How to Speak English.docx

How to Speak English.docx

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HowtoSpeakEnglish

HowtoSpeakEnglish

editsby:

 NeE, JoshW., DaveCrosby, FredericoLinsRolim （seeall）

FiveMethods:

GettingtheBasicsDownGettingFamiliarwiththeGrammarMaintainingProgressUsingYourResourcesSampleCheatSheets

Intoday'sglobalsociety,Englishisthelinguafranca.It'salmostimperativetoknowittofeelcomfortableinmostcircles.Unfortunately,it'salsoanincrediblyinconsistentanddifficultlanguage.Withpracticeandperseverance,youcanlearntospeaktheEnglishlanguageaswellasanynativeEnglishspeaker.

EditMethod1of4:

GettingtheBasicsDown

1.

1

Startsimple. VeryfewpeoplearetruebeginnerswhenitcomestoEnglish."Hello,""hi,""Howareyou?

"andnumeralshaveinfiltratedmostsocieties.OddsareyouknowmoreEnglishthanyouthink.

∙Takewhatyouknow.Forexample,"Howareyou?

"Thatusestheverb"tobe."Whatareotherquestionsjustlikethis?

Takewhatyouknowandexpandit!

∙Howisshe?

Howisyourfather?

Howareyourchildren?

Howistheweather?

∙Startmemorizingverbs.ThetoptenmostcommonverbsinEnglisharethefollowing:

"be,""have,""do,""say,""get,""make,""go,""know,""take,"and"see."[1] Justknowingtheseverbscangetyouthroughalotofbasicconversations.

∙Englishissubject-verb-object,inthatorder.Yoursubjectpronounsare:

"I,""you,""he"/"she"/"it,""we,""you,""they."ObjectpronounsinEnglishare:

"me,""you,""him"/"her"/"it,""us,""you,""them."WiththoseverbsandknowingEnglishisSVO,whatsentencescanyoucomeupwith?

∙Iknowher.

Shemakesit.

Hetakesus.

2

Practiceconversations. Onceyouhavebasicsubjectandobjectpronounsdownandahandfulofverbs,youcanstartaskingquestions.

∙Questionsoftenopenwith"who,""what,""when,""where,""why,"and"how.""Who"indicatesaperson;"what"indicatesathing;"when"indicatesatime;"where"indicatesaplace;"why"indicatesareason;"how"indicatesamanner.

∙Sayyouknowthesubjects,somebasicnouns,thosetenverbs,andthesequestionstarters.WhataresomethingsyoucouldaskanEnglishspeaker?

∙Whatisyourname?

Whatdoyoudo?

Whenisyourbirthday?

Whereisshe?

Whydoyouhaveit?

Howdoyouknow?

EditMethod2of4:

GettingFamiliarwiththeGrammar

1.

1

Startwiththepresenttenses. Let'sstartwithpresentsimpleandpresentcontinuous:

∙Presentsimpleisusedforfactsandhabits.Ifyouaredescribingsomethingthatistrueorsomethingthathappensoften,optforthepresentsimple.

∙I go toworkeveryday.

She eats breakfastat7.

China is abigcountry.

∙Presentcontinuousisusedforthingsthatarehappeningrightnow.Therearetwoverbs:

ahelperandamainverb.Thehelperis"am"/"is"/"are"（dependingonthesubject）andthemainverbisanyverbwith-ing:

∙You arereading.

I amtyping.

He iswatching TV.

2

Movetothepastandfuturetenses. Onceyou'vemasteredthepresent,getstartedonthepastandfuturetenses.We'rejustgoingtogooverthebasiconesnow:

∙Usethepastsimpleforanyeventthathappenedinthepastataspecifictime.

∙I saw thatmovielastyear.

She died onaplane.

We went tothebankyesterday.

∙Forthefuture,let'skeepitsimple.Addafuturetimemarker,andjustusethepresentcontinuous!

Itcandoubleasafuturetense,too.

∙They aremaking acaketomorrow.

You areleaving inMay.

I amgoing at6pm.

3

Putyouradjectivesbeforenouns. Always,always,alwaysputtheadjective（thewordthatdescribes）beforethenoun.Always!

Infact,there'sevenanorderwithinadjectives:

∙Thereareeightbasictypesofadjectives:

opinion,size,age,shape,color,origin,material,andpurpose.Ifyouhavemorethanone, theygointhatorder[2].So,it'sa"huge,round,metalbowl"ora"small,redsleepingbag."

EditMethod3of4:

MaintainingProgress

1.

1

Labeleverything. TaketheobjectsinyourhouseandlabelthemwiththeirEnglishequivalent.ThegoalistogetyourmindthinkinginEnglish.Whenit'srightthere,it'llbeunignorable.

∙Whenyou'velabeledeverythingandfindyourselfthinking,"Whereismyblanket?

"trytothinkoftheword（orsentence）inEnglish.Whenyoufindyourblanket,wereyouright?

∙Don'twriteontheobjects--grabaslipofpaperandtapeitonsturdily.

2

Keepaneyeonyourpronunciation. It'sveryeasytogetcaughtupinmemorizingwordswhenpronunciationcanbejustasimportant.Unfortunately,Englishhasexceptionstomostrules.Buttherearestillsomegeneralguidelinesyoucanabideby:

∙Alwayssaythelastsoundsintheword.CertainAsiandialectsfindthisratherdifficult.Ifyouknowyou'reguiltyofthis,keepitinmind."Streets"isnotpronouncedstree.The"ts"isveryimportantinretainingmeaning.

∙Takethesentence"Iprojecttheprojectwillendsoon."Confusing,huh?

Isn'tEnglishSVO?

Yes,andthissentenceistoo.Thefirst"project"（verb）ispronounced pro-JECT;thesecond（noun）ispronounced PRO-ject.Thesameistrueforallverb-nounpairs:

nounsstressthefirstsyllable,verbsthesecond.

∙Thoughtherearedefiniteexceptions,mostnounsinEnglishhavethefirstsyllablestressed.Thinkofthenounsinyourhouse:

 "BED-room,""BATH-room,""KITCH-en,""TA-ble,""WIN-dow,""SO-fa,""WA-ter,""JACK-et,""TOI-let," etc.

3

Pickadialect. TherearemeaningfuldifferencesbetweenAmerican,British,andAustralianEnglish.Beforeyougoaboutincreasingyourvocabulary,whichoneappealstoyou?

∙Sometimesit's veryimportant toknowwhoyou'respeakingto.IfyoutellanAmericanyou'renotwearingpants,theymightwonderifyou'rewearingshorts,askirt,orjustinyourunderwear.IfyoutellaBrityou'renotwearingpants,you'regoingcommando!

∙Inadditiontovocabularydifferences,thepronunciationdifferencesarehuge.Knowthesevariationsexistbeforeyougetconfusedwithmultiplecorrectpronunciations.

∙CertaindictionariesuseBritishEnglishandcertaindictionariespreferAmerican.Choosetheonethat'sbestforyou.

EditMethod4of4:

UsingYourResources

1.

1

Getagooddictionary. Ifyouneedto,getseveral.AdictionarytotranslatebetweenyourfirstlanguageandEnglishisbest,inadditiontoadictionaryinEnglishonly.

∙Getapocket-sizedversionforwhenyou'reonthegoandthatpeskywordyoukeepforgettingcomesup.

2

SpeakinEnglishwithnativespeakers. Thoughitmaybetemptingtospeakwithyourotherfriendswhoarelearningtoo,you'llseethequickestresultsifyouconversemainlywithnativespeakers.

∙Hireatutororprivateteacher.Makesurethey'renativeandhavetheaccentyouwant.Choosesomeonewithteachingexperience--justbecauseyoucanspeakalanguagedoesnotmeanyoucanteachit.

∙Ifateacherisn'tupyouralley,getapenpal!

3

Usetheinternet. Thereareliterallyhundredsuponhundredsofsitesyoucanusetoyourbenefit.Anythingtomakegrammarmoreexcitingiswelcome--therearegamesandvideosgalore.

∙SuchresourcescanbefoundatSimpleEnglishWikipedia[3],theBritishCouncil[4],andEnglishClub[5],amongmanyothers.

∙YouTubedoesn'thavetobeaboutfunnycatsandRihanna.Tapintoitseducationalresourcesaswell.

4

WatchTV,listentosongs,andreadbooks. ThoughyourgoalistospeakEnglish,youhavetobeabletounderstandit,too!

Evenwhenyou'realoneandnotstuckinagrammarexerciseyoucankeepyourmindprimed..

∙Startwithchildren'sbooksandTVshows.Thelanguageissimplerandwillgoslower.Eventually,movetochannelscateredtoyourinterests.Ifyouenjoycooking,graduatetotheFoodNetworkandseewhatyoucanpickupon.Trynottoturnonthecaptions!

∙IfyouhaveaDVR,recordtheshows.Thatwayyoucangobackandworkthroughthedialogueandconversationsatyourownpace.

∙ListentoEnglishmusic!

Balladsgoquiteslowlyandtherefrainscanberatherrepetitive.Yourvocabularywillnaturallyexpand,too.

5

ThinkinEnglish. Ifyoufindyourselfthinkingsomethingsimpleinyounativetongue,whatwoulditsequivalentbeinEnglish?

Makeahabitofthisformaintenanceandmemory.

∙Thinkoutloudifhelps.Explaintoyourroommatesorfamilywhatyou'retryingtodo;maybethey'llwanttocatchon,too!

Eventually,simplephraseswillbecomeparforthecourse.

 Addyourownmethod

窗体顶端

窗体底端

EditSampleCheatSheets

SampleEnglishExpressions

SampleEnglishVerbConjugations

SpellingTipsandTricks

EditTips

∙TrytopracticespeakingEnglishinyourdailylife.

∙Don'tuseyourdictionaryallthetime.Youwillfindyourselfonthesamepageanhourlaterandveryfrustrated.Trytoworkoffofcontextandonlyuseyourdictionarywhenyouabsolutelymust.

∙Practiceeveryday.Alanguagewillnotbecomesecondnatureifitisafreetimehobby.

∙LearningEnglishrequiresalotofpracticeanddetermination.Ittakesalongtime,aswithanylanguage,tobecomegoodatit.