0711年四级阅读全部真题及答案.docx

0711年四级阅读全部真题及答案.docx

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0711年四级阅读全部真题及答案

07-12

PassageOne

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Byalmostanymeasure,thereisaboominInternet-basedinstruction.Injustafewyears,34percentofAmericanuniversitieshavebegunofferingsomeformofdistancelearning（DL）,andamongthelargerschools,it'scloserto90percent.Ifyoudoubtthepopularityofthetrend,youprobablyhaven'theardoftheUniversityofPhoenix.Itgrantsdegreesentirelyonthebasisofonlineinstruction.Itenrolls90000students,astatisticusedtosupportitsclaimtobethelargestprivateuniversityinthecountry.

Whilethekindsofinstructionofferedintheseprogramswilldiffer,DLusuallysignifiesacourseinwhichtheinstructorspostsyllabi（课程大纲）,readingassignments,andschedulesonWebsites,andstudentssendintheirassignmentsbye-mail.Generallyspeaking,face-to-facecommunicationwithaninstructorisminimizedoreliminatedaltogether.

Theattractionforstudentsmightatfirstseemobvious.Primarily,there'stheconveniencepromisedbycoursesontheNet:

youcandothework,astheysay,inyourpajamas（睡衣）.Butfiguresindicatethatthereducedeffortresultsinareducedcommitmenttothecourse.Whiledrop-outratesforallfreshmenatAmericanuniversitiesisaround20percent,therateforonlinestudentsis35percent.Studentsthemselvesseemtounderstandtheweaknessesinherentinthesetup.InasurveyconductedforeCornell,theDLdivisionofCornellUniversity,lessthanathirdoftherespondentsexpectedthequalityoftheonlinecoursetobeasgoodastheclassroomcourse.

Clearly,fromtheschools'perspective,there'salotofmoneytobesaved.Althoughsomeofthemoreambitiousprogramsrequirenewinvestmentsinserversandnetworkstosupportcollaborativesoftware,mostDLcoursescanrunonexistingorminimallyupgraded（升级）systems.Themorestudentswhoenrollinacoursebutdon'tcometocampus,themoretheschoolsavesonkeepingthelightsonintheclassrooms,payingdoorkeepers,andmaintainingparkinglots.And,whilethere'sevidencethatinstructorsmustworkhardertorunaDLcourseforavarietyofreasons,theywon'tbepaidanymore,andmightwellbepaidless.

57.WhatisthemoststrikingfeatureoftheUniversityofPhoenix?

A）Allitscoursesareofferedonline.

B）Itsonlinecoursesareofthebestquality.

C）Itboaststhelargestnumberofstudentsoncampus.

D）Anyonetakingitsonlinecoursesissuretogetadegree.

58.Accordingtothepassage,distancelearningisbasicallycharacterizedby___________.

A）aconsiderableflexibilityinitsacademicrequirements

B）thegreatdiversityofstudents'academicbackgrounds

C）aminimumortotalabsenceofface-to-faceinstruction

D）thecasualrelationshipbetweenstudentsandprofessors

59.ManystudentstakeInternet-basedcoursesmainlybecausetheycan____________.

A）earntheiracademicdegreeswithmuchlesseffort

B）saveagreatdealontravelingandboardingexpenses

C）selectcoursesfromvariouscollegesanduniversities

D）workontherequiredcourseswheneverandwherever

60.Whataccountsforthehighdrop-outratesforonlinestudents?

A）Thereisnostrictcontrolovertheacademicstandardsofthecourses.

B）Theevaluationsystemusedbyonlineuniversitiesisinherentlyweak.

C）Thereisnomechanismtoensurethattheymaketherequiredeffort.

D）Lackofclassroominteractionreducestheeffectivenessofinstruction.

61.Accordingtothepassage,universitiesshowgreatenthusiasmforDLprogramsforthepurposeof____________.

A）buildinguptheirreputation

B）cuttingdownontheirexpenses

C）upgradingtheirteachingfacilities

D）providingconvenienceforstudentsACDCB

PassageTwo

Questions62to66arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

InthisageofInternetchat,videogamesandrealitytelevision,thereisnoshortageofmindlessactivitiestokeepachildoccupied.Yet,despitethecompetition,my8-year-olddaughterRebeccawantstospendherleisuretimewritingshortstories.Shewantstoenteroneofherstoriesintoawritingcontest,acompetitionshewonlastyear.

AsawriterIknowaboutwinningcontests,andaboutlosingthem.Iknowwhatitisliketoworkhardonastoryonlytoreceivearejectionslipfromthepublisher.Ialsoknowthepressuresoftryingtoliveuptoareputationcreatedbypreviousvictories.Whatifshedoesn'twinthecontestagain?

That'sthestrangethingaboutbeingaparent.Somanyofourownpastscarsanddashedhopescansurface.

Arevelation（启示）camelastweekwhenIaskedher,“Don'tyouwanttowinagain?

”“No,”shereplied,“Ijustwanttotellthestoryofanangelgoingtofirstgrade.”

Ihadjustspentweekscorrectingherstoriesasshespontaneously（自发地）toldthem.TellingmyselfthatIwasmerelyanexperiencedwriterguidingtheyoungwriteracrossthehall,Iofferedsuggestionsforcharacters,conflictsandendingsforhertales.Thestoryaboutafearfulangelstartingfirstgradewasquickly“guided”bymeintothetaleofalittlegirlwithawildimaginationtakingherfirstmusiclesson.Ihadturnedhercontestintomycontestwithoutevenrealizingit.

Stayingbackandgivingkidsspacetogrowisnotaseasyasitlooks.BecauseIknowverylittleaboutfarmanimalswhousetoolsorangelswhogotofirstgrade,IhadtoacceptthefactthatIwasco-opting（借用）mydaughter'sexperience.

Whilesteppingbackwasdifficultforme,itwascertainlyagoodfirststepthatIwillquicklyfollowwithmoresteps,puttingmyselffarenoughawaytogiveherroombutcloseenoughtohelpifasked.AllthewhileIwillberemindingmyselfthatchildrenneedroomtoexperiment,growandfindtheirownvoices.

62.Whatdowelearnfromthefirstparagraph?

A）Childrendofindlotsoffuninmanymindlessactivities.

B）Rebeccaismuchtoooccupiedtoenjoyherleisuretime.

C）Rebeccadrawsonalotofonlinematerialsforherwriting.

D）Alotofdistractionscompeteforchildren'stimenowadays.

63.Whatdidtheauthorsayaboutherownwritingexperience?

A）Shedidnotquiteliveuptoherreputationasawriter.

B）Herwaytosuccesswasfullofpainsandfrustrations.

C）Shewasconstantlyunderpressureofwritingmore.

D）Mostofherstorieshadbeenrejectedbypublishers.

64.WhydidRebeccawanttoenterthisyear'swritingcontest?

A）Shebelievedshepossessedrealtalentforwriting.

B）Shewassureofwinningwithhermother'shelp.

C）Shewantedtoshareherstorieswithreaders.

D）Shehadwonaprizeinthepreviouscontest.

65.Theauthortookgreatpainstorefineherdaughter'sstoriesbecause___________.

A）shebelievedshehadtheknowledgeandexperiencetoofferguidance

B）shedidnotwanttodisappointRebeccawhoneededherhelpsomuch

C）shewantedtohelpRebeccarealizeherdreamofbecomingawriter

D）shewasafraidRebecca'simaginationmightrunwildwhilewriting

66.What'stheauthor'sadviceforparents?

A）Awritingcareer,thoughattractive,isnotforeverychildtopursue.

B）Childrenshouldbeallowedfreedomtogrowthroughexperience.

C）Parentsshouldkeepaneyeontheactivitiestheirkidsengagein.

D）Childrenshouldbegiveneverychancetovoicetheiropinions.DBCAB

07-6

Questions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

I’vebeenwritingformostofmylife.ThebookWritingWithoutTeachersintroducedmetoonedistinctionandonepracticethathashelpedmywritingprocessestremendously.Thedistinctionisbetweenthecreativemindandthecriticalmind.Whileyouneedtoemploybothtogettoafinishedresult,theycannotworkinparallelnomatterhowmuchwemightliketothinkso.

Tryingtocriticizewritingontheflyispossiblythesinglegreatestbarriertowritingthatmostofusencounter.Ifyouarelisteningtothat5thgradeEnglishteachercorrectyourgrammarwhileyouaretryingtocaptureafleeting（稍纵即逝的）thought,thethoughtwilldie.Ifyoucapturethefleetingthoughtandsimplyshareitwiththeworldinrawform,nooneislikelytounderstand.Youmustlearntocreatefirstandthencriticizeifyouwanttomakewritingthetoolforthinkingthatitis.

ThepracticethatcanhelpyoupastyourlearnedbadhabitsoftryingtoeditasyouwriteiswhatElbowcalls“freewriting.”Infreewriting,theobjectiveistogetwordsdownonpapernon-stop,usuallyfor15-20minutes.Nostopping,nogoingback,nocriticizing.Thegoalistogetthewordsflowing.Asthewordsbegintoflow,theideaswillcomefromtheshadowsandletthemselvesbecapturedonyournotepadoryourscreen.

Nowyouhaverawmaterialsthatyoucanbegintoworkwithusingthecriticalmindthatyou’vepersuadedtositonthesideandwatchquietly.Mostlikely,youwillbelievethatthiswilltakemoretimethanyouactuallyhaveandyouwillendupstaringblanklyatthepagesasthedeadlinedrawsnear.

Insteadofstaringatablankstartfillingitwithwordsnomatterhowbad.Halfwaythroughyouavailabletime,stopandreworkyourrawwritingintosomethingclosertofinishedproduct.Movebackandforthuntilyourunoutoftimeandthefinalresultwillmostlikelybefarbetterthanyourcurrentpractices.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

57.Whentheauthorsaysthecreativemindandthecriticalmind“cannotworkinparallel”（Line4,Para.1）inthewritingprocess,hemeans________.

A）noonecanbebothcreativeandcritical

B）theycannotberegardedasequallyimportant

C）theyareinconstantconflictwitheachother

D）onecannotusethematthesametime（D）

58.Whatpreventspeoplefromwritingonis________.

A）puttingtheirideasinrawform

B）attemptingtoeditastheywrite

C）ignoringgrammaticalsoundness

D）tryingtocapturefleetingthoughts（B）

59.Whatist