虚拟语气MOOD全英教案Word文件下载.docx

虚拟语气MOOD全英教案Word文件下载.docx

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Theforcesofthethirdworldaregrowingfromdaytoday.（affirmativestatement）

Shedidn’thelpmewithmywork.（negativestatement）

WillitdoifweletyouhaveananswerbyFriday?

（question）

Howhotitistoday!

（exclamation）

10.3Theimperativemood（will-mood意志语气）conveysthespeaker’swilltourgethepersonaddressedtofulfilanaction.Thismaybeexpressedintheformofacommand,arequest,awarning,etc.

1）Ithasonlyonesimpleform（i.e.theplainrootformoftheverb）forthesecondpersonsingularorplural,e.g.

Givehimwhathelpyoucan.

Donotmakethesamemistakeagain.

Thesubjectofanimperativeisseldomexpressedunlessitisemphatic.Ifitisemphatic,thesubjectisplacedbeforetheverbintheusualplaceofthesubject,e.g.

Youbemorecareful.（Lawrence）

“Don’tyouloseaminute.”（Conrad）

Withthefirstandthethirdpersonitisprecededby“let”（or“have”）andanaccusative,e.g.

Letmesee.（让我想一想，让我看一看。

）

Letushelpyou.（让我们帮助你吧。

Let’sgo.（Thesecondpersonisincludedin“us”,whichisshortenedto‘s.）（咱们走吧。

2）Theimperativemoodmaybeusedtoexpressaconditioninacompoundsentence,e.g.

Makehasteandyouwillaccomplishtheworkontime.（Ifyoumakehaste,youwillaccomplishtheworkontime.）

3）Theemphaticimperativeisformedwiththehelpoftheauxiliaryverb“do”,e.g.

Doworkharder.

Dobesilent.

4）“Willyou?

”isoftenaddedtotheimperative,e.g.

Bringmethatdictionary,willyou?

5）“Shallwe?

”isoftenaddedtosuchanimperativesentenceasfollows:

Let’sgo,shallwe?

10.4Thesubjunctivemood（thought-mood想象语气）doesn’trefertofactsbutthespeaker’sthought.Itexpresseswishes,suggestions,supposition,etc.,e.g.

IwishIcouldseehimimmediately.---wish（thefactisthatIcan’tseehimimmediately.）

Hesuggeststhattheregulations[should]berevisedatonce.----suggestion（Whethertheregulationswillberevisedatonceisuncertainthoughhesuggestthattheyshould.）

IfIhadhadtimelastweek,Ishouldhavecometoseeyou.-----supposition.

（Ihadnotimelastweek,soIdidn’tcometoseeyou.）

10.5TheUseoftheSubjunctiveintheUnrealConditionalSentence

Conditionalsentencesmaybedividedintotwokinds:

realconditionalsentencesandunrealconditionalsentences.Bothrefertosupposition.

1）Insentencesofrealconditiontheindicativemoodisusedbecausethesuppositionmay

cometrue,e.g.

Youcanfinishtheworkbyyourselfifyoutryhard.

Ifitrains,Ishallstayathome.

2）Inunrealconditionalsentencestheverbsareinthesubjunctivemoodbecausethe

suppositioninsuchsentencesiseitherdoubtfulorcontrarytothefact,e.g

IfIwereyou（but,infact,Ican’tbeyou）Iwouldstudymuchharder.----contrarytothefact

IfIshouldhavefreetimetomorrow（butIdon’tthinkIshallhavefreetime）,Iwouldhelpyouwithyourgrammar.-------futuredoubtfulsupposition

Comparethefollowing:

a.IamsurewhetherI’llseehim.（indicative）

ButifIseehim,Iwillaskhimtocome.（realcondition）

b.Ididn’tmeethimthere.（indicative）

IfIhadmethimthere,Iwouldhaveaskedhimtocome.（unrealcondition）

3）Asentenceofunrealconditionmayrefertothepresent,thepast,orthefuture.Itmay

alsorefertonoparticulartime.Thefollowingarevariousverbformsforitaccordingtosenseandsomepointsforattention:

（a）Suppositioncontrarytothepresentfact

In“If”Clause

In“Result”Clause

Verbfrom

thepastfrom

should/would+rootform

Example

Ifhehadmoretimenow,hewouldlendhishelptothework

Indication（Understood）

ButIknowthathehasnomoretimenow.

Otherexamples:

Ifhewereherenow,hewouldnotletthematterendthisway（butheisnothere）

HowniceitwouldbeifIweretherenow.

Note1）Withtheverb“tobe”,“were”isusedforallpersonsandbothnumbersinthepast

form.Incolloquialspeech,“was”isoftenusedinsteadof“were”forthefirstandthethirdpersonsingular.Nevertheless,wemustsay“IfI（he,she）were（notwas）you…”

Note2）Theaboveverbformisalsousedinthesuppositioncontrarytothefactreferringtonoparticulartime,e.g.

Iftherewerenowater,therewouldbenolifeontheearth.

Nomatterhowperfectthebird’swingis,itcouldneverlift