高考英语艺术生 强化训练课时作业40 天 临阵磨枪11Word下载.docx

高考英语艺术生 强化训练课时作业40 天 临阵磨枪11Word下载.docx

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svastoceanswouldbeeffectivebarrierstothemovementoflandanimals.Anelephantcan'

tswimacrossthePacific，afterall.Butitturnsoutthatplentyofplantsandanimalshaveunintentionallyfloatedacrossoceansfromonecontinenttoanother.Nowcomesevidencethattinytrapdoorspiders（活板门蛛）madesuchajourneymillionsofyearsago.

MoggridgearainbowispiderscanbefoundonKangarooIsland，whichsitsoffthesouthcoastofAustralia.“Thesespidersbuildasilklinedburrow（洞穴）intheground，”notedSophieHarrison，abiologistinAustralia.Theburrowandthetrapdoorprovidethesespiderswithshelterandprotection.Theyalsoofferthemanoutofsightspotfromwhichtheycanwaitforapproachingprey（猎物）.

Thereisevidence，though，thattheancestorsofthemmighthavetraveledmillionsofmeterstogettoAustraliafromAfrica.Thatisn'

tasunlikelyasitmightatfirstseem.Australiausedtobeconnectedtoothercontinents，longago，aspartofasupercontinentcalledGondwana.Andhumanshavebeenknowntotransportspecies（物种）allovertheplanet.Butthere'

sathirdoption.Thespidersmighthaverafted（乘筏）longdistancesacrossthesea.

Tofigureoutwhichstorywasmostlikelytrue，Harrisonandhercolleagueslookedatthespider'

sgenes.TheylookedatthegenesinsevenMoggridgearainbowispidersfromKangarooIsland，andfivespeciesofMoggridgearainbowispidersfromSouthAfrica.TheAustralianandAfricanspiderssplitofffromacommonancestorsome2millionto16millionyearsago，thegenesshowed.

Ifalargeswatch（块）oflandwashesintothesea，filledwitharachnids（蛛形纲动物），thespidersmaybeabletohidethemselvesthroughoutthejourney.Plus，theycan“holdtheirbreath”andsurviveonstoredoxygenduringperiodsoftemporaryflooding，theresearchersnote.

1．Whatisthecommonbeliefaboutlandanimalsaccordingtothetext?

A．Theyaresensitivetonaturaldisasters.

B．Theyareunlikelytomoveacrossoceans.

C．Theycan'

tmakealongoceanvoyage.

D．Theyfloatacrossoceansaccidentally.

2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“them”inParagraph3referto?

A．Thebiologists.B．TheAustralians.

C．Thespiders.D．Theprey.

3．HowdidtheresearchersconcludeAustralianandAfricanspidersarefromacommonancestor?

A．Bycomparingtheirgenes.

B．Byobservingtheirlivinghabits.

C．Bymakingchangestotheirgenes.

D．Bystudyingtheirphysicalcharacteristics.

4．Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．TheseSpidersTraveledGloballytoHideThemselves

B．TheseSpidersBecameMoreAdaptiveWhenTraveling

C．TheseSpidersCrossedanOceantoAustraliafor

Survival

D．TheseSpidersCrossedanOceantoBecomeAustralian

Spiders

[解题导语]本文是一篇说明文。

研究表明：

澳大利亚活板门蛛是几百万年前从非洲漂洋过海迁徙到澳大利亚的。

1．B　解析：

细节理解题。

本题题干意为：

根据本文，人们对陆地动物的普遍观点是什么？

根据第一段第一句（人们会轻易地认为地球上的大洋可以有效阻隔陆地动物的迁徙）可知答案为B项（它们不可能跨越海洋）。

A项（它们对自然灾害很敏感），C项（它们不能长距离航海），D项（它们偶然漂过了海洋）在文中均未提及，故排除。

2．C　解析：

代词指代题。

第三段中画线词“them”指的是什么？

代词them指代第二段中提到的spiders以避免重复，故答案为C项。

3．A　解析：

研究者们是如何得出澳大利亚蜘蛛和非洲蜘蛛来自同一祖先这一结论的？

根据第四段可知他们是通过基因检测得出结论的，故答案为A项（通过比较它们的基因）。

B项（通过观察它们的生活习性），C项（通过改变它们的基因），D项（通过研究它们的身体特征）均未提及，故排除。

4．D　解析：

标题归纳题。

本文的最佳标题是什么？

本文主要阐述了非洲蜘蛛漂洋过海迁徙到澳大利亚这一现象，故答案为D项（这些蜘蛛漂洋过海成了澳大利亚蜘蛛）。

Ⅱ.完形填空

河南郑州第二次质量预测]

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