水文学原理中英文专业词分析文档格式.docx
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水浑(turbid):
水土流失(soilandwaterlosses)水脏(dirty):
水污染(waterpollution)
水平/垂直结构(horizontal/verticalstructure)
河流学(potamology/riverhydrology)湖沼学(limnology/lakehydrology)水库(reservoir)
冰川水文学(glacierhydrology)地下水水文学(groundwaterhydrology)
水文气象学(hydrometeorology)积云(cumulus)河口水文学(estuaryhydrology)
流域水文学(basinhydrology)全球水文学(globalhydrology)
水文学中的环境同位素(environmentalisotopesinhydrology)
Chapter2水文循环
水文循环:
hydrologicalcycle
海洋蓄水(waterstorageinoceans)蒸发(evaporation)凝结(condensation)
大气蓄水(waterstorageintheatmosphere)冰雪蓄水(waterstorageiniceandsnow)
降水(precipitation)散发(transpiration)蒸散发(evapotranspiration)
升华(sublimation)凝华(desublimation)地表径流(surface/directrunoff)
融雪径流(snowmeltrunofftostreams)河川径流(streamflow)泉水(spring)
淡水储存(freshwaterstorage)下渗(infiltration)地下水出流(groundwaterdischarge)
地下水储存(groundwaterstorage)大/中/小尺度(macro-scale/mesoscale/microscale)
开放/封闭系统(open/closedsystem)截留(interception)洼地储蓄(depressionstorage)
地下径流(groundflow)壤中流(interflow)总水量(totalwater)海洋/大陆(oceans/continent)
咸水/淡水(saline/freshwater)沼泽(marish)大气水(atmosphericwater)
生物水(biologicalwater)土壤水(soilwater)
Chapter3流域与水系
流域与水系:
Watershed&
DrainageNetworks
Part1基本概念
分水线(watersheddivide)闭合流域(closedwatershed)
非闭合流域(unclosedwatershed)水系(DrainageNetworks)
羽毛状水系(Elongatedshape)平行状水系(fanshape)
混合状水系(mixedshape)坡地(Slope)倾斜面(inclinedplane)
收敛曲面(ConvergentCamber)发散曲面(DivergentCamber
流域基本单元(Unit)
Part2水系的地貌特征
河源(headwater)节点(node)出口(outlet)
外链(Externallinks)内链(Internallinks)干流(mainriver)
支流(tributaryriver)Strahler分级法河流长度(streamlength)
河数定律(thelawofstreamnumbers)河长定律(thelawofstreamlengths)
链长度(LinkLength)横断面(Crosssection)纵断面(longitudinalsection)
大断面(floodcross-section)弯曲率(Sinuosity)
河底比降(Slopeofstreambed)
Part3流域的地貌特征
流域形状(Shapeofwatershed)流域坡度(Slopeofwatershed)
流域面积及面积定律(Drainageareaandthelawofdrainageareas)
流域长度和宽度(Widthandlengthofwatershed)形态因子(Shapefactor)
圆度(Circularityratio)伸长比(Elongationratio)
河网密度和河道维持常数(Drainagedensity&
constantofchannelmaintenance)
河流频度和链频度(Streamfrequency&
linkfrequency)
面积--河长曲线(Drainagearea-streamlengthcurve)
高程曲线(Elevationcurve)
Chapter4降水
降水(Precipitation)
Part1降水要素及其时空变化表示方法(Precipitationelements&
Temporalandspatialvariation)
降雨的基本要素(RainfallElements)降雨量(深)Rainfall(depth)
降雨历时(Rainfallduration)降雨强度(Rainfallintensity)
降雨面积(Rainfallarea)暴雨中心(Stormcenter)
降雨强度与历时曲线(Rainfallintensity-durationcurve)
降雨深与面积关系曲线(Rainfalldepth-areacurve)
降雨深与面积和历时关系曲线(Rainfalldepth-area-durationcurve)
Part2降雨类型及其影响因素(TypesofrainfallandAffectingfactors)
气旋雨(Cyclonicrain)对流雨(Convectional/Convectiverain)
台风雨(Typhoons/Hurricanes)地形雨(Orographicrain)
锋面雨(Frontalrain)非锋面雨(Non-frontalrain)
Part3区域(流域)平均降雨量计算方法(CalculationmethodofAveragerainfalloveranarea)
算术平均法(Arithmeticmeanmethod)泰森多边形法(Thiessenpolygonmethod)
等雨量线法(Isohyetalmethod)距离平方倒数法(Inversedistance-squaredmethod)
雷达测雨(Radarmeasurementofrainfall)卫星测雨(Satelliticmeasurementofrainfall)
Part4降雨资料的检验(Testofrainfalldata)
Chapter5土壤水
土壤水(SoilWater)水文循环(HydrologicCycle)土壤颗粒(soilparticles)
过滤(leach)蒸发(evaporation)蒸发,散发(transpiration)水分(moisture)
Part1土壤的质地结构及“三相”关系
土壤质地(Soiltexture)粘粒(clay)粉粒(silt)砂粒(sand)
土壤结构(Soilconfiguration)土壤中的“三相”关系(Threephaseswithinasoil)
固体(Solids)液体(Liquids)空气(Vapor)
固体密度(soliddensity)干容重(Drybulkdensity)孔隙度(Porosity)质量含水率(Gravimetricwatercontent)容积含水率(volumetricwatercontent)
饱和度(thedegreeofsaturation)充气孔隙度(Aerationporosity)
孔隙比(Voidratio)
Part2土壤水的存在形态
土壤水作用力(Forcesgoverningsoilwater)分子力(Molecularforce)
毛管力(Capillaryforce)粘着力(Adhesion)粘结力(Cohesion)
重力(Gravitationalforce)土壤水类型(Soilwaterclassification)
束缚水(boundwater)吸湿水(HygroscopicWater)膜状水(Filmwater)
毛管上升水(Ascendingwaterincapillarytube)渗透重力水(percolatingwater)
毛管悬着水(Suspendedcapillarywater)sustainedgravitationalwater(支持重力水)
土壤水分常数(Soilwaterconstants)田间持水量(fieldcapacity)
Saturation(饱和状态)
Part3土壤水的能量状态
土水势(Soilwaterpotential)影响因素(Affectthefactors)
土壤水分特性曲线(Soilwatercharacteristiccurve)
Chapter6下渗
下渗:
Infiltration
Part1引言(Introduction)
土壤水分剖面(soilmoistureprofile)下渗(infiltration)
下渗率(infiltrationintensity)下渗容量(infiltrationcapacity)
下渗曲线(infiltrationcapacitycurve)累积下渗曲线(accumulativeinfiltrationcapacitycurve)下渗机理(mechanismofinfiltration)
Part2非饱和下渗理论()
下渗方程的导出(deductionofinfiltrationequation)
忽略重力作用的下渗方程的解(solutionundergravityneglected)
完全下渗方程的解(solutionunderwholecondition)
Part3饱和下渗理论()
基本方程的建立establishmentof