Roles Teachers Play in Culture Teaching教师在文化教学中的角色Word格式文档下载.docx

Roles Teachers Play in Culture Teaching教师在文化教学中的角色Word格式文档下载.docx

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RolesTeachersPlayinCultureTeaching教师在文化教学中的角色@#@RolesTeachersPlayinCultureTeaching@#@1.0Introduction@#@HanYu,agreatessaywriterofTangDynastysaidthatateacheristheonewhogivesyouknowledge,startsyourcareer,andanswersyourquestions.@#@Thecivilizationofhumanbeingiscreatedbyallpeopleasawhole.Fromthebeginningofhumansociety,peoplehavewantedtopasstheirknowledgeontotheirdescendants,theknowledgeincludedallcivilizedrealizations,science,art,literature,religion,superstition,economy,politicsandwarsaresomeofthem.Ourancestorshadrealizedthattheseknowledgearethesourceofmanymaterialandspiritualhappiness.Inordernottohindertheprocessoftheirexploringtheworldandacquiringnewknowledge,theyappointedsomespeciallydesignatedpeopletoconductthisprocessofpassingonknowledge.Thesepeopletaughtwhattheyknewtothestudents,andhelpedthemfindthewaystoacquireknowledge.Anyteachingprocesshadaculturalbackgroundwhichinfluencestheresultsofteachingandlearning.Differentteachingpatternshavedifferentoutcomes.Anddifferentculturalbackgrounddevelopsdifferentnatureofnations.Culturehasalwaysbeenpassedonspontaneouslyfromgenerationtogenerationasthesoulofthenation,whichhasalwaysbeennaturallymeltedintotheprocessofteaching,especiallyinforeignlanguageteaching.@#@Bysecondlanguageacquisitionwemeanthemasteringofwords,grammar,idioms,andmoredeeply,knowledgeaboutthesociety,literature,art,economy,politics,andotherrespectsofthecultureofthecountryorthenationwhichspeaksthislanguage.Cultureteachingorculturelearningisthewaythroughwhichforeignlanguageacquiringprocesscouldreachthemostexpectedgoals.Itwasfromthenewachievementsofthestudyoftherelationbetweenlanguageandculturethattheconceptionofcultureteachingwasputforward.@#@Inthe1880s,scholarsofFrance,BritainandGermanypointedoutthatasanimportantpartoflanguageteaching,cultureteachingshouldbeguaranteedthroughseveralways.TheSilentLanguage,therepresentativeworkofEdwardT.Hallmarkedthebeginningofcross-culturalcommunication.Heheldtheideasthatteachingthecultureorlivingofanationcouldnotmerelybeattachedtotheteachingoflanguageasalessimportantpartwithoutanyinfluencetotheaimofteachingprocess.Instead,itshouldbeapartasimportantasanyotherpartoftheprocessandcouldnotbeneglected.TheconceptionofcultureteachingcametobeknownbyChinesein1990s,bywhichwemeantheprinciplesandmethodsoffusinglanguageteachingandknowledgeaboutthecultureandculturalbackgroundofthetargetlanguagecountryornation.Forexample,inEnglishteaching,Chineseteachersintendtoteachthehistory,geography,andcustomofEnglishspokencountriesaswellasEnglishwords,pronunciationandgrammar,aimingtohelpthestudentstounderstandwhattheylearncomprehensively.@#@Thisthesisaimstoexplaintherolesteachersplayincultureteachingandwhatteachersshoulddoinperformingtheseroles.Inthisthesis,abriefintroductiontocultureteachingismadeatfirst,whichcanhelpclarifytheunderstandingofcultureteaching.ThenanattemptismadetoillustratethenecessityofcultureteachinginforeignlanguageteachingonbasisofthetheoryofAcculturationandthetheoryofComprehensibleInputandOutput.Thenthesignificanceandcontentsofcultureteachingarediscussed,andtheprinciplesandsomeguidelinesareputforward.Finally,therolesteachersplayandthestrategiestoperformtheseroleswellareexploredindetails.@#@2.0AnIntroductiontoCultureTeaching@#@2.1LiteratureReview@#@Inthisparttwokindsoftheories,whichareconnectedwithcultureteaching,aregiventohelpprovethefeasibilityandnecessityofcultureteaching.@#@2.1.1Acculturation@#@JohnSchumann’s（1960）theoryofacculturationindicatesthataprocessofadaptingtothecultureofthetargetlanguagesocietyaccompaniestheprocessofsecondlanguageacquisition.Itistheprocessofunderstandingthenewculture’sideas,belief,emotionsystemandsocialintercoursesystem.@#@Brown（2000）dividedtheacculturationofsecondlanguageacquisitionintofourperiods:

@#@Firstly,excitationandhappinessatthebeginningofcomingintocontactwithanunfamiliarculture.Secondly,cultureshockandtheresistibilityagainstthetargetlanguageculture.Thirdly,graduallyrelaxedculturestress.Fourthly,assimilation.Amongwhichcultureshockandculturestressaretwoprocessesonehastogobyfromengaginganewculturetoadaptingtoit.Chinesecultureisextremelydifferentfromwesterncultures.Chinesestudentsholdmorecomplicatedcultureshockandculturestress.SoitwillbemoredifficultforChineseteacherstohelpthestudentsseparatethemselvesfromculturesh