山东省高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练9Word文档格式.docx

山东省高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练9Word文档格式.docx

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“Cheerup,”sayssciencewriterMattRidley.”Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein,anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandfornature.”

Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—rational,becausehe’scarefullyweighedtheevidence;

optimistic,becausethatevidenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.Andthisiswhathe’ssetouttoprovefromauniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbook,TheRationalOptimist.Heviewsmankindasagrandenterprisethat,onthewhole,hasdonelittlebutprogressfor100,000years.Hebackshisfindingswithhardfactsgatheredthroughyearsofresearch.

Here’showheexplainshisviews.

1）Shoppingfuelsinvention

ItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproductsforsaleinLondonalone.Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpoverty,ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood,moreconvenienttransport,biggerhouses,bettercars,and,ofcourse,morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstomakeotherthings.Themorewespecializeandexchange,thebetteroffwe’llbe.

2）Brilliantadvances

Onereasonwearericher,healthier,taller,cleverer,longer-livedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds—food,clothing,fuelandshelter—havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleprovidingonehour’slightcostsixhours’work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes’worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit’shalfsecond.

3）Let’snotkillourselvesforclimatechange

Mitigating（减轻）climatechangecouldprovejustasdamagingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage,wheretheuseoffossil-fuel（化石燃烧）electricityisforbiddenbywell-meaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld,isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimatechangeprovestobemild,butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain,wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanose-bleedbyputtingatourniquet（止血带）aroundournecks.

1.WhatisthethemeofRidley’smostrecentbook?

A.Weaknessofhumannature.B.Concernaboutclimatechange.

C.Importanceofpracticalthinking.D.Optimismabouthumanprogress.

2.HowdoesRidleylookatshopping?

A.Itencouragesthecreationofthings.B.Itresultsinshortageofgoods.

C.Itdemandsmorefossilfuels.D.Itcausesapovertyproblem.

3.Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat　　　.　

A.oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandles

B.shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlife

C.advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandles

D.increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods

4.Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassageimply?

A.Cuttingcarbonisnecessaryinspiteofthehugecost.

B.Overreactiontoclimatechangemaybedangerous.

C.People’shealthiscloselyrelatedtoclimatechange.

D.Carelessmedicaltreatmentmaycausegreatpain.

【参考答案】1-4DADB　　

A

Takingexamsinalargegroupsettingcanbestressfulforstudentsandforthestaffmemberswhoarewatchingoverthem.Whenclassroomsarecrowdedanddesksareclosetogether,cheatingmightbetempting.OneuniversityinThailandcameupwithananti-cheatinghatthatmakesitalmostimpossibleforstudentstoseeotherstudents’papers.Aphotoofthestudentswearingtheanti-cheatinghatsmadeitswaytotheinternet,andtheuniversitywascriticizedformakingstudentswearthoseridiculouslookinghomemadehats.Thehatsweremadebystaplingtwopiecesofpaperontoaheadband,onetoeachsideofthehead.

1.WhywastheuniversitycriticizedontheInternet?

A．Thehomemadeanti-cheatinghatlookedtoosimple.

B．Wearingtheanti-cheatinghatmadestudentslookridiculous.

C．Wearingtheanti-cheatinghatscouldn’tpreventstudentsfromcheatingintheexam.

D．Theuniversityforcedstudentstoweartheanti-cheatinghat.

2.What’smostoftheKasetsartUniversitystudents’attitudetowardsthecheatinghat?

A.skepticalB.supportiveC.objectiveD.negative

3.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat_______.

A.It’suselesswearingtheanti-cheatinghatintheexam.

B.Kasetsartstudentsareoftencaughtcheatingintheexam.

C.Wearingtheanti-cheatinghatiseffectiveinsomedegree.

D.Somestudentsareforcedtoweartheanti-cheatinghat.

参考答案1-3BBC

B

Weknowthatsugarysodasaren’tgoodforourbodies.Nowitturnsoutthattheymaynotbegoodforourminds,either.Anewstudyofmorethan260,000peoplehasfoundalinkbetweensweetenedsoft-drinksanddepression,anddietsodasmaybemakingmattersworse.

Thestudystudied263,925people