英国文学考点全景图Word文档下载推荐.docx

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Epic（史诗）

（1）Epic,inpoetry,referstoalongworkdealingwiththeactionsofgodsandheroes.

（2）BeowulfisthegreatestnationalepicoftheAnglo-Saxons,JohnMiltonwrotethreegreatepics:

ParadiseLost,ParadiseRegainedandSamsonAgonistes.

Romance

（罗曼史/骑士文学）

（1）RomanceisapopularliteraryforminthemedievalEngland.

（2）Itsingsknightlyadventuresorotherheroicdeeds.

（3）Chivalry（suchasbravery,honor,generosity,loyaltyandkindnesstotheweakandpoor）isthespiritofromance.

Alliteration

（押头韵）

（1）Alliterationmeansarepetitionoftheinitialsoundsofseveralwordsinalineorgroup.

（2）AlliterationisatraditionalpoeticdeviceinEnglishliterature.

（3）RobertFrost’spoemAcquaintedwiththeNightisacaseinpoint：

“Ihavestoodstillandstoppedthesoundoffeet”.

40

NameoftheWriter

Works

BriefDescription

（1）Beowulf,atypicalexampleofOld

Englishpoetry,isregardedasthe

greatestnationalepicoftheAnglo-

Saxons.

（2）Theepicdescribestheheroic

Beowulf

deeds of a Scandinavian hero,

unknown

《贝奥武甫》

Beowulf, in fighting against the

monster Grendel, his revengeful

mother,andafire-breathingdragon.

（3）Thepoemconveysahopethatthe

righteouswilltriumphovertheevil.

GeoffreyChaucer（乔叟）

（1）HeisregardedasthefatherofEnglishpoetry.

（2）TheCanterburyTalesishismasterpiece.

（3）Hepresents,forthefirsttimeinEnglishliterature,acomprehensiverealisticpictureofthemedievalEnglishsocietyandcreatesawhole...

oflife.

（5）ChaucerintroducedfromFrancerhymedstanzasofvarioustypes（heroiccouplet）intoEnglishpoetrytoreplacetheOldEnglishalliterativeverse.

（6）ItwasChaucerwhomadeLondondialectthefoundationformodernEnglishspeech.

（7）Hischaracterizationisvivid.

The Canterbury

Tales 《坎特伯雷故事集》

Troilus andCriseyde

《特罗勒斯和科丽西德》

Rose

《玫瑰罗曼史》

TheHouseofFame

《声誉之堂》

（1）TheCanterburyTalesisChaucer’smonumentalsuccess.

（2）ItisacollectionofstoriestoldbyagroupofpilgrimsontheirwaytoCanterbury.

（3）ItwasinfluencedbyBoccaccio’s

（薄伽丘）Decameron（《十日谈》）.

（4）Inthepoem,Chaucerpresents,forthefirsttimeinEnglishliterature,...medievalEnglishsocietyandcreatesawholegalleryofvividcharactersfromallworksoflife.

（5）ThepoemshowsChaucer’shumanismandanticipatesaneweratocome.

（1）PiersPlowmanisapoemthat

givesapictureofthelifeinfeudal

WilliamLangland

PiersPlowman

England.

（威廉·

兰格伦）

《农夫皮尔斯》

（2）Itisaprotestagainstthethen

socialinjustice.

LiteraryTerms

Renaissance（文艺复兴）

（3）TherealmainstreamoftheEnglishRenaissanceistheElizabethandramawithWilliamShakespearebeingtheleadingdramatist.

（1）Theword“Renaissance”means“rebirth”.ItmeantthereintroductionintoWesternEuropeofthefullculturalheritageofGreeceandRome.

（2）TheessenceoftheRenaissanceishumanism.Attitudesandfeelingswhichhadbeencharacteristicofthe14thand15thcenturiespersistedwelldownintotheeraofHumanismandReformation.

Humanism（人文主义）

（1）HumanismistheessenceoftheRenaissance.

（2）Itemphasizedthedignityofhumanbeingsandtheimportanceofthepresentlife.Humanistsvoicedtheirbeliefsthatmanwasthecenteroftheuniverseandmandidnotonlyhavetherighttoenjoythebeautyofthepresentlife,buthadtheabilitytoperfecthimselfandtoperformwonders.

Spenserianstanza（斯宾塞诗节）

（3）Spenser’sTheFaerieQueenewaswritteninthiskindofstanza.

（1）SpenserianstanzainthecreationofEdmundSpenser.

（2）Itreferstoastanzaofninelines,withthefirsteightlinesiniambicpentameterandthelastlineiniambichexameter（六音步）,rhymingababbcbcc.

Conceit（奇特的比喻）

（2）ConceitisextensivelyemployedinJohnDonne’spoetry.

（1）Conceitisafar-fetchedsimileormetaphor,aliteraryconceitoccurswhenthespeakercomparestwohighlydissimilarthings.

（1）Metaphysicalpoetryiscommonlyusedtonametheworkofthe17thcenturywriterswhowroteundertheinfluenceofJohnDonne.

（2）Withtherebelliousspirit,themetaphysicalpoetstriedtobreakawayfromtheconventionalfashionoftheElizabethanlovepoetry.

（3）ThedictionissimpleascomparedwiththatoftheElizabethanortheNeoclassicalperiods,andechosthewordsandcadencesofcommonspeech.（4）Theimageryisdrawn

fromactuallife.

Metaphysicalpoetry（玄学派诗歌）

Name