国际经济学作业答案第六章文档格式.docx

国际经济学作业答案第六章文档格式.docx

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（d）remainsconstant.

（e）Noneoftheabove.

Answer:

B

2.Internaleconomiesofscalearisewhenthecostperunit

（b）fallsastheindustrygrowslarger.

（c）risesastheaveragefirmgrowslarger.

（d）fallsastheaveragefirmgrowslarger.

D

3.Externaleconomiesofscale

（a）maybeassociatedwithaperfectlycompetitiveindustry.

（b）cannotbeassociatedwithaperfectlycompetitiveindustry.

（c）tendstoresultinonehugemonopoly.

（d）tendstoresultinlargeprofitsforeachfirm.

A

4.Internaleconomiesofscale

（c）areassociatedonlywithsophisticatedproductssuchasaircraft.

（d）cannotformthebasisforinternationaltrade.

5.Amonopolisticfirm

（a）cansellasmuchasitwantsforanypriceitdeterminesinthemarket.

（b）cannotdeterminetheprice,whichisdeterminedbyconsumerdemand.

（c）willneversellaproductwhosedemandisinelasticatthequantitysold.

（d）cannotselladditionalquantityunlessitraisesthepriceoneachunit.

C

6.Monopolisticcompetitionisassociatedwith

（a）cut-throatpricecompetition.

（b）productdifferentiation.

（c）explicitconsiderationatfirmlevelofthefeedbackeffectsofotherfirms’pricingdecisions.

（d）highprofitmargins.

7.Themostcommonmarketstructureis

（a）perfectcompetition.

（b）monopolisticcompetition.

（c）small-groupoligopoly.

（d）perfectlyverticalintegration.

8.Modelingtradeinmonopolisticindustriesisproblematicbecause

（a）thereisnoonegenerallyacceptedmodelofoligopolybehavior.

（b）therearenomodelsofoligopolybehavior.

（c）itisdifficulttofindanoligopolyintherealworld.

（d）collusionamongoligopolistsmakesusabledatarare.

9.Wherethereareeconomiesofscale,thescaleofproductionpossibleinacountryisconstrainedby

（a）thesizeofthecountry.

（b）thesizeofthetradingpartner’scountry.

（c）thesizeofthedomesticmarket.

（d）thesizeofthedomesticplustheforeignmarket.

10.Wherethereareeconomiesofscale,anincreaseinthesizeofthemarketwill

（a）increasethenumberoffirmsandraisethepriceperunit.

（b）decreasethenumberoffirmsandraisethepriceperunit.

（c）increasethenumberoffirmsandlowerthepriceperunit.

（d）decreasethenumberoffirmsandlowerthepriceperunit.

11.ThesimultaneousexportandimportofwidgetsbytheUnitedStatesisanexampleof

（a）increasingreturnstoscale.

（b）imperfectcompetition.

（c）intra-industrytrade.

（d）inter-industrytrade.

12.Ifoutputmorethandoubleswhenallinputsaredoubled,productionissaidtooccurunderconditionsof

13.Intra-industrytradecanbeexplainedinpartby

（a）transportationcostswithinandbetweencountries.

（b）problemsofdataaggregationandcategorization.

（c）increasingreturnstoscale.

（d）Alloftheabove.

14.Ifsomeindustriesexhibitinternal（firmspecific）increasingreturnstoscaleineachcountry,weshouldnotexpecttosee

（a）intra-industrytradebetweencountries.

（b）perfectcompetitionintheseindustries.

（c）inter-industrytradebetweencountries.

（d）highlevelsofspecializationinbothcountries.

15.Intra-industrytradeismostcommoninthetradepatternsof

（a）developingcountriesofAsiaandAfrica.

（b）industrialcountriesofWesternEurope.

（c）allcountries.

（d）North-Southtrade.

16.Internationaltradebasedonscaleeconomiesislikelytobeassociatedwith

（a）Ricardiancomparativeadvantage.

（b）comparativeadvantageassociatedwithHeckscher-Ohlinfactor-proportions.

（c）comparativeadvantagebasedonqualityandservice.

（d）comparativeadvantagebasedondiminishingreturns.

E

17.Internationaltradebasedonexternalscaleeconomiesinbothcountriesislikelytobecarriedout

bya

（a）relativelylargenumberofpricecom