英语论文Communicative Approach and Grammar Teaching in Senior Middle School文档格式.docx
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2.1Thedefinitionofgrammar3
2.2Thecurrentsituationofgrammarteaching4
2.3Theessenceandsignificanceofgrammarteaching6
3.AnoverviewofCommunicativeApproach7
3.1ThecomprehensionofCommunicativeApproach7
3.2ThebasicfeaturesofCommunicativeApproach8
3.3TheapplicationofCommunicativeApproachingrammarteaching9
3.3.1Theprinciplesofapplication9
3.3.2Models10
3.3.2.1Byrne’sModel11
3.3.2.2Brumfit’sModel12
3.3.2.3Harmer’sModel12
4.ExperimentofgrammarteachingintheframeworkofCAinsenormiddleschool13
4.1Theaimofexperiment13
4.2Thestepsofexperiment14
4.2.1Thesubjects14
4.2.2Thematerialsofexperiment14
4.2.3Theprocessofexperiment14
4.2.4Theresultofexperimentandanalysis17
4.3Conclusionoftheexperiment19
5.Conclusion20
References21
1.Introduction
Itisalwaysapopulartopicineducationfieldwhethergrammarteachingisnecessary.AndCommunicativeApproachistheotherpopthemeinteaching.Cantheycombinetogether?
Thatisthethemewhichthisthesisdiscusesandprobesinto.
Grammarplaysaverysignificantroleinlanguagelearningandteaching.Howshouldgrammarbetaught?
Whenconsideringthisquestion,teachersshouldconsiderwheregrammarfitsinlanguageteaching.Someofthemtendtoextremes,eitherlayingtoomuchemphasisongrammarorjustignoringit.Neitherofthetwoattitudesisadoptable,justasDavidNunanargued“itiswrongtoimplythatteachersareconfrontedwithtwomutuallyexclusivechoiceswhenitcomestoteachinggrammar,eitheravoidingtheteachingofgrammaraltogetherorreturningtoatraditionalform-focusedapproach”(1991:
151).Inotherwords,grammarshouldbeputsomewhereonthecontinuumbetweengreatlyemphasizingandcompletelyignoringgrammar.
Now,moreattentionhasbeenpaidtowardsdevelopingcommunicativecompetenceintheforeignlanguageteaching.Accordingly,grammar,asapartoflanguagecompetence,shouldbeconsideredasmeansratherthananendinitself.However,manymiddleschoolteachersespeciallythoseinthewesternareasinsistontakinggrammarknowledgeasthekeylinkinteaching.MostEnglishteachersinChinatakeatraditionalmethodinforeignlanguageteaching.StatisticsshowthatmanymiddleschoolstudentsespeciallythoseinthecountrysidearetaughtbytheGrammar-TranslationMethodandaretiedtoknowledgeaboutEnglishbuthavefewchancestopracticelisteningandspeaking.SincetheGrammar-TranslationMethodlaystoogreatemphasisongrammar,manyinvestigatorsbelievethismethodwhichisoppositetothepurposeofthetextwillproducenegativeeffect.Althoughthetraditionalmethodmayhelpdevelopstudents’communicativecompetencetosomeextent,whichisnowbelievedbymanyappliedlinguists(forinstance,Larsen-Freeman,2002),itcannotachieveasmuchastheCA--CommunicativeApproach(ThetermCommunicativeLanguageTeachingisalsousedsometimes).
NotethattheCommunicativeApproachsuggestedinthisthesisissomewhatacompromisemethod.Traditionalproceduresarenotsimplyrejectedbutarereinterpretedandextended.Languageknowledgeisintroducedinacontext,grammaticalitemsareisolatedforcontrolledpractice,andthenanumberoffreeactivitiesareprovidedtoreinforcewhattheydeduce.
Hopefully,thisthesiswillprovideseniormiddleschoolteacherswithsomeinsightsintogrammarteachingandmorepreferablytheywillsettothinkabouttheirgrammarteachingmethods.
Thisthesisconsistsoffiveparts.Somebasicconceptsofgrammarandgrammarteaching,andthecurrentsituationofgrammarteachingwillbeconcludedinparttwo.PartthreeistheliteraturereviewrelevanttotheCA,andsometheoriesoftheapplicationofCAandgrammarteachingismentioned.Inpartfour,itshowstheexperiment,andsomeresultsanddiscussionsconcernedwiththeexperimentarepresentedinthispart,andthenfollowedbytheconclusion.
2.Englishgrammarteaching
Inlastsection,itsummarizesthestructureofthethesissimply.Thissectionmainlyintroducessomenotionsaboutgrammarteaching.
2.1Thedefinitionofgrammar
Whatisgrammar?
InOxfordAdvancedLearner’sEnglish-ChineseDictionary(2004:
762-63),grammarisreferredtoas:
n.1.[U]therulesinalanguageforchangingtheformofwordsandjoiningthemintosentences;
2.[U]aperson’sknowledgeanduseofalanguage;
3.[C]abookcontainingadescriptionoftherulesofalanguage;
4.[C](linguistic)aparticulartheorythatisintendedtoexplaintherulesofalanguageoroflanguageingeneral.LongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglishdefinesgrammaras“thestudyofuseoftherulesbywhichwordsch