1997年托福阅读全真试题Word文档格式.docx
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development
railroad
telegraph
systems
middle
third
nineteenth
led
to
significant
improvements
speed,
volume,
regularity
shipments
communications,
making
possible
a
fundamental
transformation
production
distribution
goods.
In
agriculture,
was
marked
by
emergence
grain
elevators,
cotton
presses,
warehouses,
commodity
exchanges
that
seemed
so
many
nation’s
farmers
visible
sign
vast
conspiracy
against
them.
"
new
factory
system"
which
plants
became
larger,
more
complex,
systematically
organized
managed.
And
distribution,
jobber,
wholesaler,
mass
retailer.
These
changes
radically
altered
nature
work
between
1870
1920.
To
be
sure,
there
were
still
small
workshops,
where
skilled
craftspeople
manufactured
products
ranging
from
news-
papers
cabinets
plumbing
fixtures.
There
sweatshops
city
tenements,
groups
men
women
household
settings
clothing
or
cigars
on
piece-
basis.
factories
occupations
such
as
metalwork
individual
contractors
presided
over
what
essentially
handicraft
proprietorships
coexisted
within
single
buildings.
But
wage
earners
manufacturing
rose
2.7
million
1880
4.5
1900
8.4
1920,
huge
like
Baldwin
Locomotive
Works
Philadelphia
burgeoned,
did
size
average
plant.
(The
had
600
employees
1855,
3,000
1875,
8,000
1900.)
By
at
least
northeastern
concentrated,
three-quarters
those
worked
than
100
30
percent
1,000
employees.
1.
word
domains"
line
3
is
closest
meaning
(A)
fields
(B)
locations
(C)
organizations
(D)
2.
What
can
inferred
passage
about
agricultural
sector
economy
after
War?
New
technological
developments
little
effect
farmers.
total
population
working
agriculture
declined.
Many
farms
destroyed
war
rebuilt
war.
Farmers
achieved
prosperity
because
better
rural
transportation.
3.
fundamental"
7
basic
gradual
unique
4.
Which
NOT
mentioned
part
system?
A
change
organization
factories.
growth
complexity
An
increase
cost
industrial
products.
5.
statements
before
passage?
Most
activity
highly
organized.
occurred
relatively
plants.
commonly
goods
presses.
Manufacturing
each
made
up
economy.
6.
skilled"
16
hardworking
expert
well-paid
7.
over"
20
are
managed
produced
8.
author
mentions
lines
23-24
it
well-known
metal-works
first
plant
its
kind
typical
large
becoming
common
consisted
building
9-19
Stars
may
spheres,
but
not
every
celestial
object
spherical.
Objects
universe
show
variety
shapes:
round
planets
(some
rings),
tailed
comets,
wispy
cosmic
gas
dust
clouds,
ringed
nebulae,
pinwheel-shaped
spiral
galaxies,
on.
none
shapes
this
list
describes
largest
entities
universe.
double
radio
sources,
galaxies
clouds
emission
dwarf
sometimes
factor
hundred
more.
Stretching
distances
greater
t