被动语态讲解及练习带答案文档格式.docx
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了解被动语态:
1.英语中有两种语态,主动语态和被动语态
2、形式:
1)
am/is/are
+done
(过去分词)
一般现在时
2)
has
/have
been
done
现在完成时
3)
am/is
/are
being
现在进行时
4)
was/were
一般过去时
5)
had
过去完成时
6)
过去进行时
7)
shall/will
be
一般将来时
8)
should/would
过去将来时
9)
have
将来完成时(少用)
10)
过去将来完成时(少用)
3、被动动态的使用:
(1)不知道或没必要说出动作的执行者时,用被动语态。
(2)动作的承受者是谈话的中心时,用被动语态,可带by短语。
4、及物动词才有被动语态。
被动语态的主语大多数是物
1.Bananas_________inHainan.(海南种植香焦。
)
2.Manymoretrees_____________inourschoolnextyear.(我们学校明年将种更多的树。
3._______thetrees________byhim.这些树是他种的吗?
4.Youngtrees_________________(必须照看好小树)
5.Thebuilding____________(那栋楼房正在建设中。
6.Thehomework______________yet(家作已经做完了。
主动语态变被动语态
1.HeteachesEnglishinourschool.--Englishistaughtinourschoolbyhim.
2.Weplantedmanytreeslastyears.---Manytreeswereplantedbyuslastyear.
3.Manycountrieshavesentupsatellitesintospace.
--Satelliteshavebeensentupintospacebymanycountries.
4.ShewillteachClass6.---Class6willbetaughtbyher.
5.Weshouldplantmanymoretrees.--Manymoretreesshouldbeplantedbyus.
注意:
①如遇双宾语,最好变间宾,如若变直宾,间宾前to/for(pass,lend,buy,write,bring,show,tell…)
1.Shegavemeabook.
Iwasgivenabookbyher./Abookwasgiventomebyher.
带双宾语(复合宾语)的被动语态
1.Hismothertoldhimastory.
He________________astorybyhismother.
Astory____________________himbyhismother.
2.Isawthegirldrawinginclass.
Thegirl_________________inclass.
3.Heoftenlendsmeapen.
I_______often_________apenbyhim.
Apen________often________________mebyhim.
4.Theytakegoodcareofthechildren.
Thechildren__________________goodcare_________.
2.动词短语的被动:
不能分割,须将其看作一个整体,不可漏掉介词,副词。
Theytakegoodcareofthebaby.
Thebabyistakengoodcareofbythem.
3.某些动词,主动句中to离开,被动句中to回来(①feel,listento,hear,lookat,see,watch…②let,have,make,)
例:
Hemademedothework.---Iwasmadetodotheworkbyhim.
主动语态和被动语态使用中的特殊情况
1.没有被动语态的动词和词组
happen,takeplace,breakout,last,belongto
①TheseislandsbelongtoChina.
②Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinchina.
③Thewarbrokeoutin1937.
2.用主动形式表示被动意思的动词
1)感官动词:
look,sound,smell,taste,feel
Howsweetthemusicsounds.
Thefooddoesn’tlookasgoodasittastes
2)sell,wash,read,cut,wear等不及物动词,表示主语的某种特性
Thebooksellswell.
Thesignreadsasfollows.
Thisknifecutswell.
Thisdresswasheseasily.
Thiskindofclothwearslong.
3)beworthdoing
Thebookisworthreadingagain
4)want,require,need,deserve之后
跟动名词表被动,相当于tobedone
Theflowersneedwatering.
Theflowersneedtobewatered.
GuiLindeservesvisiting.
GuiLindeservedtobevisited.
4.含有主动意义的被动语态
(有些动词的被动语态用来表示状态)
Whenallthestudentswereseated,theprofessorbeganhislecture.
Thegirlisdressedinablueskirt.
Myhandbagwasgone.
1.Stamps______bypeopleforsendingletters.
A.useB.usingC.usedD.areused.
2.Mustoldpeople_____topolitely?
A.speakB.spokenC.bespokeD.bespoken
3.Bikemustn’t_____everywhere.
A.beupB.beputC.putC.putting
4.Theoldmanandthechildren_____inourcountry.
A.musttakegoodcareB.mustbetakegoodcareof
C.musttakegoodcareofD.mustbetakengoodcareof
5.Alltreesmust_____wellwhenitisdry.
A.bewaterB.wateringC.waterD.bewatered
将下列句子变为被动语态,每空一词。
1.Wecanfinishtheworkintwodays.
Thework____________________________intwodays.
2.TheyproducesilkinSuzhou.
Silk_______________inSuzhou.
3.ThechildrenwillsinganEnglishsong.
AnEnglishsong________________________bythechildren.
4.LucysentmeaNewYearCardlastweek.
ANewYearCard________________________mebyLucylastweek.
5.Hemademedothatforhim.
I___________________________thatforhim.
7.Ihavegiventhisbooktothelibrary.
Thisbook____________________tothelibrary.
一般将来时的被动语态
1Will/shallbedone
Theseoldbuildingswillbepulleddownnextweek.
2Begoingtobedone
Arethesetreesgoingtobecutdown?
3Betobedone
Thesenewtextbooksaretobepublishednextweek?
意义:
1.按计划和安排将要发生的被动性动作。
Theworkwillbefinishedintwodays.
2.表示有固定性条件就会出现的规律性结果。
Heatedto100C,waterwillbeturnedintosteam.
3.条件句或时间状语从句中,主句为将来时,从句若含被动语态,时态应为___________
1.Hesayshewillleavethecompanyifheispunishedforthis.
2.Whenthedamiscompleted,ChangjiangRiverwillbecontrolled.
改错:
1.Hismothergavehimapresent.改为→Apresentwasgivenhimbyhismother.
2.Someonecaughttheboysmoking.→Theboywascaught