名词性从句讲解word版Word文件下载.doc
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连接副词:
when,where,how,why
1.主语从句(两种结构,三类连接词)
两种结构
1.主语从句位于句首:
Whathewantsisabook.
Whokeptthedooropenallnightwasunknown.
2.主语从句位于句尾,it作形式主语。
(1)It+be+名词+that从句
It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.
It’snosurprisethatourteamshouldhavewonthegame.
(2)It+be+形容词+that从句.
Itseemsobviousthatwecannotgoonlikethis.
(3)It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句
Itisknowntoallthatlighttravelsinstraightlines.
ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madeearthsatelliteintoorbit.
(4)It+不及物动词+that从句
注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时,谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should)+do”,常用的句型有:
Itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that…
Itisapity(ashame,nowonder,etc.)that…
Itissuggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that…
三类连接词:
1.连词thatwhether
that引导的主语从句:
引导词that无含义,在句中不做成分,不可以省。
whether引导的主语从句:
whether有含义(是否),在句中不做成分,不可以省。
Thatyouwillwinthemedalseemsunlikely.
Thatshesurvivedtheaccidentisamiracle.
Whethersheiscomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.
2.连接代词who,whose,whom,which,what,whoever,whomever,whichever,whatever引导的名词性从句中,其连接代词在句中起名词性作用,担当一定成分.
Whatyouneedismorepractice.
WhatIwanttoknowisthis.
Whateverwedoistoservethepeople.
3.连接副词when,where,why,how引导的名词性从句(其连接副词有含义,在句中作状语。
)
Whereweshouldleaveitisaproblem.
Whentheywillcomehasn’tbeenmadepubic.
WheretheEnglisheveningwillbeheldhasnotyetbeenannounced.
练习
1.hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.
A.WhoB.TheoneC.AnyoneD.Whoever
2.Itwashesaiddisappointedme.
A.what;
thatB.that;
thatC.what;
whatD.that;
what
3.we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.
A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where
4.hesaidatthemeetingsurprisedeverybodypresent.
A.WhatB.ThatC.ThefactD.Thematter
5._______hemadeanimportantspeechatthemeetingwastrue.
A.ThatB.WhyC.WhatD.How
6.Itisnecessarythatacollegestudent_______atleastaforeignlanguage.
A.mastersB.shouldmasterC.masteredD.willmaster
7.WhatIsayandthink___noneofyourbusiness.
A.isB.areC.hasDhave
8._______isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.
A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It
2.宾语从句
名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
1.由连接词that引导的宾语从句由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
例如:
HehastoldmethathewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.
Wemustneverthink(that)wearegoodineverythingwhileothersaregoodinnothing.
注意:
在demand、order、suggest、decide、insist,desire,demand,request,command等表示要求、命令、建议、决定等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should)+动词原形”。
Iinsistthatshe(should)doherworkalone.
Thecommanderorderedthattroops(should)setoffatonce.
2.用who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why,how,whoever,whatever,whichever等关联词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句,应注意句子语序要用陈述语序。
Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.。
Shealwaysthinksofhowshecanworkwell.
Shewillgivewhoeverneedshelpawarmsupport.
3.用whether或if引导的宾语从句,其主语和谓语的顺序也不能颠倒,仍保持陈述句语序。
此外,whether与if在作“是否”的意思讲时在下列情况下一般只能用whether,不用if:
a.引导主语从句并在句首时;
b.引导表语从句时;
c.引导从句作介词宾语时;
d.从句后有“ornot”时;
e.后接动词不定式时。
Whetherthereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.
Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.
4.注意宾语从句中的时态呼应,当主句动词是现在时,从句根据自身的句子情况,而使用
不同时态。
Iknow(that) hestudiesEnglisheveryday.(从句用一般现在时)
Iknow(that)hestudiedEnglishlastterm.(从句用一般过去时)
Iknow(that)hewillstudyEnglishnextyear.(从句用一般将来时)
Iknow(that)hehasstudiedEnglishsince1998.(从句用现在完成时)
当主句动词是过去时态(could,would除外),从句则要用相应的过去时态,如一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时等;
当从句表示的是客观真理,科学原理,自然现象,则从句仍用现在时态。
TheteachertoldusthatTomhadleftusforAmerica.
5.think,believe,imagine,suppose等等动词引起的否定性宾语从句中,要把上述主句中的动词变为否定式。
即将从句中的否定形式移到主句中。
Wedon’tthinkyouarehere.
Idon’tbelievehewilldoso.
1.______surprisedmemostwas______suchalittleboyofsevencouldplaytheviolinsowell.
A.That…what B.What…that C.That…which D.What…which
2.Excusemewouldyoupleasetellme________
A.whenthesportsmeetistakenplace B.whenisthesportsmeetgoingtobeheld
C.whenisthesportsmeettobegin D.whenthesportsmeetistotakeplace
3.Doyouhappentoknow________
A.whatsizeshoeshewears B.howbigshoeshewears
C.whatisthesizeofhisshoes D.whatnumbershoesarehis
4.Wheredoyouthink________
A.h