经济贸易 外文翻译 外文文献 英文文献 澳大利亚的乳制工业文档格式.docx

经济贸易 外文翻译 外文文献 英文文献 澳大利亚的乳制工业文档格式.docx

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经济贸易外文翻译外文文献英文文献澳大利亚的乳制工业@#@外文出处：

@#@Kidane,H.,H,K.,Kidane,H.,Kidane,H.,Kidane,H.,&@#@H.,K.,etal.（2000）.Australianexportsofdairyproducts. @#@JournalofFoodProductsMarketing,5（4）,69-90.@#@AustralianExportsofDairyProducts:

@#@ChallengesandOpportunities@#@【Abstract】ExportsofdairyproductsarebecomingincreasinglyimportantintermsofexportearningsforAustralia.TheindustryisthefourthhighestforeignexchangeearnercomparedtoallAustralia'@#@sfoodexports.However,Australianexportsofdairyproductsaccountforabout67percentofthetotalAustralianproductionofdairyproducts,andabout13percentoftotalworldexportsofdairyproducts.About68percentofAustraliandairyproductsexportsaresoldonAsianmarkets.ThepurposeofthispaperistoexaminethechallengingissuesandopportunitiesforAustralianexportsofdairyproductsonworldmarketsandtoidentifypotentialandemergingexportmarketsforAustraliandairyproducts.Australiaishighlyrestrictedonitsaccesstoworlddairyproductmarketsbytheimpactofexportsubsidiesandothertradebarriersofoverseasmarkets.ThecurrentcconomicandpoliticalcrisesinAsiaarealsonotfavourabletomaintainexportsalesonsomeoftheAsianmarkets.TheexportsupportschcmeinAustraliahasmadeexportingattractiverelativctodomesticsales.ButitisanticipatedthattheterminationoftheschemeafterJune2000,willreduceproductionandexportsby6and20percent,respectivelyintheshortrun.However,inthelongrun,resourceswillbeefficientlyusedwithoutgovernmentinterventionandAustraliandairyproductswillalsobccompetitivconthedomesticmarket.ThereisscopeforgreatermarketopportunitiesintheemergingmarketsinAsiaandotherpartsoftheworldforAustraliandairyproducts.Australiawillalsobcnefitfromtheagreementoninternationaltradethatdirectsexportingcountriestoreduceexportsubsidyandremovenon-tarifftradebarriersonexportsofdairyproducts.Australiashouldimplementappropriatcmeasurestoincreasethemilkyieldperww,toimprovethequalityofdairyproductsandtoidentifytheneedformarketpromotionandrescarchinordertoincreasethevolumeofdairyproductexportsonworldmarkets,especiallyinAsiaandothcrpotentialmarketssuchasMiddleEast,Africa,EuropeandtheAmericas.@#@【Keywords】Australia,DairyMilk@#@.DAIRYPRODUCTSINDUSTRYINAUSTRALIA@#@DairymanufacturingisoneofAustralia'@#@sleadingdairyindustries.Intermsofforeignexchangeearnings,theindustryranksfourth（aftermeat,wheatandsugar）comparedtoallAustralia'@#@sfoodexports（ADIC,1996）.TherealgrossvalueofproductionwasestimatedatA$1.7billionin1997,accountingforabout66percentofthecombinedvalueofmarketandmanufacturingmilkatthefarmgate.ThetotalrealvalueofAustralianexportsofdairyproductswasabout$A1.3billionin1996,andrepresentedabout8percentoftotalfarmexports.Likewise,Australia'@#@sdairyexportscontributedabout2percenttototalAustralianexportsin1995-96（Doucouliagos,1997）.However,Australiahaslittleinfluenceonworldpriceasitsshareaccountedforabout13percentofworldtradein1996.@#@ManufacturingmilkisproducedinallstatesinAustralia,andtherearesignificantregionaldifferencesintheproductionofdairyingduetoclimaticandnaturalresourcesthatarefavorabletodairyingtobeproducedbasedonyearroundpasturegrazing（NSWA,1996-97）.In1997,nationalmilkproductionwasestimatedat9billionlitres,andNewSouthWalesissecondbehindVictoria,accountingfor13percentand62percent,respectivelyofthenation'@#@sannualmilkproduction（ABARE,1997）.Totalmilkproductionincreasedatanaverageofabout4.7percentbetween1988and1997.About7.1billionlitresofmilkwereusedformanufacturingpurposes,accountingforabout79percentofthetotalmilkproduction.Victoriaaccountsfor79percent,Tasmania6percent,andNSW5percentofthetotaldairyproductsproducedinthecountry（ADC,1997）.@#@Theproductionofdairyproductsrecordedanaverageincreaseof8.8percentbetween1988and1997.However,Australianexportsofdairyproductsasaproportionoftotalproductionincreasedonaverageby0.4percentoverthesameperiod.Thiswasduetoworldsurplusproductionofdairyproductsasaresultofdomesticindustrysupportbysomeoftheworld'@#@slargestproducers（EUandUSA）.Subsidisedexportsofdairyproductsaccountforabout50percentofgloballytradeddairyproducts,andthislowersinternationalmarketpricesofdairyproducts（ADIC,1997）.Australianproductionofdairyproductsaccountedforabout4percentoftotalworldproduction,andabout13percentoftotalworldexportsales.Thus,pricetakercountriessuchasAustraliaareadverselyaffectedbytheexportablesurplusesofdairyproductsdirectedtoworldmarketsbymajo