浅析英汉翻译中的不对等性Word格式.docx

浅析英汉翻译中的不对等性Word格式.docx

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Abstract

EugeneA.Nida,theAmericaneminenttheoreticianontranslationproposedthestandardoftranslation--"

functionalequivalence"

.Headvocatedthetranslationsandtheoriginalsfortheequivalenceonfunctionofthelanguage,ratherthanontheformalofthelanguage.PeterNewmark,theEnglisheducatorandtheoristontranslationalsomentionedthat"

Inmyview,'

equivalent'

isnotsomuchthepurposeofanytranslation,butadesirableresult."

Bothofthetranslationscholarsmentionedabovehaveindicatedtotheneedfortranslationof"

equivalent"

butinrealityitisverydifficulttograsp,becausethetranslationisoneofthemostcomplexandmostdifficultactivities,itinvolvespeople'

scognitive,aesthetic,language,culturalawareness,translationknowledgeandmanyotherfactors.Equivalentisjustanidealstateweareinthepursuitofinthetranslationofpractice,whichcouldnotachieveinourreality.

Inthisessay,IdescribetheinequivalenceinEnglish-Chinesetranslationfromfouraspects--thevocabulary,partofspeech,thinkingdifferencesandculturaldifferences,andputforwardthemethodthathowtohandletherelationshipbetweeninequivalenceandequivalencetoachievethebestresultsbyanglicizingconcreteexamples.

Keywords:

Chinese-Englishtranslation；

inequivalence；

中文摘要

美国当代著名的翻译理论家尤金.奈达（EugeneA.Nida）提出了“功能对等”（functionalequivalence）的翻译标准，他主张让Translation和原文在语言的功能上对等，而不是在语言的形式上对应。

英国翻译教育家和理论家彼得.纽马克（PeterNewmark）也曾提到“在我看来，‘等效’与其说是任何翻译的目的，还不如说是一种可取的结果。

”这两位翻译学者都提及翻译中需要“对等”，但是在现实当中却是很难把握的，因为翻译是人类最复杂、最困难的活动之一，它涉及人的认知、审美、语言文化素养、对翻译的认识等诸多因素，这种“对等”只是人们在翻译实践活动中所追求的一种理想状态，要达到绝对的对等是不可能的。

本文主要先阐述英汉翻译中不对等性的定义，从词汇、语序、思维差异、文化差异等4个方面阐述了英汉翻译中存在的不对等现象，而且以具体实例为切入点,提出在翻译过程中如何处理好对等与不对等的辩证关系,以求达到最佳的翻译效果。

关键词：

汉英翻译；

不对等性；

解决

1.Introduction

Asweallknow,translationisakindofcross-language,cross-culturalcommunicativeactivitythatusesalanguagetoexpressthemeaninginanotherlanguagetoconveythemtomeettheneedsofcommunicationthoughtsandculturestopromotethesocialcivilization,inparticular,topromoteathrivingtargetlanguagecultureandtheEnglishtranslationisanactivitythatthetranslatorconvertstheEnglishtextwrittenforEnglishreaderstotheChinesereaders.

Inatext,wecanexpressitsmainsignificancewithanotherlanguage,butitisabsolutelyimpossibletoachieve100percentofthe"

equivalent"

and"

faithful"

asanykindoflanguagewillbeinfluencedbyitsspecificcultural.GuanShijie,theprofessorinDepartmentofJournalismandCommunicationofBeijingUniversity,mentionedthat"

Translationisnotcompletelypossible,andcompletelytheimpossibleisnot.alltheworld'

stranslationactivitiesareconductedinthesetwoextremes."

inhisbookcross-culturalstudy.

.Headvocatedthetranslationsandtheoriginalsfortheequivalenceonfunctionofthelanguage,ratherthanontheformalofthelanguage.Hisbook“translationtheoryandmethod"

，whichwrittenbyhimselfandCharlesRTaber，tellsthatthetranslationisfromthesemantictothestyleinthetargetlanguageusingthemostproximateandmostnaturalreproductionoftheoriginallanguageoftheotherlanguageinformation.BothFanCunzhong'

s"

accurate"

andTaberandNida’smeaningof"

reciprocity"

theyonlyreflectakindoftranslationcommunityvisionandgoals.Onelanguageiscompletelyre-expressthemselvespossiblewithanotherlanguage,butentirelyaccurateisimpossible.Languageistheshellofthinking,humanthinkingisdecidedbytheexist.Aseachlanguagehasitsownuniquenationalhistory,nationalcultureandnationalpsychologybackground.Therefore,thisgulfbetweentheChineseandEnglishisself-evident.

2.Literaturereview

EnglishTranslationoftheunequalnatureofthesubjectinaforeigncountryhasmoreinresearch,particularlyintheforeigntranslationindustry,whichonthissubjectmorein-depthanalysisandresearch,foreignstudyforthisissuetofocusonfromthenationalandculturaldifferences,theasymmetryoflanguage.Domesticandexoticculturaldifferencesandtrytomakethesedifferencesdisappearinthetranslationprocess,whileinthetargetlanguagetofindaccuratewordstoaforeigncultureisreproducedinthetargetlanguage.Americancontemporarytranslationtheorists-Eugene.Nida（EugeneA.Nida）proposedthe"

Functional"

（functionalequivalence）thetranslationofstandardsontranslationindustryhasanimportantinfluence.

Apartfromculturaldifferencestoproveunequalnatureoftranslation,thetrans