城市景观规划设计外文文献翻译.docx
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城市景观规划设计外文文献翻译
城市景观规划设计外文文献翻译
(含:
英文原文及中文译文)
文献出处:
BrookerL.Ecologicalplanningintheurbanlandscapedesign [J].Landscape&UrbanPlanning,2013,6(4):
15-26.
英文原文
Ecologicalplanningintheurbanlandscapedesign
BrookerL
1CityandTheLandscape
1.1OverviewofLandscapeDesign
Landscapedesign,first,isapeople'sthinkingactivity,performedasanartactivity.Diversifiedthoughtsformedcomplexdiverselandscapeartstyle.Contemporarylandscapedesignapparentlyseeisthediversityofthelandscapeforms,infactitsessenceistokeeptheclosinguptothenaturalordersystem,reflectedthemorerespectforhumanbeings,morein-depthperspectiveofthenatureofhuman'srealityandneed,nottotrytoconquerthenature.itisnotevenimitatingnatural,butproduceasenseofbelonging.Landscapeisnotonlyaphenomenonbutthehumanvisualscene.Sotheearliestlandscapeimplicationisactuallycityscene.Landscapedesignandcreationisactuallytobuildthecity.
1.2TheRelationshipbetweenLandscapeandUrban
Cityisaproductofhumansocial,economicandculturaldevelopment,andthemostcomplextype.Itisvulnerabletotheartificialandnaturalenvironmentalconditionsofinterference.Inrecentdecades,withworldwidetheaccelerationofurbanization,theurbanpopulationintensive,heavytraffic,resourceshortage,environmentpollutionandecologydeteriorationhasbecomethefocusofattentionofthehumansociety.Inthecurrentenvironmentconditioninourcountry,theproblemisveryserious.Andinsomeurbanareas,thepollutionhasquiteserious,andgreatlyinfluencedandrestrictsthesustainabledevelopmentofthecity.
Landscapeistherelationshipbetweenmanandman,manandnature.Thisis,infact,akindofhumanlivingprocess.Livingprocessisactuallywiththepowersofnatureandtheinteractionprocess,inordertoobtainharmoniousprocess.Thelandscapeistheresultofhumanlifeinordertosurviveandtoadaptthenatural.Atthesametime,thelivingprocessisalsoaprocessofestablishingharmoniouscoexistence.Therefore,asacolonylandscape,itisastigmaoftherelationshipbetweenmanandnature.
2Thecitylandscapeplanninganddesign
2.1citylandscapeelements
Theurbanlandscapeelementsincludenaturallandscapeandartificiallandscape.Amongthem,thenaturallandscapeismainlyreferstothenaturalscenery,suchassizehills,ancientandfamoustrees,stone,rivers,lakes,oceans,etc.Artificiallandscapearethemainculturalrelics,culturalsite,thebotanicalgardenafforestation,artsketch,tradefairs,buildstructure,square,etc.Theselandscapeelementsmustofferalotofexamplesforcreatinghighqualityoftheurbanspaceenvironment.Butforauniqueurbanlandscape,youmustputallsortsoflandscapeelementsinthesystemorganization,andcreateanorderlyspaceform.
2.2Theurbanlandscapeintheplanning
Thecityisanorganicwhole,whichiscomposedwithmaterial,economy,culture,andsociety.Toimprovetheurbanenvironmentisacommonvoice.Thekeyoftheurbanlandscapedesignistostrengthenurbandesignideas,strengthenurbandesignwork.Andblendurbandesignthoughtintothestagesofurbanplanning.Theoverallurbanplanninginthecitylandscapeplanningisnottoabandonthetraditionalgarden,greenspaceplanning,buttheextensionanddevelopmentofit.Botharenoconflict,butalsocannotbeequal.Inlandscapeplanningofcityplanning,weshouldfirstanalysistheurbanlandscaperesourcesstructure;fullyexploitlandscapeelementswhichcanreflectthecharacteristicsofurban.Considercarefullyfortheformationofthesystemofurbanlandscape.
3Ecologicalplanningandurbanlandscape
3.1Therelationshipofurbanlandscapeandecologicalplanning
Landscapeecologyisanewlyemergedcrossdiscipline,themainresearchspacepatternandecologicalprocessesofinteraction,itsthemeistheforkthegeographyandecology.It'swiththewholelandscapeastheobject,throughthematerialflow,energyflowandinformationflowingthesurfaceoftheearthandvalueintransmissionandexchange,throughthebiologicalandthebiologicalandtheinteractionbetweenhumanandtransformation,theecologicalsystemprincipleandsystemresearchmethodsoflandscapestructureandfunction.
Thedynamicchangeoflandscapehasinteractionmechanism,theresearchofthelandscapepattern,optimizingthestructure,beautifythereasonableuseandtheprotection,haveverystrongpracticability.Urbanecologicalsystemisanatural,economicandsocialcompositeartificialecosystem,itincludinglifesystem,environmentsystem,withacomplexmulti-levelstructure,canbeindifferentapproachesofhumanactivityandthemutualrelationshipbetweenthecityandinfluence.Urbanenvironmentplanningguidanceandcoordinationasamacrodepartmentinterests,optimizingtheallocationoflandresourcescity,reasonableurbanspaceenvironmentorganizationtheimportantstrategicdeployment,musthaveecologicalconcept.Onlytohavetheecologicalview,toguidetheconstructionofthecityinthefuturetoecologicalcitygoal,toestablishtheharmoniouslivingenvironment.
3.2landscapeinthelivingenvironmentofecologicaleffect
Landscapeasaunitoflandbydifferentinlaidwithobviousvisualcharacteristicsofthegeographicentities,withtheeconomic,ecologicalandaestheticvalue,themultiplevaluejudgmentislandscapeplanningandmanagementfoundation.Landscapeplanninganddesignalwaysistocreateapleasantlandscapeasthecenter.Theappropriatehumannaturecanunderstandthelandscapeformoresuitableforhumansurvival,reflectecologicalcivilizationlivingenvironment,includinglandscape,buildingeconomy,prudentsexecologicalstability,environmentalcleanliness,spacecrowdedindex,landscapebeautifuldegreeofcontent,thecurrentmanyplacesforresidentialareaofgreen,static,beauty,Ann'srequirementisthepopularexpression.Landscapealsopaidspecialattentiontothespatialrelationshiplandscapeelements,suchasshapeandsize,densityandcapacity,links,andpartition,locationandofsequence,astheircontentofmaterialandnaturalresourcesasimportantasquality.Astheurbanlandscapeplanningshouldpayattentiontoarrangethecityspacepattern,therelativeconcentrationoftheopenspace,theconstructionspacetodensityalternatewith;Inartificialenvironmentappearedtonature;Increasethevisuallandscapediversity;ProtecttheenvironmentMindanaoandtopromotegreenspacesystemconstruction.
3.3Theurbanlandscapeandecologicalplanninganddesignofthefusionofeachother
Itisaccompaniedbyindustrializationandafterthearrivaloftheeraofindustrialandincreasinglyclear.Naturalandcultural,designoftheenvironmentandlifeenvironment,beautifulformandecologicalfunctionsofrealcomprehensivefusion,thelandscapeisnolongerasinglecityofspecificland,butlettheablation,tothousands;Itwillletnatureparticipateindesign;Letthenaturalprocesswitheveryoneaccordingtodailylife;Letpeopletoperception,experienceandcarethenaturalprocessandnaturaldesign.
3.4Thecitylandscapeecologicalplanningthehumanizeddesign
"itiswiththepersonthis"designthoughtContemporarylandscapeinmeetpurposeatthesametime,morein-depthperspectiveonhumanofthenatureofrealityandneeds.Firstperformanceforciviliandesigndirection,applicationofnaturalorganicmaterialsandelasticcurveformrichhumanlifespace.Nextisthebarrier-freedesign,namelynoobstacle,notdangerousthing,nomanipulationofthebarrierdesign.Nowtherehavebeentheelderly,thedisabled,fromtheperspectiveofthesocialtendency,barrier-freedesignideasbegantogainpopularity,atthesametimefordisadvantagedpeopletocarryonthedesignalsoishumannaturedesigntooveralldepthdirectiondevelopmenttrend."Itiswiththepersonthis"theservicethoughtsstillbehaveinspecialattentiontoplantofbrightcolor,smellgoodplant,payattentiontoZuoJutextureandtheintensityofthelight.Thedetailprocessingofconsideratemoreexpressionoftheconcern,suchastheonlysteptoshopoftencausedvisualignoredandcausestaggered,inordertoavoidthiskindofcircumstancehappening,contemporarylandscapesitesdonotbeallowedunder3steps;Andassomeresidentialareaandsquareinthebushsetmoppool,convenientthedistrict'shygieneandwastewaterrecyclingwater."Itiswiththepersonthis"theservicethoughtsinmanywaysshowed,themeasureofthestandardishumanlove.
Humanlandscapedesignconceptishumanlandscapedesignistopointtoinlandscapedesignactivity,payattentiontohumanneeds,inviewoftheusertotheenvironmentofthelandscapeofaneedtospreaddesign,whichsatisfiedtheuser"physiologicalandpsychological,physicalandmental"multi-levelneeds,embodiesthe"people-oriented"designthought.Urbanpublicspacehumanlandscapedesign,fromthefollowingfouraspectstounderstand:
physicallevelofcare.Humanlandscapedesignwithfunctionalandtherationalityofdesignintopremisecondition,payattentiontothephysicalspacereasonablelayoutandeffectiveuseofthefunction.Publicspacedesignshouldnotonlymakepeople'spsychologyandphysiologyfeelscomfortable,stillshouldconfigurationoffacilitiestomeetpeople'scomplexactivitiesdemand.
Clubwilllevelofcare.Emphasizestheconcernofhumansurvivalenvironment,thedesignintheareaunderthebackgroundofurbanecologicaloverallplanninganddesign,tomaketheresources,energyrationallyandeffectivelyusing,toachievethenatural,socialandeconomicbenefitsoftheunityofthethree.toa