FPGA的英文文献及翻译.doc

FPGA的英文文献及翻译.doc

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BuildingProgrammableAutomationControllerswithLabVIEWFPGA

Overview

ProgrammableAutomationControllers（PACs）aregainingacceptancewithintheindustrialcontrolmarketastheidealsolutionforapplicationsthatrequirehighlyintegratedanaloganddigitalI/O,floating-pointprocessing,andseamlessconnectivitytomultipleprocessingnodes.NationalInstrumentsoffersavarietyofPACsolutionspoweredbyonecommonsoftwaredevelopmentenvironment,NILabVIEW.WithLabVIEW,youcanbuildcustomI/Ointerfacesforindustrialapplicationsusingadd-onsoftware,suchastheNILabVIEWFPGAModule.

WiththeLabVIEWFPGAModuleandreconfigurableI/O（RIO）hardware,NationalInstrumentsdeliversanintuitive,accessiblesolutionforincorporatingtheflexibilityandcustomizabilityofFPGAtechnologyintoindustrialPACsystems.YoucandefinethelogicembeddedinFPGAchipsacrossthefamilyofRIOhardwaretargetswithoutknowinglow-levelhardwaredescriptionlanguages（HDLs）orboard-levelhardwaredesigndetails,aswellasquicklydefinehardwareforultrahigh-speedcontrol,customizedtimingandsynchronization,low-levelsignalprocessing,andcustomI/Owithanalog,digital,andcounterswithinasingledevice.YoualsocanintegrateyourcustomNIRIOhardwarewithimageacquisitionandanalysis,motioncontrol,andindustrialprotocols,suchasCANandRS232,torapidlyprototypeandimplementacompletePACsystem.

TableofContents

1.Introduction

2.NIRIOHardwareforPACs

3.BuildingPACswithLabVIEWandtheLabVIEWFPGAModule

4.FPGADevelopmentFlow

5.UsingNISoftMotiontoCreateCustomMotionControllers

6.Applications

7.Conclusion

Introduction

YoucanusegraphicalprogramminginLabVIEWandtheLabVIEWFPGAModuletoconfiguretheFPGA（field-programmablegatearray）onNIRIOdevices.RIOtechnology,themergingofLabVIEWgraphicalprogrammingwithFPGAsonNIRIOhardware,providesaflexibleplatformforcreatingsophisticatedmeasurementandcontrolsystemsthatyoucouldpreviouslycreateonlywithcustom-designedhardware.

AnFPGAisachipthatconsistsofmanyunconfiguredlogicgates.Unlikethefixed,vendor-definedfunctionalityofanASIC（application-specificintegratedcircuit）chip,youcanconfigureandreconfigurethelogiconFPGAsforyourspecificapplication.FPGAsareusedinapplicationswhereeitherthecostofdevelopingandfabricatinganASICisprohibitive,orthehardwaremustbereconfiguredafterbeingplacedintoservice.Theflexible,software-programmablearchitectureofFPGAsofferbenefitssuchashigh-performanceexecutionofcustomalgorithms,precisetimingandsynchronization,rapiddecisionmaking,andsimultaneousexecutionofparalleltasks.Today,FPGAsappearinsuchdevicesasinstruments,consumerelectronics,automobiles,aircraft,copymachines,andapplication-specificcomputerhardware.WhileFPGAsareoftenusedinindustrialcontrolproducts,FPGAfunctionalityhasnotpreviouslybeenmadeaccessibletoindustrialcontrolengineers.DefiningFPGAshashistoricallyrequiredexpertiseusingHDLprogrammingorcomplexdesigntoolsusedmorebyhardwaredesignengineersthanbycontrolengineers.

WiththeLabVIEWFPGAModuleandNIRIOhardware,younowcanuseLabVIEW,ahigh-levelgraphicaldevelopmentenvironmentdesignedspecificallyformeasurementandcontrolapplications,tocreatePACsthathavethecustomization,flexibility,andhigh-performanceofFPGAs.BecausetheLabVIEWFPGAModuleconfigurescustomcircuitryinhardware,yoursystemcanprocessandgeneratesynchronizedanaloganddigitalsignalsrapidlyanddeterministically.Figure1illustratesmanyoftheNIRIOdevicesthatyoucanconfigureusingtheLabVIEWFPGAModule.

Figure1.LabVIEWFPGAVIBlockDiagramandRIOHardwarePlatforms

NIRIOHardwareforPACs

Historically,programmingFPGAshasbeenlimitedtoengineerswhohavein-depthknowledgeofVHDLorotherlow-leveldesigntools,whichrequireovercomingaverysteeplearningcurve.WiththeLabVIEWFPGAModule,NIhasopenedFPGAtechnologytoabroadersetofengineerswhocannowdefineFPGAlogicusingLabVIEWgraphicaldevelopment.Measurementandcontrolengineerscanfocusprimarilyontheirtestandcontrolapplication,wheretheirexpertiselies,ratherthanthelow-levelsemanticsoftransferringlogicintothecellsofthechip.TheLabVIEWFPGAModulemodelworksbecauseofthetightintegrationbetweentheLabVIEWFPGAModuleandthecommercialoff-the-shelf（COTS）hardwarearchitectureoftheFPGAandsurroundingI/Ocomponents.

NationalInstrumentsPACsprovidemodular,off-the-shelfplatformsforyourindustrialcontrolapplications.WiththeimplementationofRIOtechnologyonPCI,PXI,andCompactVisionSystemplatformsandtheintroductionofRIO-basedCompactRIO,engineersnowhavethebenefitsofaCOTSplatformwiththehigh-performance,fle