过去式过去分词构成Word文件下载.docx
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例如:
kidnap→kidnapped,worship→worshipped。
而上述两种情况在美国一般却直接加“ed”。
AAA型
即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。
(共9个)
cost—cost—costcut—cut—cuthit—hit—hithurt—hurt—hurtlet—let—letput—put—putread—read—read(read的原形和过去式、过去分词读音不同)set-set-setshut-shut-shut
ABB型
过去式、过去分词相同。
(共42个)
1.过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。
(4个)
bring—brought—brought
buy—bought—bought
think—thought—thought
fight—fought—fought
2.词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。
build—built—built
lend—lent—lent
send—sent—sent
spend—spent—spent
3.过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。
(2个)
catch—caught—caught
teach—taught—taught
4.把-eep、-eel变为-ept、-elt。
keep—kept—kept
sleep—slept—slept
sweep—swept—swept
feel—felt—felt
5.把-ell变为-old。
tell—told—told
sell—sold—sold
6.把-ell、-ill变为-elt或-ilt。
(3个)
smell—smelt—smelt
spell—spelt—spelt
spill—spilt—spilt
7.把-eed、-ead、-eet变为-ed或-et。
feed—fed—fed
lead—led—led
speed—sped—sped
meet—met—met
8.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。
(5个)
learn—learnt—learnt
mean—meant—meant
spoil—spoilt—spoilt
burn—burnt—burnt
dream—dreamt—dreamt
9.过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id(4个)
say—said—said
pay—paid—paid
lay—laid—laid
hear—heard—heard
10.改变元音字母。
(12个)
get—got—got
sit—sat—sat
find—found—found
hold—held—held
spit—spat—spat
shine—shone—shone
win—won—won
hang—hung—hung
dig—dug—dug
lose—lost—lost
11.改变辅音字母。
make—made—made
spend—spent—spent
12.改变元、辅音字母。
leave—left—left
stand—stood—stood
have/has—had—had
understand—understood—understood
ABC型
原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。
(共39个)
1.i—a—u变化。
(7个)
begin—began—begun
drink—drank—drunk
sing—sang—sung
ring—rang—rung
swim—swam—swum
sink—sank—sunk
spring—sprang—sprung
2.词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。
blow—blew—blown
draw—drew—drawn
grow—grew—grown
know—knew—known
throw—threw—thrown(show除外)
3.词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。
(4个)(give,hide除外)
drive—drove—driven
write—wrote—written
ride—rode—ridden
rise—rose—risen
4.过去分词在过去式后加n。
wake—woke—woken
speak-spoke-spoken
steal-stole-stolen
5.过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。
get-got-gotten/got
forget—forgot—forgotten
6.过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。
(6个)
be—was(were)—been
eat—ate—eaten
fall—fell—fallen
give—gave—given
see—saw—seen
hide—hid—hidden(hid)
7.词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。
take—took—taken
mistake—mistook—mistaken
8.原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。
do—did—done
fly—flew—flown
go—went—gone
lie—lay—lain
show—showed—shown
wear—wore—worn
9.词尾为-eak时,过去式将其变为-oke,过去分词在过去式后加-n。
break—broke—broken
speak—spoke—spoken
10.词中间为“oo+辅(1个)+e”或“ee+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将oo、ee变为o,过去分词在过去式后加-n。
choose—chose—chosen
freeze—froze—frozen
AAB型
过去式和原形相同。
(1个)
beat—beat—beaten
ABA型
过去分词和原形相同。
(共3个)
1.词中间为“o+辅+e”时,过去式将o变为a。
come—came—come
become—became—become
2.u—a—u变化。
run—ran—run
情态动词型
(除must)
只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。
(共4个)
can—couldmay—mightwill—wouldshall—shouldmust既没有过去式也没有过去分词
常用过去分词
begin(开始)beganbegun
drink(喝)drankdrunk
ring(铃响)rangrung
sing(唱)sangsung
swim(游泳)swamswum
blow(吹)blewblown
draw(画)drewdrawn
fly(飞)flewflown
grow(生长)grewgrown
know(知道)knewknown
throw(投掷)threwthrown
show(出示)showedshown
break(打破)brokebroken
choose(选择)chosechosen
forget(忘记)forgotforgotten(forgot)
speak(说,讲)spokespoken
wake(醒)wokewoken
drive(驾驶)drovedriven
eat(吃)ateeaten
fall(落下)fellfallen
give(给)gavegiven
rise(升高)roserisen
take(取)took
taken
ride(骑)roderidden
write(写)wrotewritten
do(做)diddone
go(去)wentgone
lie(平躺)laylain
see(看见)sawseen
wear(穿)woreworn
不规则的动词
cost(花费)costcost
cut(割)cutcut
hit(打)hithit
hurt(伤害)hurthurt
let(让)letlet
put(放)putput
read(读)readread
其他特殊情况
动词原形过去式过去分词
arisearosearisen
awakeawoke/awakedawoken
bewas/werebeen
bearboreborne(携带)/born(出生)
beatbeatbeaten
becomebecamebecome
beginbeganbegun
befallbefellbefallen
bendbentbent
betbetbet
bindboundbound
bitebitbitten/bit
bleedbledbled
blendblendedblent
blessblessedblest
blowblewblown
breakbrokebroken
breedbredbred
bringbroughtbrought
broadcastbroadcast/broadcastedbroadcast/broadcasted
buildbuiltbuilt
burnburnt/burnedburnt/burned
burstburstburst
buyboughtbought
castcastcast
catchcaughtcaught
choosechosechosen
cleaveclove/cleftcloven/cleft
clingclungclung
clotheclothed/cladclothed/clad
comecamecome
costcostcost
creepcreptcrept
crowcrowed/crew