工程学科英语整合第二稿参考答案Word文件下载.docx
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specializein
启动本钱较低,因为每个企业都可以只专门从事一个很窄的领域。
derivefrom
以上这些才能都源自一种叫机器学习的东西,它在许多现代人工智能应用中都处于核心地位。
Arangeof
创业公司和成熟品牌推出的一系列穿戴式产品让人们欢欣鼓舞,跃跃欲试。
datebackto
置身硅谷的我们时常吞没在各种"
新新"
方式之中,我们常常忘记了,我们只是在重新发现一些可追溯至涉及商业根本的朴素教训。
Task3
TFFTF
Task4
Themostcommonview
Theprincipletaskofengineering:
Totakeintoaccountthecustomers‘needsandtofindtheappropriatetechnicalmeanstoaccommodatetheseneeds.
Commonlyacceptedclaims:
Technologytriestofindappropriatemeansforgivenendsordesires;
Technologyisappliedscience;
Technologyistheaggregateofalltechnologicalartifacts;
Technologyisthetotalofallactionsandinstitutionsrequiredtocreateartefactsorproductsandthetotalofallactionswhichmakeuseoftheseartefactsorproducts.
Theauthor’sopinion:
itisaviewpointwithflaws.
Arguments:
Itmustofcoursebetakenforgrantedthatthegivensimplifiedviewofengineerswithregardtotechnologyhastakenaturnwithinthelastfewdecades.
Observablechanges:
Inmanytechnicaluniversities,theinter‐disciplinarycoursesarealreadyinherentpartsofthecurriculum.
Task5
①工程师对于自己的职业行为最常见的观点是:
他们是通过应用科学结论来方案、开发、设计和推出技术产品的。
②技术是应用科学,即它是定律中因果关系向终端意图关系的转化。
③抛开向顾客提供渴求产品的这些善举不说,工程师的其他所有行为不管是从道德上来看还是从价值上判断都是处于中立的,因为找到适当的方式只是应用科学结论的一个任务而已。
④这些结论可以有对错之分,但谈不上好坏之别。
应用科学被认为是一种自动或决定的过程,其只受自然法那么的约束,比方物理定律而不是道德条例。
⑤工程师的观点---就工程师是做什么的这一问题在这部分中进展了简要的描绘---是纯粹出于技术角度而言,同时也有些理想主义。
Task6
①WhatchallengesdoesclimatechangeconfrontIndianfarmerswith?
ForIndianfarmers,climatechangeprobablymeansthattheyieldinthecomingyearswillgodownsignificantly,whichwillbringabouteconomicloss.
②InwhatwaycantechnologyhelpthefarmersinIndia?
Byintroducingsomemoreefficientmethods,technologyhelpsthefarmerssavelabor,water,andmoney.Insomedegree,technologyishelpingsomefarmersreducetheirlosses.
③WhatdoesIndia’sgovernmentdotoencouragetheuseofnewtechnology?
Thegovernmentisslowlychangingitsagriculturalpolicytorecognizetheeffectsofchangingclimates.Thestategovernmentalsointroducesspecialsubsidytoencouragethefarmerstousenewtechnology.
Task7
alife-changer
listentoanaudioread-back
readingrestaurantmenustostudyingpapersintheclassroom
newpatternrecognitionandimage-processingtechnology
adjust,orchangethepositionofthecameraandreadprintedmaterialsoutloud.
greaterindependence
asmallcomputerscreenthatcanbeconnectedtoeyeglasses
takephotographs,recordvideoandplaysound
thelackoftechnologytoassistblindpeople
hascontinuedtoimproveoverthepast20years
⑪theindustryistooconcernedaboutmakingsoftwareprogramsforsharingphotosandvideogames
⑫thesebusinessleadersareincreasingthecostoflivingandnotdoingenoughtohelpfixtheproblemsofSanFrancisco
⑬thepositiveimpact
⑭thatfitsinyourpocketatafastspeed
⑮agamechanger
Task8
不过随着对话的展开,我的经历就如爱丽丝一样,顺着那个兔子洞下去,看到了那扇通往一个全新世界的大门。
这里的窍门就是使用简单、易读的句子,让观众即使有点儿不明白也可以掌握要点,然后接下来提供一些可以刺激我们感官的图像,并且能让我们对所描绘的内容有更深层次的理解。
用你们研究的科学,减去你们的点句式和术语,除以相关内容,就是要分享和观众有关的内容,再乘以你对自己正在从事的
这份神奇工作的激情,它就会等于:
充分理解的、效果惊人的互动交流。
Task9.
Inthisspeech,MelissaMarshallsharessomepowerfultipsonpresentingcomplexscientificideastoageneralaudience.
Fiveyearsago,MarshallexperiencedabitofwhatitmusthavebeenliketobeAliceinWonderland.PennStateaskedhertoteachacommunicationsclassforengineeringstudents.Andshewasalittlescared.Becausethesestudentsimpressedherwiththeirbigbrains,theirbigbooksandtheirbig,unfamiliarwords.Havingcommunicatedwiththesestudents,Marshallwassoamazedattheirideasandtheirworldthatshedecidedtoletothersexperiencethiswonderland.Andshebelievedthekeytoopeningthatdoorisgreatcommunication.
Marshallthinksscientistsandengineersaretacklingthegrandestchallenges.Inordertochangetheworld,greatcommunicationiseagerlyneededbetweenscientistsandnon-scientists.Ifscientistsandengineerscannothaveothersknowandunderstandwhattheyhavedone,theworktheyhavedevotedtowillbeinsignificant.Soitisgreatlyimportanttofindaneffectivewayofcommunication.
Marshallshowssomekeystomakethiscommunicationmoreeffectiveandsmooth.First,scientistsandengineersshouldlearntoexplainwhythescienceisrelevanttothecommon.Second,thedescriptionofscienceshouldbemoreaccessibletothecommon.Examples,storiesandanalogies,ratherthanjargons,areencouragedtouseinthiskindofdescription.Last,thebulletpointsmayaswellbedroppedwhenscientistsandengineerspresenttheirwork.Thesingle,readablesentenceismoreappreciatedbytheaudience.Andvisualsarealsoneces