定语从句专题讲解课件(共53张PPT) (1)PPT资料.ppt

定语从句专题讲解课件(共53张PPT) (1)PPT资料.ppt

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,Thinkaboutit,agirlwholikesred.,Iknow,Learntodiscover,定语从句,在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。

两个句子,两个词,主句,从句,？

1.Iknowagirl,2.,wholikesred.,Jimreadsbooks,whicharefun.,主句,从句,完整的句子是主句,不完整的句子是从句,3.Doyouknowthethingsandpersons,thattheyaretalkingabout?

两个词,先行词,关系代词,被定语从句修饰的词,who,which,that,在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句,先行词：

被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

定语从句一般放在先行词后面。

而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。

关系词：

引导定语从句的词称为关系词。

关系词分为关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose）和关系副词（when,where,why）。

关系代词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，关系副词在句中作状语。

Maryisabeautifulgirl.,Maryisagirlwhoisbeautiful.,形容词作定语,句子作定语,修饰girl,叫做定语从句,Ilikemusicthat/whichIcandanceto.,先行词,关系代词,定语从句,Ilikethesingerwhoisbeautiful.,Ilikethemoviethatisfunny.,找一找,IstillrememberthefirsttimewhenImether.,Learntothink,关系代词,先行词,决定,先行词,关系代词,人,物,人和物,who,which,that,that,that,whom宾语,Maryisagirl.,Maryhaslonghair.,合并为一个句子,Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair.,Ihaveanapple.,Anappleisred.,Ihaveanapple,thatisred.,修饰先行词anapple,Ihavesomefriends.,Somefriendslikesports.,Ihavesomefriends,wholikesports.,修饰先行词friends,Ilikethemovie.Themovieisexciting.,Ilikethemoviethatisexciting.,that修饰先行词movie,Thewomanwholivesnextdoorisateacher.,Thewomanisateacher.,Thewomanlivesnextdoor.,who修饰先行词woman,Matchthetwosentences1.Imreadingabook.ThebookisaboutBillGates._2.Heisateacher.TheteacherteachesusChinese._3.Idontliketheman.Heissmoking._4.Whereisthepicture?

Youboughtitlastweek._,Imreadingabookthat/whichisaboutBillGates.,Heisateacherwho/thatteachesusChinese.,Idontlikethemanwhoissmoking.,Whereisthepicturethatyouboughtlastweek?

1.关系代词that,which引导的定语从句:

如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系代词应用that、which.（作主语或宾语）,Thisisadream.Thedreamwillnevercometrue.,Thisisadreamwhich/thatwillnevercometrue.,Thedoghasbeenfound.Thedogwaslost.,Thedogthat/whichwaslosthasbeenfound.,Practise:

1.Thisisthehouse.ThehouseisforsaleThisisthehousethat/whichisforsale.,which/that作主语.（不能省）,（作主语）,which/that作宾语：

（可省略）,Thisisthecard.Ivejustreceivedthecard.,Thisisthecardwhich/thatIvejustreceived.,Practise:

1.Thisisthemistake.Ialwaysmakemistake.Thisisthemistakewhich/thatIalwaysmake2.Istillkeeptheletters.Shewrotetheletterstome.Istillkeeptheletterswhichshewrotetome.,（）,（作宾语）,（）,2.关系代词who,that,whom引导的定语从句:

如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词，关系代词应用who,that（作主语或宾语）whom（作宾语）,who/that作主语.（不能省）,Thisisthefilmstar.ThefilmstarisverypopularinChina.,ThisisthefilmstarwhoisverypopularinChina.（作主语）,TheboycalledRoy.Theboybrokethewindow.Theboywho/thatbrokethewindowiscalledRoy.,/that,Practise:

who/whom/that作宾语：

（可省略）,Themanisafamouswriter.Hedescribedthemanjustnow.,Theman（who/whom/that）hedescribedjustnowisafamouswriter.（作宾语）,Thethiefhasbeensenttoprison.Thepolicecaughtthethieflastnight.,Thethief（who/that/whom）thepolicecaughtlastnighthasbeensenttoprison.,Practise:

小结：

1）.that既可指人，也可指物，作主语，不能省略；

作宾语，可以省略。

2）.which指物，作主语，不能省略；

作宾语，可以省略.,3）.who指人，作主语，不能省略；

作宾语，可以省略,（常用whom）,注:

当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。

定语从句的用法:

当先行词是物时,用which或that引导.,Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear.,当先行词是人时,用who,whom,whose,that引导.,who,whom,whose,that用法区别.,who作定语从句的主语或宾语.,Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker.,Themanisaworker.,Themanisspeakingatthemeeting.,分解,作主语,Whom作定语从句的宾语,Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher.,Thewomanisateacher.,Theywantedtovisitthewoman.,分解,作宾语,whose作定语从句的定语.,Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher.,分解,Iknowthegirl.,Thegirlsmotherisateacher.,作定语,that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语.,注意:

关系代词作动词宾语时可省略.,Thewoman（whom/that）theywantedtovisitisateacher.,有时只能用that,不用which,常见的情况有六种：

当先行词是all,any,few,little,none,anything,everything,nothing,everybody,nobody,everyone,noone或被它们修饰时。

1）.ThatsallthatIknow.2）.IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?

3）.Heansweredfewquestionsthattheteacherasked.,2）.ThefirstthingthatIshoulddoistoreviewmylessons.3.当先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame等修饰时。

1）.ThatstheonlythingthatIcandonow.2）.Thesearetheverywordsthatheused.,2.当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时1）.ThatisthemostinterestingbookthatIhaveeverread.,5.先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用that.ThemanandhisdogthatIalwaysmeetarestandingbythegate.,Whoisthegirlthatspoketoyoujustnow?

Whichisthepenthatyoulost?

4.当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句的关系词用that,而不用which或who.,关系代词只用which不用that情况,1.关系代词前有介词。

2.先行词本身是that.,whose作定语,表示所属关系。

Theboyismyclassmate.Theboysfatherisapoliceman.,Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.,【巧学妙记】定语从句的用法主句型，从句型，两种句子要完整。

从句紧跟先行词，关系词引导要弄清。

定人要用who或whom，定物which当先用。

关系代词用that，定人定物有本领。

when用来定时间，where用来定地点。

关系代词作成分，唯作宾语可省略。

Exercise1:

用关系代词填空,Theboy_isplayingping-pongismyclassmate.Thee-ma