中考英语专项8.定语从句讲解及习题Word文档格式.doc
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ThisisthephotothatItookinthecountry.
HeisthesingerthatImetyesterday.
2.which指物,在从句中作主语,宾语,在非限定定语从句中充当定语,或者代替前句Thefilmwhichwesawlastnightwasmoving.
3.who指人,在从句中作主语,宾语。
Thepersonwhovisitedourclassroomyesterdaywasournewheadmaster.
ThemanwhoyoujusttalkedtoisTom.
4.whom指人,在从句中作宾语。
Thatistheprofessorwhomyouwanttoknow.
5.whose指人,物,在从句中作定语,相当于先行词+’s,后接一名词。
Iknowtheboywhoseparentsaredead.
Idon’tlikethosecitieswhoseroadsaredirty.
※注:
关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略。
三、关系副词
关系副词在从句中作状语,有时相当于介词+which,其中which指代先行词不可以指示整个句子。
1、when指时间,在从句中作时间状语,相当于at/on/in/duringwhich.
I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(onwhich)IreachedthetopoftheHuangshanMountain.
2、where指地点,在从句中作地点状语,相当于at/in/to/which.
Thisistheschoolwhere(atwhich)Istudied.
3、why指原因,在从句中作原因状语,相当于forwhich.
That’stherealreasonwhy(forwhich)hewaslate.
四、关系代词的特殊用法
(一)、关系代词指物时,用that而不用which的情况:
1.先行词为something,anything,nothing,everything以及all,much,little,alot,none,few等不定代词时。
Eg:
MymotherwassoproudofallthatIdidt
2.先行词有thelast,thevery,theonly以及all,much,few,no,any,little等修饰时。
e.g.ThisistheverybookthatI’mlookingfor.
3.先行词为序数词、形容词最高级(或所修饰)时。
e.g.ThisisthemostexcitingfilmthatI’veeverseen.WhenpeopletalkaboutHangzhou,thefirstthatcomestotheirmindistheWestLake.
4.thesame修饰先行词时,定语从句要用that或as引导,但意义不同。
e.g.ThisisthesamewatchasIlostlastSunday.(表示相同但并非同一)
ThisisthesameknifethatIusedyesterday.(表示就是那个)
5.Therebe后面的定语从句多用that引导,不用which。
e.g.There’saseatinthecornerthatisstillfree.
6.句子前面出现了who,which时,后面的定语从句用that引导。
e.g.Theybuiltafactorywhichmadesomenewproductsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.
7.关系代词在定语从句作表语时,常用that,而不用which、who。
e.g.Myhometownisnotthesmallvillagethatitwas10yearsago.
Tomisn’tthemanthatheusedtobe
9.先行词既有人又有物时,只能用that。
e.g.DoyourememberthebookanditsauthorthatappearedonTVlastSunday
(二)、which的特殊用法:
1.关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句,有时不是修饰某个先行词,而是指代主句的全部或部分内容。
特别注意,非限定定语从句中prep+which时,which只能指代先行词,不可以指代句子。
Helenoftencamelate,whichmadetheclassteacherangry.
(三)、关系代词as的用法:
当先行词有such,so,thesame等修饰时,关系代词要用as;
as在从句中可作主语,宾语和表语。
e.g.1).Ihaveneverseensuchakindgirlassheis.
2).Heissuchagoodteacher(sogoodateacher)aseverystudentrespects.
※但在以下两种情况下有区别:
.as从句可位于句首(或主句前),而which从句只能在主句后。
e.g.____isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.
A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As
请分析一下定语从句:
(请划出定语从句,并标出先行词)
1.
CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.
2.
AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.
3.
Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.
4.
Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.
5.
Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.
6.
Canyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecently?
8.
HewouldalwaystakeprideineverythinggoodIdo.
9.
MyfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.
10.
Whataresomeoftherulesthatateenagershouldobey?
12.
Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem,pleasetellme.
13.
Standingveryclosetothepersonyouaretalkingwithisquitecommoninsomecountries.
14.
Ifyouknowsomeoneyouknowdoingthis,youcanaskthem.
15.
AllIeverwantedtodowastraveling.
三、单项选择
()1.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady____comesfromBeijing.
A.who B.which C.whom D.whose
()3.Thestudentswereallinterested____youtoldthemyesterday.
A.inwhichB.inthatthisC.allthat D.ineverything
()4.Hewastheonlypersoninhisoffice______wasinvited.
A.whom B.whose C.that D.which
()5.Thisisthemuseum______wevisitedlastyear.
A.where B.inwhich C.which D.inthat
()6.Charlietoldhismotherall____hadhappened.
A.that B.what C.which D.who
()7.Doyouknowthestudent_____?
A.whomIoftentalk B.withwhoIoftentalk
C.Ioftentalkwith D.thatIoftentalk
()8.Ilikethehouse_____windowsfacesouth.
A.whose B.who’s C.it'
s D.its
()9.Wouldyoutellmewheretogetthedictionary_____?
A.whatIneedB.Ineed
C.whichIneedit