历年考研英语一阅读真题翻译2004-2014资料Word格式.doc
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只有当失业者带着简历到就业中心,注册在线求职并开始找工作,才有资格获得补助金——然后他们应该每周而非每两周报告一次。
有什么比这更合理呢?
Moreapparentreasonablenessfollowed.Therewillnowbeaseven-daywaitforthejobseeker’sallowance.“Thosefirstfewdaysshouldbespentlookingforwork,notlookingtosignon.”heclaimed.“We’redoingthesethingsbecauseweknowtheyhelppeoplesayoffbenefitsandhelpthoseonbenefitsgetintoworkfaster”Help?
Really?
Onfirsthearing,thiswasthesociallyconcernedchancellor,tryingtochangelivesforthebetter,completewith“reforms”toanobviouslyindulgentsystemthatdemandstoolittleeffortfromthenewlyunemployedtofindwork,andsubsideslaziness.Whatmotivatedhim,weweretounderstand,washiszealfor“fundamentalfairness”-protectingthetaxpayer,controllingspendingandensuringthatonlythemostdeservingclaimantsreceivedtheirbenefits.
更加明显的合理性如下。
现在领取求职者补贴要等待七天。
“这前几天应该用来找工作,而不是办理失业登记(以获得救济金)。
”他说,“我们这样做是因为我们知道,这样会帮助人们摆脱补助并让依赖补助的人尽快就业。
”帮助?
真的吗?
乍一听,这是位关心社会的大臣,他努力改善人们的生活,包括对一个明显放纵的体系的“改革”,这个体系不要求新失业者付出多少努力去找工作,为其懒惰埋单。
我们将会知道,激励他的是他对“基本的公正”的热诚——保护纳税人,控制花费以及确保只有最值得帮助的申请者才能得到补助金。
Losingajobishurting:
youdon’tskipdowntothejobcentrewithasonginyourheart,delightedattheprospectofdoublingyourincomefromthegenerousstate.Itisfinanciallyterrifyingpsychologicallyembarrassingandyouknowthatsupportisminimalandextraordinarilyhardtoget.Youarenownotwanted;
yousupportisminimalandextraordinarilyhardtoget.Youarenownotwanted;
youarenowexcludedfromtheworkenvironmentthatofferspurposeandstructureinyourlife.Worse,thecrucialincometofeedyourselfandyourfamilyandpaythebillshasdisappeared.Askanyonenewlyunemployedwhattheywantandtheanswerisalways:
ajob.
失业是痛苦的:
你不会内心歌唱并跳跃着到就业中心去,为从这个慷慨国度得到加倍收入的前景而欣喜。
在经济上它令人生畏,在心理感到难堪,并且你还知道那种扶持的微薄和非常难以得到。
现在没人需要你;
你现在被排除在工作环境之外,那里会给予你人生的目标和体制。
更糟糕的是,失去了用以养家糊口和支付账单的至关重要的收入。
问任何新失业者他们想要什么,答案永远是:
一份工作。
ButinOsborneland,yourfirstinstinctistofallintodependency-permanentdependencyifyoucangetit-supportedbyastateonlytooreadytoindulgeyourfalsehood.Itisasthough20yearsofever-tougherreformsofthejobsearchandbenefitadministrationsystemneverhappened.TheprincipleofBritishwelfareisnolongerthatyoucaninsureyourselfagainsttheriskofunemploymentandreceiveunconditionalpaymentsifthedisasterhappens.Eventheveryphrase‘jobseeker’sallowance’inventedin1996-isaboutredefiningtheunemployedasa“jobseeker”whohadnomandatoryrighttoabenefitheorshehasearnedthroughmakingnationalinsurancecontributions.Instead,theclaimantreceivesatime-limited“allowance,”conditionalonactivelyseekingajob;
noentitlementandnoinsurance,at£
71.70aweek,oneoftheleastgenerousintheEU.
但是在奥斯本之国,你的第一反应就是坠入依赖——永远的依赖,如果你能得到的话——它由一个非常乐意放任你弄虚作假的国家所支持。
好像这二十年一直严厉的求职和补助金管理系统的改革从未发生过。
英国福利的原则不再是如果发生灾难,你能为自己投保失业险和得到无条件赔付。
甚至正是“求职者补贴”这个词语,在将失业者重新定义为“求职者”,他人通过缴纳国民保险金可享有补助,而求职者则没有这个基本权利。
作为替代,申请者得到的是一周71.70英镑的限时“补贴”,条件是积极地找工作:
没有津贴也没有保险,在欧盟这也是最小气之一了。
Text2
Allaroundtheworld,lawyersgeneratemorehostilitythanthemembersofanyotherprofession---withthepossibleexceptionofjournalism.ButtherearefewplaceswhereclientshavemoregroundsforcomplaintthanAmerica.
Dur-ingthedecadebeforetheeconomiccrisis,spendingonlegalservicesinAmericagrewtwiceasfastasinflation.Thebestlawyersmadeskyscrapers-fullofmoney,temptingevermorestudentstopileintolawschools.Butmostlawgraduatesnevergetabig-firmjob.Manyoftheminsteadbecomethekindofnuisance-lawsuitfilerthatmakesthetortsystemacostlynightmare.
Therearemanyreasonsforthis.Oneistheexcessivecostsofalegaleducation.ThereisjustonepathforalawyerinmostAmericanstates:
afour-yearundergraduatedegreeatoneof200lawschoolsauthorizedbytheAmericanBarAssociationandanexpensivepreparationforthebarexam.Thisleavestoday’saveragelaw-schoolgraduatewith$100,000ofdebtontopofundergraduatedebts.Law-schooldebtmeansthattheyhavetoworkfearsomelyhard.
Reform-ingthesystemwouldhelpbothlawyersandtheircustomers.Sensibleideashavebeenaroundforalongtime,butthestate-levelbodiesthatgoverntheprofessionhavebeentooconservativetoimple-mentthem.Oneideaistoallowpeopletostudylawasanundergraduatedegree.Anotheristoletstudentssitforthebarafteronlytwoyearsoflawschool.Ifth