanewcar.
I’llbeabletoaffordaweek’svacationthissummer.
2.给与、供给。
Musicaffordsuspleasure.=Musicaffordspleasuretous.
●3.blame
1.blamesb.forsth.
Idon’tblameyoufordoingthat.
2.betoblame(用不定式的主动式表被动)
Youaretoblame.
●4.catch
1.捕捉;逮捕;抓住
Ourcatisn’tgoodatcatchingmice.
2.赶上;追上。
Irantocatchthelastbus.
3.撞见(某人正在做。
。
。
)catch+名词+doing
Theteachercaughthimsleepinginclass.
4.染上;感受(气氛)。
Shecaughtacold.
Heisapparentlycaughtbyhereagerness.
5.使(衣服等)钩住(钉子等),被钩住;被夹住(缠住)。
Icaughtmydressonthenail.=Thenailcaughtmydress.
Icaughtmyfingerinadoor.
6.理解;听清楚。
Ididn’tcatchwhatyousaid.
7.引起注意
Thebeautifulactresscaughteveryone’sattention.
8.点燃;着火
Drywoodcatchesfireseasily.
●pare
1.把。
。
。
和。
。
。
比较
Icomparedthetranslationwiththeoriginal.
2.把。
。
。
比拟为。
。
。
Herudelycomparedmyhomemadebreadtoalumpofrock.
3.短语:
comparedto(with);beyondcompare无可比拟的。
●6.develop
1.使发达;使发展;使成长;使发育
Hebelievesthatsportscandevelopmindandbody.
2.开发(土地、资源、新产品)
Weneedtodevelopsolarenergyevenfurther.
3.慢慢地养成习惯;培养(兴趣、嗜好等);患(病)。
Idevelopedthehabitofeatingbetweenmeals.
4.冲洗。
5.developed;developing
●7.devote
1.奉献;致力于。
。
。
devote+名词+to+名词
Hedevotedhislifetopromotingworldpeace.
2.devote+oneself+to献身
Shedevotedherselftotennisinherteens.
●8.enjoy
1.欣赏
Howdidyouenjoythemovie?
2.享受
Ienjoyedgoodhealthuntilthetrafficaccident.
3.enjoyoneself
●9.face
1.面对。
Thebuildingfacesthepark.
2.面临(困难等),应对,面对。
Facethefacts面对现实
3.befacedwith+名词
Iwasfacedwithanewproblem.
4.表情。
●10.getvt.vi.
Hegothighmarksinmathandscience.
Romanticmusicreallygetsme.(浪漫的音乐确实打动了我)
getone’sarmbroken.
IhavetogetworkingonthisorI'llmissmydeadline.(我必须就此开始工作,否则我将超过最后期限)
eventuallygetwell
getstuckintheelevator
Ihavetriedtogetmypointacross.(我试图把我的观点讲清楚)
getalong
getaway
getback
getdown
Let'sgetdowntowork.
getin
gotintodebt
getoff
geton
getonwithsb.
getout
getthrough
gettogether
getup
●11.given.vi.vt.
Wegaveherflowersforherbirthday.
giveherlifeforhercountry.
giveaway
giveback
givein
giveup
giveoffanicesmell
●12.govi.vt.n.
Thecarwon'tgo.
gomad;
Iwasfreetogomyownway.
onthego
astimegoesby.
goaway
goback
godown
goforawalk
goinforwaterskiing.
goon
goout
goover
gothrough
●13.guide
1.带路,向导
Heguidedthetouristpartythroughthepark.
2.指导,领导,治理
Heguidedhisnewbusinesstosuccess.
3.路标,指针。
●14.imagine
1.imagine+名词
Canyouimaginelifewithoutelectricity?
2.imagine+doing
Ididn’timaginebecomingawriterinmychildhood.
3.imagine+that
Imagineyouareabird.
Canyouimaginewhatheisdoing?
●15.keepn.vt.vi.
keepchickens
KeeptheshopwhileI'maway.
keepthepatientcalm
Hewaskeptafterschool
keepone’sbalance
keephouse
keepsth.inmind
keepone’smindonsth.
keepadiary
keepapromise
keepgoal(守球门)
keepholdof
tokeeptheicefrommelting.
keepasecret
keepextramoneyforemergencies
keepone'sword
keepinline;keep