交际中的衔接与连贯Cohesion and Coherence in Communication语言学 语义学 语用学 英语专业 毕业论文Word下载.docx

交际中的衔接与连贯Cohesion and Coherence in Communication语言学 语义学 语用学 英语专业 毕业论文Word下载.docx

《交际中的衔接与连贯Cohesion and Coherence in Communication语言学 语义学 语用学 英语专业 毕业论文Word下载.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《交际中的衔接与连贯Cohesion and Coherence in Communication语言学 语义学 语用学 英语专业 毕业论文Word下载.docx（52页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

供您参考欢迎下载!

详细正文请继续免费浏览

XXX大学本科毕业论文

CohesionandCoherenceinCommunication

交际中的衔接与连贯

英语语言文学专业

Contents

1. Introduction 1

1.1 Discourse1

1.2 Cohesionandcoherence2

1.3 Communication5

2. Cohesion 6

2.1 Reference8

2.2 Substitution9

2.3 Ellipsis11

2.4 Conjunction12

2.5 Lexicalcohesion15

2.6 Sub-conclusion17

3. Coherence 18

3.1 Context18

3.2 Thematicorganizationandknown-newinformation23

3.3 Speechacts27

3.4 ConversationalimplicatureandCooperativePrinciples32

3.5 Sub-Conclusion36

4. Communication 37

4.1 Sentence,propositionandillocutionaryact37

4.2 Cohesionandpropositionaldevelopment40

4.3 Coherenceandillocutionarydevelopment43

5. SummaryandConclusion 46

Reference49

Abstract

Thispaperfocusesontherelationshipbetweencohesion,coherenceandcommunication.Cohesionisasemanticcategory.Itreferstotheexplicitrelationshipbetweenlinguisticitemswhichisrealizedbycohesivedevicesorcohesiveties.Coherenceisapragmaticcategory.Itreferstotheimplicitrelationshipbetweenlinguisticelementswhichisrealizedbypragmaticconnections,suchascontext,conversationalimplicature,illocutionaryforce.Communicationinvolvestheinterpretationofboththesurfaceorsententialmeaningandtheimplicatureandintentionofadiscourse.Intheverbalcommunication,cohesionhelpsthecommunicatorsfollowthepropositionaldevelopmentwithinadiscourse,whilecoherencehelpsthemtracetheillocutionarydevelopmentinacommunicationunit.Bothcohesionandcoherencearenecessaryfortheproductionandtheinterpretationofacommunicationdiscourse.Whenevercommunicatorsfailtoidentifycohesioninadiscourse,theyreturntocoherence.Acommunicationdiscoursemustbecoherent,butnotnecessarilycohesive.

KeyWords：

cohesion,coherence,communication,propositionaldevelopment,illocutionarydevelopment

内容提要

衔接和连贯是交际篇章的必要条件。

衔接属于语义范畴，指篇章组成成分之间的显性的连接。

这种显性连接是由衔接手段或称衔接节实现的。

连贯属于语用范畴，指的是篇章成分之间的隐性连接。

这种连接是由一些语用关系来实现的，如语境、会话含义、言外之意等。

交际既涉及到字面的、表面的意义的理解，又涉及到深层的含义和意图的理解。

在语言交际中，衔接可以帮助交际者按照命题的推进来组织话语和理解话语，而连贯则可以帮助交际者理清篇章中意图推进的脉络。

衔接和连贯对于话语或篇章的产生和理解都是相当重要的。

一段篇章可以不必是衔接的，但必须是连贯的。

关键词：

衔接、连贯、交际、命题推进、意图推进

1. Introduction

1.1 Discourse

InthediscussionofdiscourseSomelinguistsrefertoitastextortextualanalysis.Halliday&

Hasandefinedtextas..isusedinlinguisticstorefertoanypassage,spokenorwritten,ofwhateverlength,thatdoesformaunifiedwhole**（1976:

1）.Infact,theterm"

text”and"

discourse'

1areidenticalinmanylinguists*works.InthisarticleIwilltakethetwotermsasonething.

therehavealwaysbeenargumentsandconfusionaboutwhatmakesstringsofwordsorstringsofsentencesadiscourse.Inotherwords,whatisitthatmakesapassagewrittenorasetofutterancesspokenaunifiedwholeinsteadofjustacollectionofunrelatedsentences?

Arethereanycertainfeaturesthatarecharacteristicofdiscourse?

Inordertoanswerthesequestions,aprobeneedstobemadetolookintotheinnermechanismsthatgovernthemakingofadiscourse.

Normallinguisticbehaviordoesnotconsistintheproductionofseparatesentencesbutintheuseofsentencesforthecreationofdiscourse.Adiscoxirsemaybespokenorwritten,proseorverse,dialogueormonologue.Itisaunitoflanguageinuse.Itismisleadingtoenvisageadiscoursetobeakindofsuper-sentence,agrammaticalunitthatislargerthanasentencebutisrelatedtoasentenceinmuchthesamewaythatasentenceisrelatedtoaclause,aclausetoagroupandsoon.Adiscourseisdifferentfromasentencenotinsizebutinkind.

AtextisbestregardedasaSEMANTICunit:

aunitnotofformbutofmeaning.ThusitisrelatedtoaclauseorsentencenotbysizebutbyREALIZATION,thecodingofonesymbolicsysteminanother.AtextdoesnotCONSISTOFsentences;

itisREALIZEDBY,orencodedin,sentences...weshallnotexpecttofindthesamekindofSTRUCTURALintegrationamongthepartsofatextaswefindamongthepartsofasentenceorclause.Theunityofatextisaunityofadifferentkind.

（Halliday&

Hasan,1976:

2）

Adiscoursehastexture,andthisiswhatdistinguishesitfromsomethingthatisnotadiscourse.Ifapassageofalanguagecontainingmorethanonesentenceisregardedasadiscourse,therewillbecertainlinguisticfeaturespresentinthatpassagewhichcanbeidentifiedascontributingtoitstotalunityandgivingittexture.Thetextureisprovidedbythecohesiverelationthatexistsbetweentwoormoreitemsinthediscourse.Suchrelationiscalled"

tie”byHalliday&

Hasan（1976:

3）,andtheyhavediscussedthecohesivetiesinsomedetailandtheirdiscussionhasbecomeastandardreference.

1.2 CohesionandCoherence

Manylinguistshavediscussedthequestionofcohesionandcoherence.Buttheiropinionsonthese