高考英语阅读理解人生百味及其解题技巧及练习题含答案.docx
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高考英语阅读理解人生百味及其解题技巧及练习题含答案
高考英语阅读理解(人生百味)及其解题技巧及练习题(含答案)
一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类
1.阅读理解
Wealllongforfriendship,buthowtomakeafriend?
"Thebesttimetomakeafriendisbeforeyouneedone."JoyStevensaid.Thefollowingaresometipsforyou.
Peopleequalfriends
Friendsusuallybeginwithstrangers.Gettingintouchwithotherpeopleisthefirststeptomakeafriend.Friendscan'tbemadeinemptyair.Bestfriendstaketimetomake.
Friendsunderstandfriends
Friendsunderstandeachotherwhentalking.Manyunpleasantpersonalquarrelscanbeavoidedifyouwilltakethetimetounderstandothers'feelingsandpointsofview.
Friendstouchfriends
Touchingisawarmfromofcommunicationbetweenfriends.Whenyouseebestfriendscommunicating,youwillnoticethemstandclosetogether,toucheachothercomfortablyandlistentoeachother.Sometimesafriendlytouchismorepowerfulthanwords.
Friendspraisefriends
Praiseisapowerfultooltomakeafriend.Honestpraisecanaffect(影响)yourfriends'lives.Sotrytopraiseyourfriends,includingyourgeneralones.
Friendscanloyal(忠诚的)andtrustworthy
Trustandloyaltygohandinhandforfriends.Friendscansharesecretswithyou,becausegoodfriendsneverbreakconfidence(信心)andareloyalforever.
(1)FromJoySteven'swords,wecanconcludethat________
A. afriendinneedisafriendindeed
B. itislatetomakeafriendwhenyouneedone
C. itisnevertoolatetomakeafriend
D. everyoneneedsafriendinhislife
(2)Tomakeandkeepmanyfriends,youneedtodothefollowingEXCEPT___________.
A. getintouchwithpeople
B. understandyourfriends
C. praiseyourfriends
D. quarrelwithyourfriends
(3)Thepassagemainlytellsus______________.
A. howtocommunicatewithafriend
B. whentomakeafriend
C. howtodevelopfriendship
D. howtopraiseafriend
【答案】
(1)C
(2)D
(3)C
【解析】【分析】短文大意:
我们都渴望友谊,本文就如何交朋友和发展友谊给出了一些建议。
(1)细节理解题。
根据第一段中Thebesttimetomakeafriendisbeforeyouneedone.可知交朋友的最好时机是你需要一个朋友之前,故选C。
(2)细节理解题。
根据第三段Manyunpleasantpersonalquarrelscanbeavoidedifyouwilltakethetimetounderstandothers’feelingsandpointsofview可知我们压迫避免和朋友争吵,故选D。
(3)主旨大意题。
根据文章第一段和下面的小标题可知,文章是在告诉我们怎样交朋友和发展友谊,故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本文涉及细节题和主旨大意题,细节理解题要注意从文中寻找答案;主旨大意题需要通读全文,了解大意之后找出中心思想。
2.阅读短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
DidyouknowthatAlbertEinsteincouldnotspeakuntilhewasfouryearsold,andcouldnotreaduntilhewasseven?
Hisparentsandteachersworriedabouthismentalability.
Beethoven'smusicteachersaidabouthim,"Asacomposer(作曲家)heishopeless."Whatifthisyoungboyhadbelievedit?
WhenThomasEdisonwasayoungboy,histeacherssaidhewassostupidthathecouldneverlearnanything.Heoncesaid,"IrememberIusedtoneverbeabletogetalongatschool.Iwasalwaysatthefootofmyclass...MyfatherthoughtIwasstupid,andIalmostdecidedthatIwasastupidperson."WhatifyoungThomashadbelievedwhattheysaidabouthim?
Whenthesculptor(雕刻家)AugusteRodinwasyoung,hehaddifficultylearningtoreadandwrite.Today,wemaysayhehadalearningdisability.Hisfathersaidofhim,"Ihaveanidiot(白痴)forason."Hisuncleagreed."He'suneducable,"hesaid.WhatifRodinhaddoubtedhisability?
WaltDisneywasoncefiredbyanewspapereditorbecausehewasthoughttohaveno"goodideas".EnricoCarusowastoldbyonemusicteacher,"Youcan'tsing.Youhavenovoiceatall."AndaneditortoldLouisaMayAlcottthatshewasunabletowriteanythingthatwouldhavepopularappeal.
Whatifthesepeoplehadlistenedandbecomediscouraged?
WherewouldourworldbewithoutthemusicofBeethoven,theartofRodinortheideasofAlbertEinsteinandWaltDisney?
AsOscarLevantoncesaid,"It'snotwhatyouarebutwhatyoudon'tbecomethathurts."
Youhavegreatpotential.Whenyoubelieveinallyoucanbe,ratherthanallyoucannotbecome,youwillfindyourplaceonearth.
(1)Howmanysuccessfulpeoplearementionedasexamplesinthepassage?
A. Six
B. Seven
C. Eight
D. Nine.
(2)WhichofthefollowingstatementsisRIGHT?
A. Whenhewasyoung,ThomasEdisonalwaysgotgoodgradesatschool.
B. LevantthoughtLouisaMayAlcottcouldn'twriteanypopularworks.
C. OnlyAugusteRodin'suncleregardedhimaboyoflearningability.
D. BothEnricoCarusoandBeethovenachievedtheirdreamsinmusic.
(3)What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedsentence"He'suneducable"?
A. Hecan'tbetaught.
B. Heisveryclever.
C. Heisdifferent.
D. Heisalatesuccess.
(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A. WorkingHardforSuccess
B. HavingDreams
C. BelievinginYourself D. Self-challenging
【答案】
(1)B
(2)D
(3)A
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,列举了爱因斯坦、贝多芬、爱迪生等七个名人成功的故事,他们都曾得到别人较低的评价,但最终成功实现了自己的梦想;“相信自己”是他们成功的关键。
(1)考查细节理解。
第一段列举了爱因斯坦的故事,第二段讲述了贝多芬的故事,第三段提到了爱迪生的故事,第四段讲述了奥古斯特·罗丹的故事,第五段提到了沃特·迪士尼、恩里科·卡鲁索、路易莎·梅·阿尔科特的故事,共列举了七个著名人物,故选B。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二中的“ Beethoven'smusicteachersaidabouthim,‘Asacomposer(作曲家)heishopeless.’ ”;第五段中的“EnricoCarusowastoldbyonemusicteacher,‘Youcan'tsing.Youhavenovoiceatall.’”及第六段中的“WherewouldourworldbewithoutthemusicofBeethoven,theartofRodinortheideasofAlbertEinsteinandWaltDisney?
”可推知,贝多芬和恩里科·卡鲁索都实现了他们的音乐梦想,故选D。
(3)考查句义猜测。
根据第四段他的父亲和他的叔叔对他的评价"Ihaveanidiot(白痴)forason.""Hisuncleagreed."可知,他们都认为他是白痴;据此可以推断,该句意为“他是教不会的”,故选A。
(4)考查主旨大意。
通读全文可知,本文前五段列举了七个名人,他们的共同点是都曾得到别人较低的评价,后来却成功实现了自己的梦想;本文的最后一句为本文的主题句,据此可以判断,C项“相信自己”最适合做本文标题,故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解,句义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,进行分析,推理,概括和归纳,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Giveyourselfatest.Whichwayisthewindblowing?
Howmanykindsofwildflowerscanbeseenfromyourfrontdoor?
Ifyourawarenessisassharpasitcouldbe,you'llhavenotroubleansweringthesequestions.
Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild'sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.Curiositygaveusallanaturalawareness.Butdistinctionsthatweresharptousaschildrenbecomeunclear;wearenumb(麻木的)tonewstimulation(刺激),newideas.Relearningtheartofseeingtheworldaroundusisquitesimple,althoughittakespracticeandrequiresbreakingsomebadhabits.
Thefirststepinawakeningsensesistostoppredictingwhatwearegoingtoseeandfeelbeforeitoccurs.Thisblocksawareness.OnechillynightwhenIwashikingintheRockyMountainswithsomestudents,Imentionedthatweweregoingtocrossamountainstream.Thestudentsbegancomplainingabouthowcolditwouldbe.Wereachedthestream,andtheyunwillinglywalkedahead.Theywerealmostknee-deepwhentheyrealizeditwasahotspring.Latertheyalladmittedthey'dfeltcoldwateratfirst.
Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession(痴迷)manyofushavewithnamingthings.Isawbirdwatcherswhospottedabird,immediatelylookeditupinfieldguides,andsaid,a"ruby-crownedkinglet"andcheckeditoff.Theynolongerpaidattentiontothebirdandneverlearnedwhatitwasdoing.
Thepressuresof"time"and"destination"arefurtherblockstoawareness.Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadistantcamp-groundwithjustenoughtimetogettherebeforedark.Itseldomoccurredtothemtowanderabit,totakeamomenttoseewhat'saroundthem.Iaskedthemwhatthey'dseen."Oh,afewbirds,"theysaid.Theyseemedbentontheirdestinations.
Natureseemstounfoldtopeoplewhowatchandwait.Nexttimeyoutakeawalk,nomatterwhereitis,takeinallthesights,soundsandsensations.Wanderinthisframeofmindandyouwillopenanewdimensiontoyourlife.
(1)AccordingtoParagraph2,comparedwithadults,childrenaremore____________.
A.anxioustodowonders
B.sensitivetoothers'feelings
C.likelytodevelopunpleasanthabits
D.eagertoexploretheworldaroundthem
(2)WhatideadoestheauthorconveyinParagraph3?
A.Toavoidjumpingtoconclusions.
B.Tostopcomplainingallthetime.
C.Tofollowtheteacher'sadvice.
D.Toadmitmistakeshonestly.
(3)Thebirdwatchers'behaviorshowsthatthey__________.
A.areverypatientintheirobservation
B.arereallyfascinatedbynature
C.careonlyaboutthenamesofbirds
D.questiontheaccuracyofthefieldguides
(4)Whydothehikerstakenonoticeofthesurroundingsduringthejourney?
A.Thenaturalbeautyisn'tattractivetothem.
B.Theyfocusonarrivingatthecampintime.
C.Theforestinthedarkisdangerousforthem.
D.Theyarekeentoseerarebirdsatthedestination.
(5)Inthepassage,theauthorintendstotellusweshould__________.
A.filloursensestofeelthewondersoftheworld
B.getridofsomebadhabitsinourdailylife
C.openourmindtonewthingsandideas
D.tryourbesttoprotectnature
【答案】
(1)D
(2)A
(3)C
(4)B
(5)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇散文。
我们有多久没有仔细观察我们周围的世界了。
作者通过此文要告诉我们:
放慢脚步,带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙。
(1)推理判断题。
根据文章第二段Mostofusobservedmuchmoreaschildrenthanwedoasadults.Achild'sdayisfilledwithfascination,newnessandwonder.可知,与成人相比较,孩子观察得更多,孩子的一天充满了魔力、新奇和惊奇。
从而可以推断出孩子更急于探索他们周围的世界。
故选D。
(2)推理判断题。
根据文章第三段作者叙述在一个寒冷的夜晚,作者和学生徒步旅行穿过一条小溪的时候,学生们抱怨水太冷而不愿往前走,结果事实上那是一个温泉。
作者举这样一个事例是为了向读者传递这样的观念:
避免过早下结论。
故选A。
(3)细节理解题。
根据文章第四段全段及首句Anotherblocktoawarenessistheobsession(痴迷)manyofushavewithnamingthings.可知,鸟观察者发现鸟后只关心鸟的名字,并不关心它在做什么。
故选C。
(4)细节理解题。
根据文章第五段Iencounteredmanyhikerswhowereheadedtoadi