高中英语非谓语动词作状语专题讲解PPT课件下载推荐.ppt
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分词或分词短语作状语时,可以表时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式、伴随状况等。
表示时间关系的分词短语有时可由连词while或when引出。
Hearingthenews,theygotexcited.(时间)Becarefulwhile/whencrossingthestreet.(时间)Havingbeenbittenbyasnake,shewasfrightenedatit.(原因)Givenachance,Icansurprisetheworld.(条件)Thecupdroppedtotheground,breakingintopieces.(结果)Havingbeentoldmanytimes,hestillrepeatedthesamemistake.(让步)Theteachercameintothelab,followedbysomestudents.(伴随状况),Heated,waterchangesintosteam.United,westand;
divided,wefall.Seriouslyinjured,hehadtobetakentohospital.Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.,二、不定式作状语1.表目的:
有时候用inordertodo/soastodo(不用于句首)Hegotupearlyinordertocatchthefirstbus.Thebusstoppedsoastopickuppassengers.Inordertoarrivebeforedark,westartedearly.,2.表原因:
在某些形容词作表语,表示喜、怒、衷、乐后跟不定式表示原因:
easy,difficult,hard,cheap,expensive,fit,comfortable,heavy,good,important,impossible,dangerous,surprised,astonished,delighted,disappointedIamgladtohearthenews.Iamsosorrytohearyourmotherisill.,3.表结果Shewentabroadnevertoreturn.MygrandmotherlivedtoseetheliberationofChina.1)soadj.astodo/suchastoHewassoangryastobeunabletospeak.Wearenotsuchfoolsastobelievehim.2)tooto,enoughtodo等结构表示结果Thisbookiseasyenoughformetoread.Theiceisthickenoughtowalkon.Sheistootiredtodothejob.3)onlyto(表未曾料到的结果)Theyliftedarockonlytodropitontheirownfeet.Iwenttoseehimonlytofindhimout.注意:
动词作结果作状语表示未曾预料的结果,而现在分词作结果状语表示自然而然或必然的结果。
Herhusbanddiedin1942,leavingherwithfivechildren.Thebuswasheldupbysnowstorm,thuscausingthedelay.,三、独立成分作状语特殊的独立结构有些非谓语形式已成为固定用语,用来表示说话人对说话内容所特的态度。
1)现在分词的独立结构judgingfrom/by;
generally/strictly/franklyspeaking;
accordingto;
including;
owingto;
talking/speakingof(谈及)2)过去分词的独立结构given(考虑到);
providedthat(如果)3)不定式的独立结构totellyouthetruth;
tomakethingsworse;
tobeginwith/tostartwith/tobefrank4)动词原形believeitornot(信不信由你)5)作连词的分词,这些词用来表示条件的连词,后接that从句。
considering(考虑到,就而言),providing/provided假如,supposing假如,非谓语动词做状语(选用所给词的正确形式填空:
pass,compare,follow,follow,walk,dress,lose)_apostoffice,Istoppedtobuysomestamps._withtheoldone,thenewbuildinglookspretty._byagroupofstudents,theprofessorcamein._thestudents,theprofessorcamein._inthestreet,hespottedhisbestfriend._inanewskirt,shestoodoutattheparty._inthestrangecity,thelittlegirlwasscared.,Passing,Compared,Followed,Following,Walking,Dressed,Lost,四、独立主格结构作状语:
位置灵活,常用逗号与句子主题分开,在句中常作状语,表示时间、条件、原因、伴随、目的等,还可以作定语。
独立主格结构的构成:
名词(代词)现在分词(与前面构成主动关系):
Weatherpermitting,wearegoingtovisityoutomorrow.名词(代词)过去分词(与前面构成被动关系):
Thetestfinished,webeganourholiday.名词(代词)不定式(表将来):
Therebeingnobus,wehadtowalkhome.名词(代词)副词:
Hecameintotheroom,hisearsredwithcold.名词(代词)形容词:
Thefirm,itselfimmense,didnotdisdainthepettyretaildealing.这家公司尽管规模很大,但并不轻视这笔小零售生意。
名词(代词)介词短语:
Hecameoutofthelibrary,alargebookunderhisarm.名词(代词)名词:
Thevillagers,mostofthemwomenandchildren,werekilledthatnight.,【题型一】利用黄金法则分析法解题1.Allthetask_aheadoftime,theydecidedtogoonholidayforaweek.A.hadbeenfinishedB.werefinishedC.havingbeenfinishedD.hasbeenfinished2._manytimes,buthestillcouldntunderstandit.3._manytimes,hestillcouldntunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ToldC.HewastoldD.Thoughhetold4._Imethim,Ithoughthewasaseriousman.A.ForthefirsttimeB.ThefirsttimeC.ItwasthefirsttimeD.Bythefirsttime,五、“黄金法则”谓语单一性法则,【题型二】与独立主格的结合
(1)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_carriedoutintheirwork.
(2)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,noneof_werecarriedoutintheirwork.(3)Theyputforwardalotofplansatthemeeting,butnoneof_werecarriedoutintheirwork.A.whichB.themC.whatD.that,