概要写作练习Word下载.docx

概要写作练习Word下载.docx

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《普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语科考试说明》

概要写作：

提供一篇350词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇60词左右的内容概要。

（满分25分）

词数少于40的和多余80的，从总分中减去2分

评分原则

1、本题总分为25分，按5个档次给分。

2、评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。

3、词数少于40的和多于80的，从总分中减去2分。

评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑：

（1）对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；

（2）应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；

（3）上下文的连贯性；

（4）对各要点表达的独立性情况；

Argumentation（议论文）FormsofLiterature

Exposition（说明文）

Narration（记叙文）

Argumentation（议论文）

TopicSupportingideas

Conclusion

概要写作（满分25分）阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。

（Para1）Gettingridofdirt,intheopinionofmostpeople,isagoodthing.However,thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.

（Para2）Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtinafriendlyway.HenryIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.（Para3）Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslong-lived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientificallyspeaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea;

clothesneedtobewhiterthanwhite,clothseversofter,surfacestoshine.Hasthehatefordirt,however,gonetoofar?

（Para4）Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist（免疫学家）,encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatterpositionisgainingsomeground.

Step1:

Read

①topicsentence:

Thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt②structure③supportingideas

Findoutthetopicsentenceofeachparagraph

Youmayneedtopayattentiontosomewordslike:

think,believe,consider,regard,argue,support,beconvincedthat,inone’sopinion,fromone’spointofview

Para2:

Intheearly16thcentury,peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease,asmedicalopinionhaditthatwashingoffdirtwithhotwatercouldopenuptheskinandletillsin.Aparticulardangerwasthoughttolieinpublicbaths.By1538,theFrenchkinghadclosedthebathhousesinhiskingdom.SodidthekingofEnglandin1546.ThusbeganalongtimewhentherichandthepoorinEuropelivedwithdirtEuropeaninafriendlyway.HenryExamplesofsomecountriesIV,KingofFrance,wasfamouslydirty.Uponlearningthatanoblemanhadtakenabath,thekingorderedthat,toavoidtheattackofdisease,thenoblemanshouldnotgoout.

（Para3）Thoughthebeliefinthemeritofdirtwaslonglived,dirthasnolongerbeenregardedasaniceneighboreversincethe18thcentury.Scientifically?

speaking,cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth.Cleanwatersupplyandhandwashingarepracticalmeansofpreventingdisease.Yet,itseemsthatstandardsofcleanlinesshavemovedbeyondsciencesinceWorldWarⅡ.Advertisementsrepeatedlyselltheidea;

（Para4）Attitudestodirtstilldifferhugelynowadays.Manyfirst-timeparentsnervouslytrytowarntheirchildrenofftouchingdirt,whichmightberesponsibleforthespreadofdisease.Onthecontrary,MaryRuebush,anAmericanimmunologist（免疫学家）,encourageschildrentoplayinthe

dirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem.Andthelatter

positionisgainingsomeground.

Step2:

Make

anoutline

Topic:

Thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt

Inthesuppor16thcentury-ting（Para2）Ideassince18thcentury（Para3）nowadays（Para4）

Peoplethoughtthatdirtontheskinwasameanstoblockoutdisease

…hasnolongerbeenregardedas…cleaningawaydirtisgoodtohealth…encourageschildrentoplayinthedirttobuildupastrongimmunesystem

Step3:

Rewrite

thesentencesinotherways

①Thereisnothingfixedaboutattitudestodirt.different,mixed,various

反义转换

towardsopinions,views,ideas

同义词替换

句型转换

Theattitudestodirtisnotalwaysthesame.▲Peop