中小企业盈利能力分析中英文对照外文翻译文献Word格式.docx

中小企业盈利能力分析中英文对照外文翻译文献Word格式.docx

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Therelationshipbetweenprojectmanagement,ITskills,andsmalltomediumenterpriseprofitability（提高盈利能力的技能：

项目管理、IT技能和中小型企业盈利能力之间的关系）

国外作者：

JulienPollack,DanielAdler

文献出处：

《InternationalJournalofProjectManagement》,2016,34（5）:

831-838

字数统计：

英2683单词，15092字符；

中文4479汉字

外文文献：

Skillsthatimproveprofitability:

Therelationshipbetweenprojectmanagement,ITskills,

andsmalltomediumenterpriseprofitability

AbstractItiscommonlyassumedthatusingprojectmanagementandITskillsaregoodforbusinessperformance.ThisresearchexploredthisassumptionbytestingwhethertheuseofprojectmanagementandITskillshaveapositiveaffectonbusiness*totalsalesandprofitability.TheresearchdatawasdrawnfromtwolongitudinalGovernmentsurveysofsmalltomediumenterprisesinAustralia.Modelswerecreatedtodescribetherelationshipbetweenprojectmanagement,ITskills,profitabilityandtotalsalesusingmultiplelinearregressionandbinarylogisticregression.Theresultsshowthatwhencontrollingfortheinfluenceofotherbusinessskills,projectmanagementandITskillshaveasignificantpositiveinfluenceonsalesandprofitability.

Keywords:

Projectmanagement;

Informationtechnology;

Smalltomediumenterprise;

Profitability;

Sales;

Businessskills

1.Introduction

Itisabasicandfundamentalassumptionthatdevelopingbusinessskillsinyouremployeesimprovestheprofitabilityofyourbusiness.Althoughitmaybedifficulttotesteachstepinthelonganddiffusecausalchainfromanimprovedemployeeskillsettoabetterbottomline,thelinkbetweendevelopingemployeecapabilityandimprovedcompanyperformanceistypicallytakenassoobviousthatitisrarelyquestioned.Thisassumptionisheldforskillssuchastheabilitytomanageprojects,whereitistakenforgrantedthatusingprojectmanagementtoreachstrategicandoperationalobjectivesimprovesperformance.Similarly,wetendtoassumethatincreasedinformationtechnology（IT）staffcapabilityhelpsbusinessesnotonlysurvive,butexcelinourcurrentlychangingtechnologicalclimate.Weretheseassumptionsfalse,therewouldbelittlejustificationtosupportthesignificantinvestmentsthatorganisationsandindividualsmakeonpersonneldevelopmentinthesedisciplines.

Manyresearchershavecommentedthatprojectmanagementimprovesthelikelihoodofanorganisationbeingsuccessful.Thebenefitsofprojectmanagementtoorganisationshavebeenexpressedasanimprovementinproductivity（McHughandHogan,2011;

Cleland,1984）,effectiveness（Shenharetal.,2001）,efficiency（Stimpson,2008）,andperformance（AbbasiandAl-Mharmah,2000）,whilethebenefitsofITinvestmentarecommonlycitedasprovidingstrategicvalue（Carr,2003）,improvedproductivity（Hwangetal.,2015）,andimprovedlevelsoforganisationalinternalentrepreneurship（Benitez-Amandoetal.,2010）.ThisbodyofresearchappearstoprovidestrongjustificationforsustainingtheassumptionthatprojectmanagementandITskillssupportfinancialperformance.

However,thisassumptionremainslargelyunexamined.Intheprojectmanagementliterature,thedebatemorecommonlyfocusesondevelopingidealised,orcontingent,modelsofprojectmanagement,waysofimplementingthese,andtheexaminationofcriteriathatcontributetothesuccessandfailureofprojects.Inthisregard,theITliteratureisnotthatdifferent,withanaddedemphasisontheimpactsandopportunitiesassociatedwithspecifictechnologicaldevelopments.In2012,

Hallgren（2012）calledforanincreasedemphasisonresearchthatexploresthebasicassumptionsthatunderpinprojectmanagementresearchandpractice,andthisresearchrespondstothatcallbyquestioningwhethertheuseofprojectmanagementandITascorebusinessskillshaveanimpactonbusinesses*financialperformance,focusingontherolestheseskillsplayinAustraliansmalltomediumenterprises（SMEs）.

2.Literaturereview

Thereisalargebodyofresearchthatexaminesthewaysinwhichprojectmanagementcanbeimproved,developedandrefined,sothatorganisationalobjectivesaredeliveredmoreeffectively（e.g.HagenandPark,2013;

Kloppenborgetal.,2014）.Forinstance,therehavebeenavarietyofstudiesthathavelinkedpersonalitytypestoprojectsuccess（CreasyandAnantatmula,2013;

Cohenetal.,2013）,orfactorsthatimpactproductivityonprojects（Ngetal.,2004）.Otherresearchhasfocusedonprocessrelatedissues,suchasthelinkbetweenprojectmanagementprocessmaturityandprojectsuccess（MirandPinnington,2014）,orlinksbetweenthematurityoftheportfoliomanagementsysteminanorganisationandprojectsuccess（Reycketal.,2005）.Oneconsistentemphasisinthesestudiesisthattheyfocusonprojectsuccessratherthanorganisationalperformance.Therelationshipbetweenprojectandbusiness