学年临沂市罗庄区第一中学高三英语一模试题及答案.docx

学年临沂市罗庄区第一中学高三英语一模试题及答案.docx

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学年临沂市罗庄区第一中学高三英语一模试题及答案

2020-2021学年临沂市罗庄区第一中学高三英语一模试题及答案

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项

A

LocatedinthebeautifulSichuanBasin,Chongqingisamagical8Dcity.Thenaturalhistoryandculturalsceneryoftheareaprovidechildrenwithlearningopportunitiesbecausetheycanenjoythemanywondersofthisarea.

FengjieTiankengGroundJoint

TiankengDiqiaoScenicAreaislocatedinthesouthernmountainousareaofFengjieCounty.TheTiankengpitis666metersdeepandiscurrentlythedeepesttiankengintheworld.ThescenicspotisdividedintotenareasincludingXiaozhaiTiankeng,TianjingxiaGround,LabyrinthRiver,andLongqiaoRiver.Therearemanyandweirdkarstcaveshafts,andcountlesslegendshauntthem.

YouyangPeachGarden

YouyangTaohuayuanScenicAreaisanationalforestpark,anational5A-levelscenicspot,andanationaloutdoorsportstrainingbase.LocatedinthehinterlandofWulingMountain.TheFuxiCaveinthescenicspotisabout3,000meterslong,withwindingcorridors,deepundergroundrivers,andcolor1fulstalactites.Thelandscapeisbeautiful.

JinyunMountainNationalNatureReserve

JinyunMountainislocatedinBeibeiDistrictofChongqingCity,about45kilometersawayfromtheCentralDistrictofChongqingCity.TheninepeaksofJinyunMountainstanduprightandrisefromtheground.Theancienttreesonthemountainaretowering,thegreenbamboosformtheforest,theenvironmentisquiet,andthesceneryisbeautiful,soitiscalled"LittleEmei".Amongthem,YujianPeakisthehighest,1050metersabovesealevel;LionPeakisthemostprecipitousandspectacular,andtheotherpeaksarealsounique.

ChongqingPeople'sSquare

Chongqing'sGreatHallofthePeople,oneofthelandmarksofChongqing,givespeoplethedeepestimpressionthanitsmagnificentappearanceresemblingtheTempleofHeaven.Italsousesthetraditionalmethodofcentralaxissymmetry,withcolonnade-styledoublewingsandatowerending,plusalargegreenglazedroof,largeredpillars,whiterailings,double-eavebucketarches,andpaintedcarvedbeams.

1.HowdeepistheTiankengGroundJoint?

A.666mB.3,000mC.45kmD.1050m

2.WhichofthefollowingrockscanyouseeinYouyangPeachGarden?

A.LimestoneB.StalactiteC.MarbleD.Quartzite

3.WhichattractionisclosesttodowntownChongqing?

A.FengjieTiankengGroundJoint

B.JinyunMountainNationalNatureReserve

C.ChongqingPeople'sSquare

D.YouyangPeachGarden

B

AChinesespaceminingcompanyhasdesignedarobotthatcancapturewastematerialleftbehindbyspacecraftinouterspacewithabignet.

Thestate-runXinhuanewsagencyrecentlyreportedthattherobotlaunchedonthegovernment'sLongMarch6rocketalongwithseveralsatellites.Therobotwillalsoinvestigatedeepspacetoobservesmallobjectsintheuniverse.The30-kilogramrobot,calledNEO-01,wasdevelopedbyOriginSpace.Poundedin2019andbasedinthesouthernChinesetechhub（技术中心）Shenzhen,OriginSpacehasbeendevotedtoexploringandusingspaceresources,accordingtothecompany.Thecompanysaystherobotwillleadthewayforfuturetechnologiescapableofminingonasteroids（小行星）.

Theworld'sfirstasteroidminingcompany,PlanetaryResources,wasestablishedin2009.Sincethen,morethan12businessesaroundtheworldhaveenteredtheindustry,including3DSystemsoftheUnitedStatesandJapan'sAstroscale.Astroscale'stechnologyusesmagnets（磁铁）togatherupspacewaste.ButareportontheOriginSpacewebsitesaysNEO-01willuseanettocapturewasteandthenbumit.Thousandsofsatelliteshavebeenlaunchedworldwide.Astheyareusedtoolong,manyendupaswasteandputotheroperatingsatellitesatrisk.

SuMengisthefounderofOriginSpace.Hesaidthecompanyplanstolaunchmanyspacetelescopesandmorespacecrafttobeginthefirstfor-profitminingofasteroidsby2045.SuaddedthatNEO-01willserveasaprototype（雏形）offuturespaceminingrobots,whichcanuserichmineralresourcesonasteroidstosupportthedevelopmentofthespaceindustry.

TheXinhuanewsagencyreportedthatChinawasincreasingeffortstolandaspacecraftonanear-Earthasteroidtocollectmaterials.Chinaisalsospeedingupaplantobuildadefensesystemagainstnear-Earthasteroids.ThecountryaimstofollowRussiaandtheUnitedStatesinbecomingamajorspacepowerby2030.

4.WhichofthefollowingcancorrectlydescribeNEO-01?

A.Itweighs60kilograms.

B.ItwascreatedbyPlanetaryResources.

C.Itwillbeburntafterfinishingitsmission.

D.Itismainlyusedtocatchspacewaste.

5.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?

A.Chinawillbethemostpowerfulinspaceby2030.

B.OriginSpacewillopenmoreminesonasteroids.

C.Itisthoseuselesssatellitesthatmakespacewaste.

D.Therobotwilllookintodeepspaceformorewaste.

6.WhatdoesSuMengthinkofNEO-01?

A.Itispromisingandrewarding.B.Ithasbenefitedthespaceindustry.

C.It'salongwaytoproduceit.D.It'llhelpmakemoneyforthecompany.

7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.NEO-01,ASmartRobotUsedinSpace

B.AChineseRobotCanCatchSpaceWaste

C.ANewRobotMakesChinaaSpacePower

D.NEO-01,thePioneerofFutureSpaceRobots

C

WhydoesHaitisotendtohavefatalearthquakes?

EarthquakeshavebeencausinghugedamageinHaitisinceatleastthe18thcentury.Thecapitalcityhasbeendestroyedtwicein19years.The21stcenturyhasbeennomorekind.

TheEarth’soutershellismadetipoftectonicplates（构造板块）thatmove.HaitisitsnearthecrossingoftwotectonicplaitsthatmakeuptheEarth’soutershell.Earthquakescanoccurwhenthoseplatesmoveagainsteachotherandcreatefriction（摩擦力）.

Haitiisalsooverpopulated.Plus,manyofitsbuildingsaredesignedtoresisthurricanesbutnotearthquakes.Thosebuildingscansurvivestrongwindsbatareeasytofaildownwhenthegroundshrikes.Poorbuildingpracticescanalsoplayarole.

“Ithinkit’simportanttorecognizethatthere’snosuchthingasanaturaldisaster,”saidWendyBohon,ageologist.“Whatyouhaveisanaturaldisasterthatcomeswithaweakarchitecturesystem.Wedoknowthatearthquakeslikethiscancausehugedamagebecauseofthefault,”saidWendy.“Andit’squiteasignificantriskinplacesthatdon’thavetheconstructionpracticestoresisttheshaking.”

Constructionofmoreearthquake-resistantbuildingsremainsachallengeinHaiti,whichisthepoorestnationintheWesternHemisphere.“WhiletherehavebeensomesuccessstoriesofHaitiansbuildingmoreearthquake-resistantstructures,thecountryhaslackedacentralizedefforttodoso,”saidMarkSchuller,aprofessorofanthropologyandnonprofitandNGOstudiesatNorthernIllinoisUniversity.Haiti’sgovernmenthasbecomeincreasinglyweak,whilenon-governmentalorganizationsonlyfocusontheirownprojects.

“ThereistechnicalknowledgeinHaiti,Therearetrainedarchitects.Therearecityplanners.That’snottheproblem,”Schullersaid.“Theproblemisalackoffundingforcoordination（协调）,andlackofpoliticalwillfromdonorstoorganizationsprovidingaid.”

8.Whichfactorcausingthehugedamageishighlighted?

A.Itsoverpopulation.B.Itsweakgovernment.

C.Itsgeographicallocation.D.Itsweakarchitecturesystem.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“thefault”inparagraph4referto?

ALackingpoliticalwilltoprovideaid.

B.Lackinghurricane-resistant;buildings.

C.Lackingearthquake-resistantbuildings.

D.Sittingonthecrossingoftwotectonicplates.

10.What’sSchuller’sattitudetowardsHaiti’sgovernment?

ASupportive.B.Critical.

C.Indifferent.D.Interested.

11.Whichofthefollowingcanbeaproblemaccordingtothelastparagraph?

A.Fundandwill.B.Skilledarchitects.

C.Urbandesigners.D.Technologyandmoney.

D

Myschoolappearedonthenewslastweekbecausewehadmadeanimportantchangeinourlocalarea.Ourclasshadplantedalargegardeninwhatwasonceonlyavacantlot.Itwasalotofworkbutitwasallworthit.Igotblisters（水泡）fromdigging,andweallgotinsectbites,too.

Ilearnedalotaboutgardeningandcollaboration（合作）,andthenIlearnedaboutthemedia.OurteachertelephonedtheTVstationandinformedthemofwhatwehadaccomplished.Shespokewiththeproducer.Theproducercheckedwiththedirectors,buttheysaidtherewereplentyofstoriessimilartoours.Theywantedtoknowwhatwasspecialaboutourparticulargarden,sincemanyschoolsplantthem.

Theteacherexplainedthat,aftergoingontheInternettolearnabouttheprairie（大草原）,wehadmadeaprairiegarden.Wehadgonetoaprairieandgottenseedsfromtheplants,andthenweplantedthem.Wedidnotwaterthegarden,butwedidweedit.Wedecidedtoletnaturewateritwithrain,sincethatwashowprairiesgrewinthepast.Wesentapictureofthegardentothenewsstation.Inthepicture,thegrasswassohighthatitstoodtallerthanthefourthgradestudents.

Asaresult,theproducersentareportertoourschool.Heinterviewedtheheadmasterandaskedhimmanyquestionsaboutthegarden.Afterthat,theyinterviewedus,andweexplainedtothemwhatwehadlearnedthroughthisproject.

Thatnight,wewatchedthenews,andtherewewere.Thenewsreportertoldourstory.Itwasonlytwominuteslong,butitwasus.Wewerefamous.Allthatwork,allthoseblisters,itwasworthit.Weknewthatwhenwesawthegardeneveryday,butnowweknewthatthewholecitythoughtso,too.

12.WhatseemedtobetheTVdirectors’initialreactiontothegarden?

A.Theywereexcited.B.Theyweresurprised.

C.Theywereworried.D.Theywereuninterested.

13.Whatisspecialaboutthegarden?

A.Weedswereallowedtospreadnaturally.

B.Thegrassgrew