初三定语从句PPT课件PPT格式课件下载.ppt
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例:
ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate.Themanwhowasdrivingtoofastwasdrunk.,关系代词如何引导定语从句普通代词与关系代词的区别Ihaveasister.SheworksinShanghai.代替sister普通代词:
只起代替的作用(如上例she)Ihaveasisterwho/thatworksinShanghai.关系代词:
(如上例who/which),1.代替先行词;
2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分;
3.同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。
(把主句和从句连起来),Thebuildingisourschool.Thebuildingstandsbytheriver.,关系代词的使用取决于先行词,它们的关系非常密切,因为关系代词在定语从句中代替主句中的先行词,所以它在一般情况下都跟在先行词之后,而且它的人称、数必须和先行词一致。
Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsbytheriverisourschool.先行词关系词定语从句,which/that是关系代词,它在从句中代替先行词thebuilding,同时担任从句中的主语,也起连词的作用,把两个简单句连接起来。
关系词判断步骤:
首先,要看先行词。
如果先行词是指人,关系代词可用who,that,whom,whose。
如果先行词指物,关系代词可用which或that;
然后,要确定关系词在从句中的成分。
请看下表,最后,定语从句谓语动词和先行词一致.注:
定语从句的时态不受主句的限制。
Thewomanwho/thatspokeatthemeetingyesterdayismymother.(主句)Thewomanismymother.(叙述客观事实用一般现在时)(从句)Thewoman(who/that)spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(句中yesterday表示过去时间),thetallthestrongtheclever,boy,TheboyisTom.,TheboywhoistallisTom.,TheboywhoisstrongisTom,TheboywhoiscleverisTom,TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.,TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.,TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语),TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.,TheboyisTom.Hesitsinfrontofme.,TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisTom.,Themaniskind.Everyonelikeshim.,Theman(who)everyonelikesiskind.(宾语),Thewomangotthejob.Wesawheronthestreet.,Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetgotthejob.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.,Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.,关系代词,1.who指人,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略),Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.,Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.,2.whom指人,作宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Theman(whom/who)ItalkedtoisMr.Li.,ThemantowhomItalkedisMr.Li.,关系代词,3.whose是代词的所有格形式,它既可以代人也可以代物。
Pleaseshowmethebook.Itscoverisred.Pleaseshowmethebookwhosecoverisred.,Isawawoman.Herbagwasstolen.Isawawomanwhosebagwasstolen.,apple,theredthegreenthesmallthebig,Theapplewhichisredismine.,Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.,Theapplewhichisredissmall,Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.,Canyoufindthepen?
Iwrotewithitjustnow.,CanyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?
Canyoufindthepen(which)Iwrotewithjustnow?
4.which指物,作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略,如介词提前则不能省),Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,TheTVset(which)heboughtyesterdayismadeinJapan.,Isthisthelibrary(which)youborrowbooksfrom?
Isthisthelibraryfromwhichyouborrowbooks?
1)Thisisthehero(whom)weareproudof.Thisistheheroofwhomweareproud.Thisisthehero(that)weareproudof.,2)Theroom(that)Iliveinisverybig.Theroom(which)Iliveinisverybig.TheroominwhichIliveisverybig.TheroomwhereIliveisverybig.,注意:
固定动介词组不可分割,介词不能提前.例如:
lookafter,lookat,关系代词与介词:
介词放在关系代词的前面时,介词宾语只能用which代物,用whom代人。
(介词在末尾时,关系词可以省略),定语从句中需注意事项有些情况下只用关系词that,而不宜用which1.从句所修饰的词又被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时Thisisthemostinterestingstory(that)Ihaveeverheard.Thefirstmeeting(that)wewilltakepartinwillbeheldintheafternoon.2.先行词是something,nothing,anything等不定代词时Hereissomething(that)Iwilltellyou.,3.先行词既有人也有物时,只能用thatIcanrememberwellthepersonsandsomepictures(that)Isee.4.先行词是oneof,theone,或用little,much,few,no,all,some,any,theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast作修饰时Isittheonethatyouwant?
IhaventgotmuchthatIcanofferyou.5.当主句已有疑问词who或which时,用thatWhoisthewomanthatwaspraisedatthemeeting?
注:
who、that在指人可以通用,但下列宜用who,不用that1).先行词是anyone,someone,those时,关系词使用whoThosewhowanttogototheGreatWallsignuphere.Isthereanyonewhowantstogothere?
2).在therebe句型中,先行词指人,关系词用whoThereisanoldmanwhowantstoseeyou.Therearemanyyoungmenwhoareagainsthim.,关系副词,关系副词是用来引导定语从句的,它和关系代词一样,在从句中代替先行词,在句中作状语。
where:
在从句中作地点状语,指代地点.when:
在从句中作时间状语,指代时间。
1.Thehotelwasntclean.+Westayedatthehotel.,Thehotelwherewestayedwasntclean.Thehotelatwhichwestayedwasntclean.Thehotel(which)westayedatwasntclean.,2.Illneverforgettheday.IjoinedtheLeagueonthatday.IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheLeague.IllneverforgetthedayonwhichIjoinedtheLeague.,
(1)Thescientistisveryfamousintheworld.Wemetheryesterday.,Thescientistwemetyesterdayisverywhofamousintheworld.whomthat,
(2)Thedressisnew.Sheiswearingit.,Thedressthatsheiswearingisnew.which,(3)Heisthekindperson.Ihaveeverworkedwithhim.,(4)Thisisthebestfilm.Ihaveeverseenthisfilm.,HeisthekindpersonthatIhaveeverworkedwhowith.whom,ThisisthebestfilmthatIhaveeverseen.,单项选择。
1.Thisisthejob_theylaughedat.A.whichB.asC.itD.who2.BeihaiParkisabeautifulpark_builtabout300yearsago.A.wherewasB.thatwereC.whichwasD.where3.Whowasthegrey-hairedman_atyesterdaysmeetin