何家弘法律英语课件-第七课PPT推荐.ppt

何家弘法律英语课件-第七课PPT推荐.ppt

《何家弘法律英语课件-第七课PPT推荐.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《何家弘法律英语课件-第七课PPT推荐.ppt（59页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

2022/9/30,法律英语,1,LessonSeven,CriminalLaw,2022/9/30,2,Itisbettertofightforjusticethantorailattheill.AlfredsTennyson,Britishwriter与其责骂罪恶，不如伸张正义。

@#@英国作家丁尼生A,2022/9/30,3,Background,ModelPenalCodeModelPenalCodewascreatedbyagroupoflawprofessors,judges,andlawyerstoofferacomprehensiverevisionofthecriminallaw.TheModelPenalCodeisnotlawandhasnobindingeffect.Ithas,however,beenthemodelformanystatecriminalcodesandhasbeenveryinfluentialonstateandlocallegislators.http:

@#@/www.legal-,2022/9/30,4,刑法的三个主要问题,Crimefelony;@#@misdemeanorPunishmentguidelinesforsentencing（量刑指南）Criminalliability,Capitalpunishment,DEATHPENALTY,2022/9/30,5,2022/9/30,6,2022/9/30,7,Insanitydefense精神不正常辩护,JohnHinckley,RonaldReagan,2022/9/30,8,TEXTHomicide,Notallhomicidesarecriminal.Justifiablehomicide正当杀人Excusablehomicide可宽恕的杀人,2022/9/30,9,Justifiablehomicide,Self-defense正当防卫Policeofficertopreventthecommissionofaforciblefelony警察预防暴力性重罪Topreventadangerousfelonescaping防止危险的重罪犯逃跑,2022/9/30,10,Excusablehomicide,Apersonaccidentallyandwithoutgrossnegligencecausesthedeathofanotherindividual.,没有严重过失,2022/9/30,11,Criminalhomicide有罪杀人,Akillingamountstoacriminalhomicidewhenitdonewithoutlawfuljustificationorexcuse.,恶意杀人谋杀,非恶意杀人非预谋杀人,2022/9/30,12,Theelementsofthecrimesofmurder,Courtsdecisions,Legislatures,by,2022/9/30,13,1.Murder,Killingahumanbeingwith“malice”恶意、预谋杀人,CaliforniaPenalCode,SECTION187-199：

@#@Murderistheunlawfulkillingofahumanbeing,orafetus,withmaliceaforethought.,2022/9/30,14,Malice,Expressmalice明示恶意Impliedmalice暗示恶意,2022/9/30,15,Expressmalicevs.Impliedmalice,Firearifleatamovingpassengertrain,2022/9/30,16,Penaltyformurder,Death死刑Prisontermsextendingto“life”终身监禁Prisontoaspecialnumberofyears一定年限的监禁,2022/9/30,17,（a）Felonymurder重罪恶意谋杀,Felonymurder：

@#@amurderthatoccurswhiletheaccusedisintheactofcommittinganotherfelony,suchasarmedrobbery.Felonymurdercarriesaheaviersentencethanplainmurder.http:

@#@/www.legal-dictionary.org/,2022/9/30,18,Killingduringthecourseofafelonysuchasrobbery.在抢劫这样的重罪过程中杀人Gungoesoffaccidentallykillingtherobberyvictim,orabystander,orapoliceofficer.手枪意外走火，杀死被抢劫的受害者、旁观者或警察Adangerouscrimeasrobberysatisfiestherequirementofmalice抢劫这样的危险犯罪构成恶意的条件,2022/9/30,19,Co-felonsguiltyofmurder重罪共犯谋杀,Inthecourseofanexchangeofshotsbetweenrobbersandthepolice,apoliceofficerisaccidentallykilledbyanotherofficer.在抢劫者与警察的交火过程中，一个警察意外地被另一个警察打死。

@#@,2022/9/30,20,Malice,Malicemayalsobeattributedtoarobberwhosepartnerinthecrimeintentionallykillssomeoneduringthecommissionofthecrimeortheattemptedescape.在抢劫犯罪或试图逃跑的过程中，一个强盗的同伙故意杀死人，那么该强盗也属于有恶意。

@#@,2022/9/30,21,每个参与者都有恶意,Thedangerousnessoftherobberyitself,Actasanagentfortheothersinaccomplishingtheirobjective,2022/9/30,22,Deathpenalty死刑,在一些废除了死刑的州，考虑到只要有杀人的结果，对抢劫的处罚就应该重得多，因此，立法机关规定，对杀人抢劫的处罚比无致命抢劫的处罚多15年以上。

@#@,2022/9/30,23,（b）Degreesofmurder恶意杀人罪的等级,Varyingpenaltiesformurder,punishablebydeathorlongimprisonment,punishablewithalesserpenalty,2022/9/30,24,Firstdegreemurder,A“willful,deliberateandpremeditated”killing,suchasapoisoningorakillingduringthecommissionofadangerousfelony有意的、故意的、有预谋的杀人，比如投毒，或者在危险的重罪发生过程中杀人。

@#@,2022/9/30,25,Commonlaw,2022/9/30,26,2.Manslaughter,Unlawfulkillingofanotherwithoutmalice.无恶意的非法杀人,Prisonterm:

@#@1-14years,2022/9/30,27,（a）Voluntarymanslaughter自愿性非恶意杀人，故意杀人,Anintentionalkillingupon“greatprovocation”andintheheatof“passion”,巨大挑衅激情之下故意杀人,2022/9/30,28,Voluntarymanslaughter,thepersonkilledanotherperson;@#@thepersonactedintheheatofpassion;@#@andheatofpassionwascausedbyadequateprovocation.http:

@#@/,2022/9/30,29,Heatofpassionmaybeprovokedbyfear,rage,angerorterror.Provocation,inordertobeadequate,mustbesuchasmightnaturallycauseareasonablepersoninthepassionofthemomenttoloseself-controlandactonimpulseandwithoutreflection.http:

@#@/,2022/9/30,30,Aclassicexample,Akillingofparamourorofthespouse,orboth,manslaughter,TheprovocationwasgreatInthe“heatofpassion”,2022/9/30,31,Betreatedlessharshlythanmurder,Frailtiesofthehumannature人类的脆弱性Instinctivereaction本能的反应Bediscouragedbycriminalsanction通过刑事处分加以阻拦,2022/9/30,32,Insuchparamourkillingcasestheconvictionrateisquitelow.在杀死情敌的案例中，定罪率很低Concoctedexplanationofself-defense编造的有关自卫的解释Acquittalbyreasonof“theunwrittenlaw”根据“不成文法”作出的无罪判决,2022/9/30,33,Inapplyingtestwhetheranintentionalkillingwasupongreatprovocationandintheheatofpassion,thequestionisputtothejury,ortothejudgeinnon-jurycases,astowhethertheaccusedreactedasa“reasonableman”.对故意杀人是否由于受到极大的刺激和处于激情之下的判断，是由陪审团作出的，在没有陪审团的案件中，由法官作出判断。

@#@由他们决定被告是否是一个“理智的人”。

@#@,2022/9/30,34,（b）Involuntarymanslaughter非自愿性非恶意杀人，过失杀人,Unintentionalkilling无意的杀人resultingfromgrossnegligence,重大过失orasaresultofdang