英美概况课后练习答案Word格式文档下载.docx
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-TheU.K.issituatedinNorthwesternEurope,lyingtothenorthofFranceandthewestoftheNetherlandsandDenmark.ItismadeupofEngland,Scotland,Wales,andNorthernIreland.Itstotalareais242534squarekilometers.
WhatarethepresentfeaturesoftheclimateofBritain?
-Britainhasamaritimec1imate--wintersarenottoocoldandsummersare:
nottoohot.Therefore,itstemperaturevarieswithinasmallrange,rarelyfallingbelow-5'
Cinwinterorrisingabout24'
Cinsummer.Sunshinehoursarefewerinmoresoutherlyclimates
The"
backboneofEngland"
:
ItreferstothePennines,arangeofhillsextendingabout257kmsouthwardfromtheCheviotHillsontheScottishbordertocentralEngland.
Whatpercentageofthecountry'
swaterrequirementsareobtainedfromundergroundsources?
-About38%ofthecountry'
swaterrequirementsdependonundergroundsources.
ChapterIIIEconomy
WhatarethecharacteristicsoftheBritisheconomy?
-TheBritisheconomywasthefirsttohavebeenfullyindustrialized.Britainwasoneoftheworld'
smostadvancedmanufacturingandtradingnations.Thepoundsterlingistheexchangecurrencyforaboutonethirdoftheworld'
sforeigntrade.Theagriculturedoesnotproduceenoughfoodtomeetthecountry'
sbasicneedsandpartofallvitalfoodstuffshastobeimported.Thelaborforceishomogeneous.
ChapterVTheMainCities
WhichcityisthecapitalofEnglandandGreatBritain?
IsitthepoliticalcentreoftheCommonwealth?
-LondonisthecapitalofEngland,anditisalsothepoliticalcentreoftheCommonwealth.
WhatdoesLondonconsistofadministratively?
-LondonadministrativelyconsistsofthecityofLondon,theoriginalnucleus,retainingamedievalsystemofgovernmentofcourtsofaldermenandanelectedlordmayor;
andGreaterLondonametropolitancounty,madeupofInnerLondonboroughsand20OuterLondonboroughs.
GreaterLondon:
Itisametropolitancounty(pop.7million),madeupof12InnerLondonboroughs,20OuterLondonboroughs.
PartThreeCulture
ChapterIEducation
Howmanyyearsdoesapupilstudyataprimarystateschool?
-Sixyears,fromtheageoffivetoeleven.
Whichtypeofschoolsenrollsthetoppupilsatsecondaryeducation?
-Grammarschoolsenrollsthetoppupilsatsecondaryeducation.
HowmanytypesofuniversitiesarethereinBritain?
Whichtwouniversitiesarethemostfamousones?
-Therearefivetypes:
1)olduniversities,2)thefourScottishuniversities,3):
themiddle-ageduniversities,4)thenewuniversities,5)theOpenUniversity,andBuckinghamUniversity(independentuniversity).OxfordandCambridgearetheoldestandthemostfamousintheworld.
Howare"
public"
schoolsfinanced?
-PublicschoolsintheUKarefinancedmainlybyfeespaidbyparentsandprivatefunds.
EtonCollege:
ItisoneofthelargestindependentsecondaryschoolsinEnglandandoneofthemostprestigious.
Howdoyouunderstand"
Marriagesignifiesthebeginningofanewandindependentfamily"
?
-Britishsocietyisbasedonfamilylifeandthefamilyisaself-containedeconomicandsocialunitwithmother,fatherandchildrenlivingtogetheraloneintheirownhouse.Somarriagesignifiesthebeginningofanewandindependentfamily.
Howdothenewlywedssolvetheproblemofhousing?
-1)Theylookthroughadvertisementstofindahouseforrent.2)Theymaymortgageahousethroughabuildingsociety.3)Iftheyhaveenoughmoneytheymaybuyahouse,butthisseldomhappens.
WhatisthefirstcourseofanEnglishlunch?
DoyouthinkitsimilarordifferentfromtheChinesewayofservingfood?
-ThefirstcourseofanEnglishlunchisasmallquantityofsoup.ItisdifferentfromtheChinesewayofservingfood.InChinathisisusuallythelastcourse.
CanyoushowusanexampleoftheconservativecharacteristicoftheBritishpeople?
-OneexampleisthattheBritishpeoplehavebeenslowadoptingrationalreforms,suchasthemetricsystem.
SomepeoplesaythattheEnglishmanislikeacoldfishthathasjustcomeoutoftheice.Whatdoyouthinkofthat?
-Thismaybetrue.TheBritishpeoplearecoldbynature.Theydonotshowtheirfeelingsverymuchanddonotshowtheiremotioniftheyareveryhappyandneitherdotheyiftheyaresad.Forexample,whenyouworkatafactory,theguywhomyouworkwithnevertellsyouanythingabouthimself.Youmayworkwithhimforyears,yetyouevendon'
tknowwherehelives,howmanychildrenhehasandwhathisinterestsare.
fierceindividualism:
Itistheideathattherightsandfreedomoftheindividualarethemostimportantrights.
exclusiveness:
Thisisthebest-knownqualityoftheBritishpeople.Itmeans,"
IamEnglish.You