最新中考英语阅读理解专项复习经典.docx

最新中考英语阅读理解专项复习经典.docx

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最新中考英语阅读理解专项复习经典

最新中考英语阅读理解专项复习经典

一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）

1．阅读理解

   Sciencefictionisapopularkindofwriting,andmanypeoplethinkofJulesVerne（凡尔纳）asthefatherofsciencefiction.HewasborninFrancein1828.Hisfatherwantedhimtobecomealawyer,butfromhisearly20sVernedecidedtobecomeawriter.Atfirsthewroteplaysforthetheater.Then,in1863,hewroteastorycalledFiveWeeksinaBalloon.ThesuccessofthisbookencouragedhimtowritemorestoriessuchasAJourneytotheCenteroftheEarth（1864）andFromtheEarthtotheMoon（1865）.

   Inthe19thcentury,manypeoplewereinterestedinscienceandinventions.JulesVernewroteaboutscientificsubjectsinhisstoriesand,asaresult,theywereverypopular.Verne'swritingincludedmanypredictions（预言）forthe20thcenturyandmanyofthemcametrue.Hedescribedspaceflight,movies,andairconditioning,alongtimebeforetheyappeared.ThesebookswereverysuccessfulandtheymadeVernerich.

   JulesVerne'sbookshavebeenthesubjectsformanymovies.20,000LeaguesundertheSeawasasuccessfulmovieforWaltDisney.ItwasthefirsttimethatDisneymoviehadusedrealactorsinsteadofcartoondrawings.AroundtheWorldinEightyDaysisanotherfamousmoviebasedononeofVerne'sbooks.ThemaincharacterisanEnglishmancalledPhileasFogg.Forhim,themostimportantthingistobealwaysontime!

（1）Whatdoesthephrase"thefatherofsciencefiction"mean?

A. Thefatherwhohasseveralchildren.

B. Themanwholovesscienceandinventions.

C. Thewriterwhosefatherwrotesciencefiction.

D. Themanwhofirststartedwritingsciencefictionsuccessfully.

（2）WhatencouragedJulesVernetowritemorestories?

A. Theplayshewroteforthetheater.                 

B. Theencouragementfromhisfather.

C. ThesuccessofFiveWeeksinaBalloon.         

D. Thescientificsubjectsinhisstories.

（3）WhywereJulesVerne'sbooksverypopularinthe19thcentury?

A. Becausehisbooksmadehimrichandfamous.

B. Becausehewrotemanyplaysforthetheateratthattime.

C. Becausehisbookswerethesubjectsformanymovies.

D. Becausemanypeoplewereinterestedinscienceandinventions.

（4）WhichofthefollowinghasthemaincharactercalledPhileasFogg?

A. FiveWeeksinaBalloon.                                  

B. AroundtheWorldinEightyDays.

C. AJourneytotheCenteroftheEarth.             

D. FromtheEarthtotheMoon.

（5）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?

A. ThespaceflightVernedescribedwasdifferentfromothers.

B. ThemaincharactersinVerne'sbooksarealwaysontime.

C. JulesVerneonlywroteinthe19thcentury.

D. ManyofthepredictionsinVerne'sstoriescametrue.

【答案】

（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

（5）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：

许多人认为朱勒凡尔纳是科幻小说之父，他的父亲希望他能成为一名律师，但是当他二十岁的时候，凡尔纳决定成为一名作家，他的书写的非常受欢迎，朱勒凡尔纳的书已经成为许多电影的主题。

（1）词语理解题。

根据短语thefatherofsciencefiction科幻小说之父。

可知，JulesVerne被认为是第一个写科幻小说的人，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句hewroteastorycalledFiveWeeksinaBalloon.Thesuccessofthisbookencouragedhimtowritemorestories”可知故事FiveWeeksinaBalloon的成功让凡尔纳更有动力写更多的小说，故选C。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句由文中 Inthe19thcentury,manypeoplewereinterestedinscienceandinventions.JulesVernewroteaboutscientificsubjectsinhisstoriesand,asaresult,theywereverypopular. 可知在19世纪，许多人对科学和发明感兴趣。

儒勒·凡尔纳在他的小说中写下了科学主题，因此很受欢迎。

故选D。

（4）细节理解题。

根据文中的语句AroundtheWorldinEightyDaysisanotherfamousmoviebasedononeofVerne'sbooks.ThemaincharacterisanEnglishmancalledPhileasFogg.可知《八十天环游世界》是根据凡尔纳的一本书改编的另一部著名电影。

主角是一个叫斐利亚·福克的英国人。

故选B。

（5）理解判断题。

根据文中的语句Verne'swritingincludedmanypredictions（预言）forthe20thcenturyandmanyofthemcametrue.可知凡尔纳的作品包括了许多对20世纪的预言，其中许多预言都实现了，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本题主要考查了细节理解题，词义理解归纳题以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。

2．根据短文理解选择正确答案。

D

     InParis,onefreezingwinterevening,Iwashavingdinnerwithmyfriend,Mr.Dupin,thefamousdetective.Wehadjustfinishedourmeal,whentherewasaloudknockingatthedoor.Dupinopenedit.TherestoodMr.Germain,thechief警长）oftheParisPolice.

     Wewelcomedhimwarmly,forhewasanoldacquaintance（熟人）whomwehadn'tseenforagreattime.

     "Ineedyourassistance,"saidGermain."Imetacase（案件）thathasbeengivingmeagreatdealoftrouble.Itisverysimplebutverystrange."

     “Also,pleasekeepthissecret.IfanyonefoundoutthatItoldyouthis.Iwouldcertainlylosemyjob.”

     “Well,then,”saidtheChief,”Ihavelearnedthataveryimportantletterhasbeenstolenfromtheking.Wearesurewhostoleitandthattheletterisinhishouse."

     "Butwhowoulddaredosuchathing"Icried.

     "Thethief,"saidGermainsoftly,"He'samanwhodarersdomanydangerousthings.Heisoneofthemostpowerfulandimportantministersinthegovernment.HeisMinisterDanton.”

     "Alotoftimes,whileMinisterDantonwasout,alotofwell-trainedpoliceofficerscarefullysearchedtheentirehouse,roombyroom.Infact,weexaminedeverythinginthehousebutfoundnothing."…

    Amonthlater,DupinaskedGermainandmetohishouse.TherehetookoutaletterandhandedittotheChief.Wewerebothverysurprised.

   Dupinexplained,"IknowMinisterDantonverywell.Hecouldnothidetheletterinanyoftheusualhidingplaces.Irealizedthathemighthavelefttheletteroutintheopen,rightundereveryone'snose,wherenoonewouldsearchforit."

   "ThenIvisitedhimwithmydarkglassesontohelpmeobserve（观察）better.Whilewewerechatting,adirty,tornletterintheletterholdersuddenlycaughtmyeyes-unusualfortheMinister,whoiscarefulandneat."

   "Iwassureitwastheletter."

   "ThenIpurposelyleftmyglovesbehindsoIcouldcomebackagain."

   "Thenextmorning,Ihiredamantofireagunonthestreet,whiletheMinisterwenttoseewhathappened,Istoletheletterbyreplacingitwithasimilarone,OnitDupinwrotethesewords:

            Yourplanwasgood,butminewasbetter

            Asyoucansee,Itooktheletter.

                                     ----BasedonastorybyEdgarAllanPoe

（1）Theunderlinedword"assistance"inthethirdparagraphprobablymeanshere.

A. hobby                            B. help                            C. habit                            D. holiday

（2）Whoisthebestatsolvingdifficultcasesaccordingtothepassage?

A. Thewriter.                  B. Mr.Germain.                  C. Mr.Dupin.                  D. MinisterDanton.

（3）DupindidallthefollowingthingstohelpgettheletterbackEXCEPT       .

A. wearinghisdarkglasseswhenvisitingDanton'shouse

B. leavinghisglovespurposelybehindinDanton'shouse

C. hiringamantofireagunonthestreetthenextmorning

D. writingsomewordsontheletterheputintotheletterholder

（4）Fromthepassagewecaninferthat       .

A. DupinandDantonarealsoacquaintances

B. Dupinandthewriterarebothdetectives

C. Dantonandthewriterarenewfriends

D. GermainandDantonaredangerousenemies

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文讲述法国巴黎的著名侦探杜宾先生的故事。

警长因为一个棘手的案子请杜宾帮忙找回国王丢失的一封信，他知道信在部长那里，但是就是找不到。

杜宾先生去了部长家里，凭着敏锐的眼睛发现了那封信的所在，然后巧妙的将信调包，帮助了警长。

（1）词义猜测。

根据Imetacase（案件）thathasbeengivingmeagreatdealoftrouble可知警长遇到了很麻烦的案子请杜宾先生帮忙。

hobby爱好；help帮助；habit习惯；holiday假期。

故选B。

（2）推理判断。

根据文章内容Infact,weexaminedeverythinginthehousebutfoundnothing.和Amonthlater,DupinaskedGermainandmetohishouse.TherehetookoutaletterandhandedittotheChief.可知没人找到那封信在哪里，但是一个月后杜宾先生找到了，故选C。

（3）细节理解。

注意题目：

为了得到那封信，杜宾先生做了以下事情，除了哪一个。

根据 "ThenIvisitedhimwithmydarkglassesontohelpmeobserve（观察）better.可知A项正确；根据ThenIpurposelyleftmyglovesbehindsoIcouldcomebackagain可知B项正确；根据Thenextmorning,Ihiredamantofireagunonthestreet可知C正确；根据Istoletheletterbyreplacingitwithasimilarone,OnitDupinwrotethesewords……可知D项虽然也是文章内容，但是并不是杜宾为了取得信而做的事情。

所以选D。

（4）推理判断。

根据IknowMinisterDantonverywell.和Ivisitedhimwithmydarkglasseson以及Whilewewerechatting,可知杜宾与丹顿部长是熟人。

故选A。

【点评】故事类阅读要紧扣故事的时间线索，人物间的关系，故事的发展和结局，点明的主旨等信息。

答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据关键词查找信息，切忌主观臆断，凭感觉做题

3．根据短文理解选择正确答案。

C

     Ifmusicmakesyousmarterandexercisehelpsyoutothink,surelyexercisingtomusiccanturnyouintoacleverperson.

     AteamofscientistsfromOhioStateUniversitydidexperimentson33volunteerswhoweregettingbetterfromheartdiseaseafteroperations.TheyfoundthosevolunteerswhoexercisedwhilelisteningtoItalianmusicianAntonioVivaldi'sTheFourSeasonsdidmuchbetteronlanguageabilityteststhanwithoutmusic.Itisalsousedinmedicalfieldsforpatientswhohavehadheadhurtsbecauseofitsmoderatetempo（舒缓的节拍）.

     “Exerciseseemstocausepositivechangesinthenerve（神经）systemandthesechangesmayimprovethelearningabilityofpeoplewithheartdisease,”saidthepsychologistCharlesEmery,wholedthestudy.“Andlisteningtomusicisthoughttoenhanceunderstanding.Wejustwantedtoputthetworesultstogether,”headded.

     Thevolunteerssaidtheyfeltbetteremotionallyandphysicallyafterexercisingwithorwithoutmusic.Buttheirimprovementonthetestdoubledafterlisteningtomusicduringexercise.Scientistshaveprovedthatmusiccanbegoodforhealthandeducation.Ithelpsreducestressandsadness,encouragerelaxationorsleep,wakeupthebodyandimprovememoryandthoughts.

     Scientistshavebeenstudyingtheresultsofexercisetomusiconlearningandunderstandingsincetheearly1950s.AstudyshowedthatstudentswholistenedtoMozart'sviolinpiecesandexercisedwentontogethighermarksinanIQtest.Withimportantexamsdrawingnear,yourparentswillnotprobablyallowyoutolistentomus