旅游市场营销外文文献Word文件下载.docx

旅游市场营销外文文献Word文件下载.docx

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holistic,integrated 

view 

marketing,considering 

social 

equity,environmental 

protection,and 

livability.The 

seeks 

examine 

theevolving 

model 

for 

environment.The 

naturally 

occurs 

by 

tracing 

evolutionof 

approaches 

production,sales,and 

consumer 

orientation 

alternatives 

such 

associetal,causal,green,responsible,and 

relationship 

marketing.Adapting 

living 

system 

theory 

marketing,a 

sustainable 

integrates 

into 

larger 

holistic 

context 

and 

focuses 

on 

aquality 

life 

all 

stakeholders 

system.While 

alternative 

include 

societalconsideration 

as 

impacts 

environmental 

segmentation 

strategies,this 

considers 

triplebottom 

line 

more 

objectives 

an 

integrated 

marketing.

suggests 

that 

needs 

be 

explored 

further.The 

illustrates 

how 

marketingcan 

urban 

strategies.Instead 

viewing 

separate 

profitindustry,the 

integration 

holistic,sustainable,quality 

approachof 

communities.

Keywords 

Sustainable 

development,Tourism 

development,Tourism,Marketing,United 

States 

America

Introduction

Partially 

shunned 

little 

understood,some 

people 

perceive 

oxymoron 

insustainable 

where 

much 

is"

hijacked 

'

promotion'

"

（[3]Clarke,2002）.Destination 

marketingactivities 

are 

synonymous 

with 

creating 

images 

and"

selling 

places"

standard 

activities 

arecreating 

state 

brochures 

advertising 

campaigns.

Few 

researchers 

practitioners 

have 

challenged 

traditional 

views 

marketing.At 

best,[14]Middletonand 

Hawkins 

（1998,p.8） 

provide 

perspective 

that:

...is 

essentially 

overall 

management 

reflecting 

corporate 

attitudes 

that,...must 

balance 

interests 

ofshareholders/owners 

long-run 

destination 

at 

same 

time 

meet 

thedemands 

expectations 

customers.

While 

their 

analyzing 

communicating 

best 

practices 

laudable,it 

stays 

within 

theboundaries 

paradigm,"

balancing"

interests,and 

thereforeruns 

danger 

compromising 

rather 

than 

offering 

profound 

discipline 

This 

examines 

evolution 

marketing,suggests 

framework 

sustainablemarketing 

tourism,and 

implications.

conceptual 

follows 

practice 

relevant 

theories,concepts 

motherdiscipline 

marketing,relating 

comparing 

research 

domain.During 

mid-1980sto 

mid-1990s,a 

small 

but 

outspoken 

branch 

green 

andpractices,challenging 

exchange 

theories.In 

tourism,[6]Haywood 

（1990） 

and[20]Walle（1998） 

pioneered 

critically 

concept 

asked 

a"

broader 

balancedview 

marketing."

A"

broader"

refers 

considering 

developing 

destinationmarketing 

accordingly.[20]Walle 

（1998） 

examining 

philosophical 

changes 

macromarketing 

literature 

system-based 

approaches.This 

ontourism 

challenges 

model（STMM）.This 

attempts 

bring 

clarity 

confusing 

body 

language,terminology 

andalternative 

its 

use 

tourism.The 

evolving 

STMM 

signifies 

elaboratedfundamental 

shift.This 

new 

requires 

alternativeapproaches 

radically 

moving 

towards 

principles 

practices.

systemFor 

decades,researchers 

examined 

simple 

processbetween 

businesses 

consumers.Planners 

economists 

established 

supply 

（businesses 

andcommunity 

resources） 

demand 

（tourist 

markets） 

sides,including 

linkages 

transportation 

marketingcommunications.Marketing 

directs 

flow 

products 

producer 

consumer.Expanded 

modelsanalyze 

geographic 

flows 

tourists 

side 

issues