职称英语等级考试试题答案及题解卫生类A级试题3.docx
《职称英语等级考试试题答案及题解卫生类A级试题3.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《职称英语等级考试试题答案及题解卫生类A级试题3.docx(7页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
职称英语等级考试试题答案及题解卫生类A级试题3
职称英语等级考试试题、答案及题解卫生类(A级)试题(3)
第二篇
NewU.S.PlanforDiseasePrevention
UrgingAmericanstotakeresponsibilityfortheirhealth,HealthandHumanServices
SecretaryTommyThompsononTuesdaylauncheda$15millionprogramtotrytoencourage
communitiestodomoretopreventchronicdiseaseslikeheartdisease,canceranddiabetes(糖尿病)。
TheinitiativehighlightstheCOSTSofchronicdiseases-theleadingcausesofdeathinthe
UnitedStates--andoutlineswaysthatpeoplecanpreventthem,includingbetterdietand
increasedexercise.
"IntheUnitedStatestoday,7of10deathsandthevastmajorityofseriousillness,disability
andhealthcarecostsarecausedbychronicdiseases,"theHealthandHumanServices
departmentsaidinastatement.
Thecausesareoftenbehavioral--smoking,pooreatinghabitsandalackofexercise.
"Iamconvincedthatpreventingdiseasebypromotingbetterhealthisasmartpolicychoice
forourfuture."Thompsontoldaconferenceheldtolaunchtheinitiative.
''Ourcurrenthealthcaresystemisnotstructuredtodealwiththerisingcostsoftreating
diseasesthatarelargelypreventablethroughchangesinourlifestylechoices."
Thompsonsaidheartdiseaseandstrokeswillcostthecountrymorethan$351billionin
2003.
"Theseleadingcausesofdeathformenandwomenarelargelypreventable,yetweasa
nationarenottakingthestepsnecessaryforUStoleadhealthier,longerlives,"hesaid.
The$15millionisdesignedtogotocommunitiestopromoteprevention,pushingfor
changesassimpleasbuildingsidewalkstoencouragepeopletowalkmore.
Dailyexercisesuchaswalkingcanpreventandevenreverseheartdiseaseanddiabetes,and
preventcancerandstrokes.
Themoneywillalsogotocommunityorganizations,clinicsandnutritionistswhoarebeing
encouragedtoworktogethertoeducatepeopleatriskofdiabetesaboutwhattheycarddoto
preventitandencouragemorecancerscreening.
TheAmericanCancerSocietyestimatesthathalfofallcancersCanbecaughtbyscreening,
includingPaptests(巴氏试验)forcervical(子宫颈的)cancermammograms(乳房X线照片)
forbreastcancer,colonoscopies(结肠镜检查),andprostate(前列腺的)checks.
Ifsuchcancerswereallcaughtbyearlyscreening,thegroupestimatesthatthesurvivalrate
forcancerwouldriseto95percent.
36WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofchronicdiseasesintheUS?
ATheyaccountfor70%ofalldeaths.
BTheyareresponsibleformostofthehealthcarecosts.
CTheyoftenresultinunhealthylifestyles.
DTheyarelargelypreventable.
37TheauthormentionsallthefollowingwaysofdiseasepreventionEXCEPT
Abetterdiet.
Bincreasedexercise.
Clesssmoking.
Dmorefrequenthandwashing.
38Thepassageindicatesthatspendingmoremoneyondiseasepreventionwillmean
Agreaterresponsibilityofthegovernment.
Blessneedforinput、intotreatment.
Chighercostsofhealthcare.
Dmorelifestylechoicesforpeople.
39Thepurposeofthe,S15millionprogramisto
Apromotediseaseprevention.
Bbuildmorehighways.
Chelppoorcommunities.
Dwipeoutchronicdiseases.
40EarlycancerscreeningCanhelpreducesignificantly
Athedeathratesfora11chronicdiseases.
Bthekindsofcancerattackingpeople.
Ctheincidencerateforcancer.
Dthedeathrateforcancer."
第三篇TheBodyThieves
IntheearlynineteenthcenturyinBritain,manyimprovementswerebeingmadeinthe
worldofmedicine.DoctorsandSurgeonswerebecomingmoreknowledgeableaboutthehuman
body.Illnessesthathadbeenfatalafewyearsbeforewerenowcurable.However,Surgeonshad
oneproblem.Theyneededdeadbodiestocutup,ordissect(解剖).Thiswastheonlywaythat
theycouldlearnaboutthefleshandbonesinsidethebody。
andtheonlywaytoteachnew
surgeonstocarryoutoperations.、
Thejoboffindingthesedeadbodieswascarriedoutbyanunpleasantgroupofpeople
called"bodysnatchers''.Theywentintograveyards(墓地)atnightand,usingwoodenshovels
tomakelessnoise。
dugupanyrecentlyburiedbodies.Thentheytookthebodiestothemedical
schoolsandsoldthem.Abodycouldbesoldforbetween£5and~10,whichwasalotofmoney
atthattime.Thedoctorswhopaidthebodysnatchershadallagreementwitht}them-theynever
askedanyquestions.Theydidnotdesiretoknowwherethebodiescamefrom,aslongasthey
keptarriving.
ThemostfamousofthesebodysnatchersweretwomenfromEdinburghcalledWilliam
BurkeandWilliamHare.BurkeandHareweredifferentbecausetheydidnotjustdigUpbodies
fromgraveyards.Theygotgreedyandthoughtofalleasierwaytofindbodies.Insteadof
diggingthemup,theykilledthepoorerguestsinHare'ssmallhotel.Dr.Knox,therespected
surgeontheyworkedfor,neveraskedwhyallthebodiestheybroughthimhadbeenstrangled
(勒死).一
FormanyyearsBurkeandHarewerenotcaughtbecause,unsurprisingly,thebodiesoftheir
victimswereneverfoundbythepolice.Theywereeventuallyarrestedandputontrialin1829.
ThejudgeshowedmercytoHareandhewasreleasedbutBurkeWasfoundguiltyandhis
punishmentwastobehanged.Appropriately,hisbodyWasgiventothemedicalschoolandhe
endeduponthedissectingtable,justlikehisvictims.Inonesmallway,.justicewasdone.
Now,over150yearslater,surgeonsdonotneedthehelpofcriminalstolearntheirskills.
However,thescienceofsurgerycouldnothavedevelopedwithouttheirrathergruesome(令人
毛骨悚然的)help.
41TheproblemfacingBritishsurgeonsintheearly19thcenturywasthat
Asomeillnessesremainedincurable.
Bfewpeoplewerewillingtoworkassurgeons.
Cmedicalexpensesweretoohigh.
Ddeadbodieswerenoteasilyavailable.
42Thebodysnatchersusedwoodenshovelsbecause
Atheydidnotwishtospoilthedeadbodies.
Btheywantedtokeepthebodiestothemselves
Ctheywereafraidofbeingcaught.
Dtheywerecarefulnottodisturbanyone.
43BurkandHaredifferedfromotherbodysnatchersinthat
Atheygototherpeopletodigupbodiesforthem.
Btheysoldthebodiesonlytoonesurgeon.
Ctheydugupbodiesnotjustfromgraveyards.
Dtheyresortedtomurdertogetbodies.
44ThebodiesofBurke'sandHare'svictimscouldn'tbefoundbythepolicebecause
Atheyhadbeenstolen.
Btheyhadbeenstrangled.
Ctheyhadbeendissected.
Dtheyhadbeenburied.
45Thebodythievescontributedintheirgruesomewayto
Amedicaladvancement.
B,legalprogress.
Csocialstability.
Dmaterialwealth.
【
备注说明,非正文,实际使用可删除如下部分。
本内容仅给予阅读编辑指点:
1、本文件由微软OFFICE办公软件编辑而成,同时支持WPS。
2、文件可重新编辑整理。
3、建议结合本公司和个人的实际情况进行修正编辑。
4、因编辑原因,部分文件文字有些微错误的,请自行修正,并不影响本文阅读。
Note:
itisnotthetext.Thefollowingpartscanbedeletedforactualuse.Thiscontentonlygivesreadingandeditinginstructions:
1.ThisdocumentiseditedbyMicrosoftofficeofficesoftwareandsupportsWPS.
2.Thefilescanbeeditedandreorganized.
3.Itissuggestedtoreviseandeditaccordingtotheactualsituationofthecompanyandindividuals.
4.Duetoeditingreasons,someminorerrorsinthetextofsomedocumentsshouldbecorrectedbyyourself,whichdoesnotaffectthereadingofthisarticle.