人教版选修6Unit 1虚拟语气一.docx
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人教版选修6Unit1虚拟语气一
SectionⅢ Grammar——虚拟语气
(一)
课前语法感知
Ⅰ.教材语法感知
教材原句
①Haveyoueverwishedyoucouldpaintaswellasaprofessionalartist?
②Ifyouwereanartist,whatkindofpictureswouldyoupaint?
③Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered,noonewouldhavebeenabletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.
④Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique,wewouldnotbeabletoseethemanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous.
⑤Therearescoresofmodernartstyles,butwithouttheImpressionists,manyofthesepaintingstylesmightnotexist.
探究发现
(1)例句①是wish后的宾语从句中表示与现在事实相反的假设,谓语动词用一般过去时。
(2)例句②③中含有if引导的非真实条件句。
②中表示与现在事实相反,从句中用一般过去时。
③中表示与过去事实相反,从句中用过去完成时。
(3)例句④⑤是without引导的含蓄虚拟条件句,都表示与现在事实相反的假设,用一般过去时。
Ⅱ.真题语法感知
1.(2018·北京高考)Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey________(drive)afewmorekilometers.
答案:
haddriven
2.(2017·天津高考)—DoyouhaveBetty'sphonenumber?
—Yes.Otherwise,I________(be)abletoreachheryesterday.
答案:
wouldn'thavebeen
3.(2017·北京高考)Ifthenewsafetysystem__________(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.
答案:
hadbeenput
4.(2015·天津高考)IwishI________(be)atmysister'sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.
答案:
hadbeen
5.(2015·陕西高考)Ellenisafantasticdancer.IwishI
________(dance)aswellasher.
答案:
danced
6.(2015·四川高考)WhatdoyouthinkIshoulddo?
Ifyou________(be)me,wouldyoutalktothem?
答案:
were
课堂合作探究
虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
下面我们讲解虚拟语气在条件状语从句中与名词性从句中的运用。
一、虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法
名师点津
(1)在虚拟语气中,be动词的过去式,通常各种人称都用were;但在口语中,如果主语是单数第三人称,有时也可用was。
(2)几种特殊情况:
①用介词without,butfor短语作条件,代替if条件句。
ButforthewiseleadershipofourParty,wewouldn'tlivesuchahappylife.
要不是我们党的英明领导,我们就不会过上这么幸福的生活。
②隐含条件句:
用but或otherwise连接前后句,隐藏虚拟条件。
Therescuearrivedintime,otherwisetheywouldhavebeenfrozentodeath.
援救人员及时赶到,否则他们早就冻死了。
③错综时间条件句:
虚拟条件和结果不在一个时间段内。
IfIhadfollowedthedoctor'sadviceIwouldn'tsuffersomuchnow.
要是我当时接受了医生的建议,我现在或许不会受如此大的苦了。
④倒装句:
虚拟条件句中,如有助动词were,had或should,可略掉if,并将助动词提到主语之前,形成倒装。
ShouldIbefreetomorrow,Iwouldcometohelpyou.
如果明天我有空,我会来帮助你。
⑤Ifonly句型,意为“要是……就好了”,通常是对过去情况的假设。
IfonlyIhadn'ttoldJackiethetruth,everythingcouldhavebeenallright.
要是我没有告诉杰基实情,所有事情都会进展很顺利的。
⑥asif/though引导的方式状语从句和表语从句,多用虚拟语气。
Hetalkedasifhehadbeentomanyplacesintheworld.
他谈起话来好像他去过世界上的许多地方似的。
Itlooksasifitmightrain.
看上去好像要下雨。
【即景活用1】
(1)单句语法填空
①Ifit________forDad,I________whereIamtoday.(notbe)
②Ifit________(snow)tomorrow,we________(notgo)out.
③Withoutair,there________(be)nolivingthings.
④Ifyou________(work)morecarefully,you________(notmake)somanymistakes.
⑤________I________(be)inyourposition,I________(notconsider)givingupsearching.
⑥________(drive)morecarefully,otherwise,we________(break)thetrafficrules.
答案:
①weren't;wouldn'tbe ②shouldsnow/weretosnow/snowed;wouldn'tgo ③wouldbe ④hadworked;wouldn'thavemade ⑤Should;be;wouldn'tconsider ⑥Drive;wouldbreak
(2)单句写作
①令我们惊奇的是,她说话的语气好像她对我的过去了如指掌。
Tomysurprise,______________________everythingaboutmypast.
②如果他遵照医生的忠告,现在病就好了。
____________________thedoctor'sadvice,he________________alreadynow.
③若不是格林老师的妙招,我们不可能这么出色地完成任务。
ButforMrGreen'swiseadvice,we____________________soperfectly.
④我本想在那张纸上画下她的肖像,但手头没有纸。
I____________________onthepaper,buttherewasnopaperathand.
答案:
①shetalkedasifshehadknown ②Ifhehadfollowed;wouldrecover ③wouldn'thavecompletedourtask ④wouldhavedrawnaportraitofher
二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法
名师点津
(1)在英语中,表示请求、要求、命令或建议等意义的动词所接的宾语从句中,一般用虚拟语气,其谓语动词结构为:
(should+)动词原形。
口诀记忆虚拟动词
对于这类动词,我们可以使用下面的口诀记忆:
一坚持(insist)
二命令(order,command)
三建议(suggest,propose,advise)
四要求(require,request,demand,desire)
(2)insist意为“坚决要求”才用虚拟语气;意为“坚持说,坚持某种观点、某个事实”则不用虚拟语气。
suggest意为“建议”才用虚拟语气,意为“暗示”则不用虚拟语气。
【即景活用2】
(1)单句语法填空
①KateinsistedthatTom________(have)anothertry.
②Thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathe________(be)unhappy.
③Iwouldratheryou________(pay)menow.
④HowIwishI________(know)theexactdateoftheevent.
答案:
①(should)have ②was ③paid ④knew
(2)单句写作
①他若无其事地又继续看他的书。
Hecontinuedwithhisreadingasif________________.
②国王下令庆典于次日举行。
Thekingorderedthatthecelebration______________________.
③要是我听从了老师的建议就好了。
IfonlyI____________________________.
答案:
①nothinghadhappened ②(should)beheldthenextday ③hadtakenmyteacher'sadvice
课后演练提能
[基础题]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Iwouldratheryou________(notknow)what'shappening.Ifso,youwouldn'tbesoworriedaboutus.
答案:
didn'tknow
2.Mydemandisthatyou________(go)toseeyourparentsonceaweekhoweverbusyyouare.
答案:
(should)go
3.Butforwe________(prepare)enoughbeforehand,ourtripwouldn'tbesopleasant.
答案:
hadprepared
4.Thesoldierinsistedthathe________(notbe)Japanese,andthathe________(nottreat)asanenemy.
答案:
wasn't;shouldn'tbetreated
5.Iwishthecity________(do)somethingaboutthepoorconditionoftheroads.
答案:
woulddo
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.Iwouldratheryoustayedathomelastnight.
__________________________________________________________________
答案:
you后加had
2.Ifheisyou,heshouldtryhisbesttogotocollege.
__________________________________________________________________
答案:
is→were
3.Ifyouhadn'tseenthatfilmlatelastnight,youwillnotbesosleepynow.
__________________________________________________________________
答案:
will→would
4.Ourhomewon'tbesosuperbwithoutMom'stidiness.
__________________________________________________________________
答案:
won't→wouldn't
5.IwishIcanaccompanyyouinthecountryside,countingthestarsatnight.
__________________________________________________________________
答案:
can→could
Ⅲ.单句写作
1.第二,如果我是你,我会在傍晚和朋友一起散步。
Secondly,__________________________,Iwouldtakeawalkintheeveningwithmyfriends.
答案:
ifIwereyou
2.另外,我希望一个班不会有太多的学生。
Besides,Iwishthere________________________inaclass.
答案:
wouldn'tbetoomanystudents
3.为了掌握普通话,我强烈建议你和中国人进行练习。
TomasterMandarin,Istronglysuggestyou______________________________________.
答案:
(should)practicewithChinese
4.他的儿子已离家出走一周了,他宁愿自己没对他大喊大叫。
Hissonhadbeenawayfromhomeforaweek.Hewouldratherhe__________________________.
答案:
hadn'tshoutedloudlytohim
5.我希望大家能有个愉快的夜晚!
Iwishweall______________________________!
答案:
hadahappynight
[能力题]
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2019·合肥市高三调研性测试)
InvisibleDialoguesandInventedLanguages
·October13,2018
Thisdiscussionwillexamineselftaughtartistswhousecodedorinventedlanguagesintheirwork.ArtistsincludeMelvinEdwardNelson,andCarloKeshishian.Exploringtherelationshipbetweenlanguageandvisualexpressions,itseekstofindouthowsomeunreadablewords,letters,andsymbolscommunicatemeaning.
·6:
30pm-8:
00pm
·$10members,students,seniors;$12nonmembers
ArtandStorytelling
·October20,2018
ArtistErnestoCaivanowilldiscusstheconnectionofdrawingandstoriesinhiswork,whileexamininghowhisexplorationsofstorytellingrelatetohispreviousworks.
Anotheractivityincludesconversationswithartistsandscholars,providingagoodopportunitytoengagewiththecentralthemesandhistoriesfoundintheartwork.
·6:
30pm-7:
30pm
·$5members,students,seniors;$8nonmembers
SelfTaughtGenius
·October27,2018
SponsorSarahSuzukiwilldiscussselecteddrawingsandprintsonviewintheexhibitionHighlightsfromSelfTaughtGeniusonaguidedgallerytour.
TheprogramisheldtogetherwiththeexhibitionHighlightsfromSelfTaughtGeniusatthenewlyopenedSelfTaughtGeniusGalleryinLongIslandCity,Queens.
·6:
00pm-7:
00pm
·$5members,students,seniors;$8nonmembers
Gender,Politics,andTextiles(纺织品)
·November3,2018
ArthistorianJuliaBryanWilsonwillpresentanillustratedoverviewofherpublicationFray:
ArtandTextilePolitics.Juliawillexploretherelationshipbetweentextiles,gender,andwar.Thebooksigningwillfollowthediscussion.
·6:
30pm-8:
00pm
·$8members,students,seniors;$10nonmembers
篇章导读:
本文是一篇应用文。
文章介绍了几个有关艺术的讨论活动。
1.Whowilltalkaboutdrawingandstories?
A.ErnestoCaivano.
B.SarahSuzuki.
C.MelvinEdwardNelson.
D.JuliaBryanWilson.
答案:
A 细节理解题。
根据第二个活动部分中的“ArtistErnestoCaivanowilldiscusstheconnectionofdrawingandstoriesinhiswork”可知,ErnestoCaivano将会讨论绘画和故事之间的联系,故选A。
2.WhichoftheactivitiesisavailableinNovember,2018?
A.SelfTaughtGenius.
B.ArtandStorytelling.
C.Gender,Politics,andTextiles.
D.InvisibleDialoguesandInventedLanguages.
答案:
C 细节理解题。
根据最后一个活动Gender,Politics,andTextiles(纺织品)的时间介绍“November3,2018”可知,应选C。
3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?
A.Toadvertisesomeactivities.
B.Tointroducesomeartists.
C.Topublicizesomebooks.
D.Tosponsorsomeevents.
答案:
A 推理判断题。
根据对全文的整体理解可知,本文是一篇活动介绍,主要介绍了几个有关艺术的讨论活动,故选A。
B
(2019·广东省肇庆市高中毕业班第一次检测)YoucanseeaseaturtlenamedHerman,anoctopus(章鱼)calledOctavia,andasealnamedLidiaattheSmithsonian'sNationalZooinWashingtonD.C.Ratherthanrealanimals,theyareactuallyartworksmadeoutofplastictrashfromtheocean.
Theseartworksarepartofatravellingexhibitcalled“WashedAshore:
ArttoSavetheSea”.TheWashedAshoreproject,ledbytheartistcalledPozzi,workstoraiseawarenessaboutplasticpollutioninEarth'soceans.
Morethan315billionpoundsofplasticlittertheworld'soceanstoday.Mostoftheplasticisgarbagefromtownsandcities,aswellastrashthatpeopleleaveonbeaches.Rainwater,winds,andhightidesbringthetrashintotheoceanorintoriversthatleadtotheocean.Onceitisunderthewaves,theplasticbeginstobreakupintosmallerandsmallerpieces.
Thousandsofseaanimalsdieeachyearfromeatingplasticbagsandotherthings.Eachyear,millions