初中英语从句时态Word下载.doc
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Doyouknowwhichsweatersheiswearing?
(不是isshe)
2.状语从句:
1主句若是一般将来时、祈使句或含不表过去的情态动词等,则if(如果),unless(除非),when(当…的时候),assoonas(一…就…),before,after,until,till,as(当…的时候)所引导的状语从句用一般现在时。
Youmaytakearestwhenyoufinishdoingyourwork.
IwillcallyouupifIleaveforShanghainextweek.
Waitforyourbrotheratthebusstationuntilhearrives.
2而主句若是一般过去时,从句也要用过去时,如:
IwouldgivethemoneytothecharityifIhadamilliondollars.
Whenhegottothepark,hisclassmateshadleft.
Mysonrantowardsmeassoonashesawmeonthestreet.
3.定语从句:
关系代词who只指人,which只指物。
that既可指人又可指物。
whose后必须跟有名词,既指人,也可指物。
关系词作主语时,不可省略,作宾语时可省略。
whom只指人,只作宾语。
关系副词where指“在那里”,when指“在那时”。
Sheisagirlwho/thatisbeautifulandkind-hearted.
Sheisagirl(who/whom/that)Iknowverywell.
Thatboywhosehairisverylongismybrother.(所属)
Thegirlwhoistallismysister./Iownabikewhosepriceishigh.
Iboughtawatch(which/that)Ipaid100yuanfor.(指物)
Ipreferaplacewhich/thatiscleanandquiet.
IpreferaplacewhereIcanliveaquietlife.(在这儿)
Ishallneverforgetthedaywhenaboyhelpedmefindmydog.
4.wish和hope:
1wish可接todosth./sbtodosth./that从句.
IwishtospendmysummerholidayinQingdao.
IwishyoutojoinmypartythisSunday.
Iwish(that)Icouldbeascientist.
2hope接todosth.或that从句.但不接sbtodosth.
Ihopetoreceivealetterfromyousomeday.
Ihope(that)everythinggoeswell./Ihopeyouwillgetwellsoon.
5.thanksfor和thanksto:
Thanksforyourhelpingmewiththework.
(表达对对方为自己做了某事的感谢,后无补充的结果。
)
Thankstoyoursuggestion,Ididn’tmakesuchmistakes.
(表达感谢由于某方所做的有利的事,出现了后面的结果。
6.感官动词用法之一:
see,hear,listento,watch,notice,feel等词,后接宾语,再接动词原形/动词ing,分别表示全过程和正在进行。
句中有频率词时,以上的词也常跟动词原形。
IheardsomeoneknockingatthedoorwhenIfellasleep.(正进行)
Iheardsomeoneknockatthedoorthreetimes.(听的是全过程)
Ioftenwatchmyclassmatesplayvolleyballafterschool.(频率词)
若以上词用于被动语态,后面原有动词原形改为带to不定式:
Wesawhimgointotherestaurantwithhiswife.→
Hewasseentogointotherestaurantwithhiswife.
7.感官动词用法之二:
look,sound,smell,taste,feel可当系动词,后接形容词。
Helooks.Itsoundsgood.Theflowerssmellbeautil.Thesweetstastesweet.Thesilkfeelssoft.Ifelttired.
这些动词不用于被动语态。
Thesweetsaretastedsweet.是错误的。
注意:
如果加介词like,则后不可接形容词,而接名词或代词:
Helookslikehismother.Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.
Itsmellslikeaflower.
Ittasteslikesalt.
8.find和think部分用法:
+宾语+宾语补足语。
(代替宾从)
宾补有以下情况:
1.名词短语,Johnfoundhissonacleverboy.
2.形容词短语,Mrs.Smiththinksherhusbandkindoflazy.
3.有时宾补后可接带to不定式,Ifoundithardtofoolthegirl.
9.wouldlike/want/feellike:
1wouldlike,和want类似:
◇都可接名词短语:
Iwouldlike/wantanotherthreedesks.◇都可接带to不定式:
Iwouldlike/wanttogooutforawalk.◇都可接sb,然后再跟带to不定式:
Iwouldlikeyoutogivemeahand.
2feellike:
◇后也可接名词短语:
Doyoufeellikesometea?
◇后若接动词,须用动词ing形式:
Doyoufeellikehavingawalk?
Idon’tfeellikedrinkingtea.【feellike常用于疑问句或否定句中。
】
10.词序易错的短语:
1形容词修饰不定代词或不定副词,形容词在后面。
Isthereanythingdeliciousinthefridge?
Nothingserious.
Thereissomethingwrongwiththecomputer.
Iwanttogosomewherewarm.
2else修饰疑问词和不定代词、不定副词,也放在后面。
Whatelsecanyouseeinthepicture?
Whoelseisintheroom?
Doyouhaveanythingelsetosay?
Whereelsecanyouseeit?
3enough修饰形容词和副词,enough放在后面。
Thissweaterischeapenough.Nemoisoldenoughtowork.
Heranfastenoughtocatchupwiththedog.
11.对“评价”、“天气”的提问之区别:
1Whatdoyouthinkof…?
=
Howdoyoulike…?
“你对…怎么看?
”(How…?
句中有like,是动词。
)2What’stheweatherlikein…?
=Howistheweatherin…?
“…的天气什么样?
”(What…?
句中有like,是介词“像”。
12.take,cost,pay,spend区别:
1It+take+sb+sometime+todosth.
Ittookushalfanhourtocutdownthetree.
2物+cost+sb+钱:
Thebagcostmethirtyyuan.(cost,cost,cost)
若cost后无sb,则译作“价钱是”:
Thebagcosts30Yuan.
3人+pay+sb+钱+forsth:
Ipaidtheseller200Yuanforthebike.(pay,paid,paid).(pay后所加内容可视具体情况取舍。
4人+spend+时间/钱+onsth/(in)doingsth.
Thegirlspenttwohours(in)searchingtheInternet.
Thegirlalwaysspendsmuchmoneyonherclothes.
spend有时可指“度过”:
spendholiday/weekends/winter
13.双宾结构:
pass/give/teach/offer/lend/send/sell/call/show/buy/
ask/tell/build等可加双宾结构。
即后接sb+sth.
其中pass,give,offer,lend,send