digital-Fundamental-数电英文PPT推荐.ppt

digital-Fundamental-数电英文PPT推荐.ppt

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,DigitalFundamentalsTenthEditionFloyd,2008PearsonEducation,Chapter1,Mostnaturalquantitiesthatweseeareanalogandvarycontinuously.Analogsystemscangenerallyhandlehigherpowerthandigitalsystems.,Summary,Digitalsystemscanprocess,store,andtransmitdatamoreefficientlybutcanonlyassigndiscretevaluestoeachpoint.,AnalogQuantities,Manysystemsuseamixofanaloganddigitalelectronicstotakeadvantageofeachtechnology.AtypicalCDplayeracceptsdigitaldatafromtheCDdriveandconvertsittoananalogsignalforamplification.,Summary,AnalogandDigitalSystems,Digitalelectronicsusescircuitsthathavetwostates,whicharerepresentedbytwodifferentvoltagelevelscalledHIGHandLOW.Thevoltagesrepresentnumbersinthebinarysystem.,Summary,BinaryDigitsandLogicLevels,Inbinary,asinglenumberiscalledabit（forbinarydigit）.Abitcanhavethevalueofeithera0ora1,dependingonifthevoltageisHIGHorLOW.,HIGH,LOW,VH（max）,VH（min）,VL（max）,VL（min）,Invalid,DigitalwaveformschangebetweentheLOWandHIGHlevels.ApositivegoingpulseisonethatgoesfromanormallyLOWlogicleveltoaHIGHlevelandthenbackagain.Digitalwaveformsaremadeupofaseriesofpulses.,Summary,DigitalWaveforms,Actualpulsesarenotidealbutaredescribedbytherisetime,falltime,amplitude,andothercharacteristics.,Summary,PulseDefinitions,Periodicpulsewaveformsarecomposedofpulsesthatrepeatsinafixedintervalcalledtheperiod.Thefrequencyistherateitrepeatsandismeasuredinhertz.,Summary,PeriodicPulseWaveforms,Theclockisabasictimingsignalthatisanexampleofaperiodicwave.,Whatistheperiodofarepetitivewaveiff=3.2GHz?

@#@,313ps,Example,Solution,Summary,PulseDefinitions,Inadditiontofrequencyandperiod,repetitivepulsewaveformsaredescribedbytheamplitude（A）,pulsewidth（tW）anddutycycle.DutycycleistheratiooftWtoT.,Amplitude（A）,Pulsewidth（tW）,Period,T,Atimingdiagramisusedtoshowtherelationshipbetweentwoormoredigitalwaveforms,Summary,TimingDiagrams,Adiagramlikethiscanbeobserveddirectlyonalogicanalyzer.,Datacanbetransmittedbyeitherserialtransferorparalleltransfer.,Summary,SerialandParallelData,Summary,BasicLogicFunctions,AND,OR,NOT,Trueonlyifallinputconditionsaretrue.,Trueonlyifoneormoreinputconditionsaretrue.,Indicatestheoppositecondition.,Summary,BasicSystemFunctions,And,or,andnotelementscanbecombinedtoformvariouslogicfunctions.Afewexamplesare:

@#@,Thecomparisonfunction,Basicarithmeticfunctions,Summary,BasicSystemFunctions,Theencodingfunction,Thedecodingfunction,Summary,BasicSystemFunctions,Thedataselectionfunction,Summary,BasicSystemFunctions,Thecountingfunction,andotherfunctionssuchascodeconversionandstorage.,Inputpulses,1,Counter,Paralleloutputlines,Binarycodefor1,Binarycodefor2,Binarycodefor3,Binarycodefor4,Binarycodefor5,Sequenceofbinarycodesthatrepresentthenumberofinputpulsescounted.,2,3,4,5,Summary,BasicSystemFunctions,Onetypeofstoragefunctionistheshiftregister,thatmovesandstoresdataeachtimeitisclocked.,Summary,IntegratedCircuits,CutawayviewofDIP（Dual-In-linePins）chip:

@#@,TheTTLseries,availableasDIPsarepopularforlaboratoryexperimentswithlogic.,Summary,Anexampleoflaboratoryprototypingisshown.ThecircuitiswiredusingDIPchipsandtested.,IntegratedCircuits,Inthiscase,testingcanbedonebyacomputerconnectedtothesystem.,DIPchips,Summary,IntegratedCircuits,DIPchipsandsurfacemountchips,Pin1,Dualin-linepackageSmalloutlineIC（SOIC）,Summary,IntegratedCircuits,Othersurfacemountpackages:

@#@,SOICPLCCLCCC,Summary,TestandMeasurementInstruments,Thefrontpanelcontrolsforageneral-purposeoscilloscopecanbedividedintofourmajorgroups.,Summary,TestandMeasurementInstruments,Summary,TestandMeasurementInstruments,Thelogicanalyzercandisplaymultiplechannelsofdigitalinformationorshowdataintabularform.,Summary,TestandMeasurementInstruments,0.01V,TheDMMcanmakethreebasicelectricalmeasurements.,Voltage,Resistance,Current,Indigitalwork,DMMsareusefulforcheckingpowersupplyvoltages,verifyingresistors,testingcontinuity,andoccasionallymakingothermeasurements.,Summary,ProgrammableLogic,Programmablelogicdevices（PLDs）areanalternativetofixedfunctiondevices.Thelogiccanbeprogrammedforaspecificpurpose.Ingeneral,theycostlessanduselessboardspacethatfixedfunctiondevices.,APALdeviceisaformofPLDthatusesacombinationofaprogrammableANDarrayandafixedORarray:

@#@,SelectedKeyTerms,AnalogDigitalBinaryBitPulse,Beingcontinuousorhavingcontinuousvalues.,Relatedtodigitsordiscretequantities;@#@havingasetofdiscretevalues.,Havingtwovaluesorstates;@#@describesanumbersystemthathasabaseoftwoandutilizes1and0asitsdigits.,Abinarydigit,whichcanbea