快速阅读真题讲练.docx

快速阅读真题讲练.docx

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快速阅读真题讲练

快速阅读真题讲练

WhatisIntegrity?

①.Thekeytointegrityisconsistency--notonlysettinghighpersonalstandardsforoneself（honesty,responsibility,respectforothers,fairness）butalsolivinguptothosestandardseachday.Onewhohasintegrityisboundbyandfollowsmoralandethicalstandardsevenwhenmakinglife’shardchoices,choiceswhichmaybecloudedbystress,pressuretosucceed,ortemptation.Whathappensifwelie,cheat,steal,orviolateotherethicalstandards?

Wefeeldisappointedinourselvesandashamed.Butalapseofintegrityalsoaffectsourrelationshipswithothers.②.Trustisessentialinanyimportantrelationship,whetherpersonalorprofessional.Whocantrustsomeonewhoisdishonestorunfair?

Thus,integritymustbeoneofourmostimportantgoals.RiskyBusinessWeareeachresponsibleforourowndecisions,evenifthedecision-makingprocesshasbeenunderminedbystressorpeerpressure.Therealtestofcharacteriswhetherwecanlearnfromourmistake,byunderstandingwhyweactedaswedid,andthenexploringwaystoavoidsimilarproblemsinthefuture.Makingethicaldecisionsisacriticalpartofavoidingfutureproblems.③.Wemustlearntorecognizerisks,becauseifwecan’tseetheriskswe’retaking,wecan’tmakeresponsiblechoices.Toidentifyrisks,weneedtoknowtherulesandbeawareofthefacts.Forexample,onewhodoesn’tknowtherulesaboutplagiarismmayaccidentallyusewordsorideaswithoutgivingpropercredit,oronewhofailstokeepcarefulresearchnotesmayunintentionallyfailtoquoteandcitesourcesasrequired.④.Butthefactthatsuchaviolationisunintentionaldoesnotexcusethemisconduct.Ignoranceisnotadefense.ButEverybodyDoesItMostpeoplewhogetintroubledoknowtherulesandfacts,butmanagetofoolthemselvesabouttherisksthey’retakingbyusingexcuses:

Everyoneelsedoesit,I’mnothurtinganyone,orIreallyneedthisgrade.Excusescangetveryelaborate:

IknowI’mlookingatanother’sexam,eventhoughI’msupposedtokeepmyeyesonmyownpaper,butthat’snotcheatingbecauseI’mjustcheckingmyanswers,notcopying.Wemustbehonestaboutouractions,andavoidexcuses.Ifwefoolourselvesintobelievingwe’renotdoinganythingwrong,wecan’tseetherealchoicewe’remaking--andthatleadstobaddecisions.⑤.Toavoidfoolingyourself,watchoutforexcusesandtrythistest:

Askhowyouwouldfeelifyouractionswerepublic,andanyonecouldbewatchingoveryourshoulder.Wouldyoufeelproudorashamedofyouractions?

Ifyou’dratherhideyouractions,that’sagoodindicationthatyou’retakingariskandrationalizingittoyourself.EvaluatingRisksTodecidewhetherariskisworthtaking,youmustexaminetheconsequences,inthefutureas批注[U1]:

Recognize,identify近义词wellasrightnow,negativeaswellaspositive,andtoothersaswellastoyourself.⑥.Thosewhotakeriskstheylaterregretusuallyfocusonimmediatebenefits（what’sinitforme）,andsimplyhaven’tconsideredwhatmightgowrong.Theconsequencesofgettingcaughtareserious,andmayincludea0onatestorassignment;anFintheclass;SuspensionorDismissalfromschool;transcriptnotation;andatarnishedreputation.Infact,whenyoubreakaruleorlaw,youlosecontroloveryourlife,andgiveothersthepowertoimposepunishment:

youhavenocontroloverwhatthatpunishmentmightbe.Thisisanextremelyprecariousandvulnerableposition.Theremaybesomemattersoflifeanddeath,orhighestprinciple,whichmightjustifysucharisk,buttherearen’tmanythingsthatfallinthiscategory.GettingAwayWithIt--OrNot⑦.Thosewhodon’tgetcaughtpayanevenhigherprice.Acheaterdoesn’tlearnfromthetest,deprivinghim/herselfofaneducation.Cheatingunderminesconfidenceandindependence:

thecheaterisafraud,andknowsthatwithoutdishonesty,he/shewouldhavefailed.Cheatingdestroysself-esteemandintegrity,leavingthecheaterashamed,guilty,andafraidofgettingcaught.Worstofall,acheaterwhodoesn’tgetcaughtthefirsttimeusuallycheatsagain,notonlybecausehe/sheisfartherbehind,butalsobecauseitseemseasier.Thisslipperyslopeoferodingethicsandbiggerrisksleadsonlytodisaster.Eventually,thecheatergetscaught,andthelaterhe/shegetscaught,theworsetheconsequences.Studentshavebeendismissedfromschoolbecausetheydidn’tgetthissimplemessage:

HonestyistheONLYpolicythatworks.CheatingHurtsOthers,TooCheatersoftenfeelinvisible,asiftheiractionsdon’tcountanddon’treallyhurtanyone.Butindividualchoiceshaveaprofoundcumulativeeffect.Cheatingcanspreadlikeadisease,andacheatercanencourageothersjustbybeingseenfromacrosstheroom.Recentstatisticssuggest30%ormoreofcollegestudentscheat.Ifaclassisgradedonacurve,cheatinghurtsothers’grades.Evenifthereisnocurve,cheatingpoisonstheclassroom,andothersmayfeelpressuredtojoinin.（IfIdon’tcheat,Ican’tcompetewiththosewhodo.）Cheatingalsohasadestructiveimpactonteachers.Therealrewardofgoodteachingisseeingstudentslearn,but⑧.acheatersays,I’mnotinterestedinwhatyou’retryingtoteach;allIcareaboutisstealingagrade,regardlessoftheeffectonothers.Theendresultisablatantanddestructiveattackonthequalityofyoureducation.Finally,cheatingcanhurtthereputationoftheUniversity,andharmthosewhoworkedhardfortheirdegree.WhyIntegrityMattersIfcheatingbecomesthenorm,thenweareinbigtrouble.⑨.Wemustrelyonthehonestyandgoodfaithofotherseveryday.Ifnot,wecouldn’tputmoneyinthebank,buyfood,clothing,ormedicinefromothers,driveacrossabridge,getonaplane,gotothedentist--thelistisendless.Therearemanyexamplesofthevastharmthatiscausedwhenindividualsforgetorignoretheeffecttheirdishonestycanhave.Thesavingsandloanscandal,thestockmarketandjunkbondswindles,and,ofcourse,⑩.Watergate,haveunderminedthefaithofmanyAmericansintheintegrityofpoliticalandeconomicleadersandsocietyasawhole.Suchincidentstakeatremendoustollonournation’seconomyandourindividualwell-being.Forexample,butforthesavingsandloandebacle,theremightbefundsavailabletoreducethenationaldebtandpayforeducation.Insum,weallhaveacommonstakeinourschool,ourcommunity,andoursociety.Ouractionsdomatter.Itisessentialthatweactwithintegrityinordertobuildthekindofworldinwhichwewanttolive.解析：

1.Apersonofintegritynotonlysetshighmoralandethicalstandardsbutalso_______.A）stickstothemintheirdailylifeB）makesthemknowntoothersC）understandstheirtruevaluesD）seesthatothersalsofollowthem选择stickstothemintheirdailylife定位在原文第一段，文中说正直（integrity）的关键是一致性（consistency），不仅要有很多道德和伦理的准则，还要每天都坚守。

2.Whatroledoesintegrityplayinpersonalandprofessionalrelationships?

A）IthelpstocreateteamspiritB）ItfacilitatescommunicationC）ItisthebasisofmutualtrustD）Itinspiresmutualrespect选择Itisthebasisofmutualtrust.题干问正直在人际关系和事业关系中扮演着什么样的角色。

定位回第二段，文中说信任（trust）在任何关系中都是最根本的（essential），而正直正是最重要的目标之一。

3.whymustwelearntoidentifytheriskswearegoingtotake？

A.Toensurewemakeresponsiblechoices.B.Toavoidbeingoverwhelmedbystress.C.sothatwedontbreakanyrules.D.sothatwedontrunintotrouble.选择Toensurewemakeresponsiblechoices.定位回原文第四段标红的句子，答案完全照抄原文。

4.Violationofaruleismisconductevenif_______?

A.ithascausednoharm.B.itisclaimedtobeunintentional.C.ithasgoneunnoticed.D.itiscommittedwithgoodintentions选择itisclaimedtobeunintentional.定位至第四段倒数第二句，文中说无意识的（unintentional）并不能为这一违背（violation）道德的行为开脱。

批注[U2]:

excuse5.Whatshouldonedoifhedoesntwishtofoolhimself?

A.Avoidmakingexcuses.B.Listentootherpeoplesadvice.C.Makehisintensionspublic.D.Haveotherswatchoverhisshoulder.选择Avoidmakingexcuses定位回到第六段段首，watchoutforexcuses与本答案对应。

6.Thosewhotakeriskstheyregretlateron_______.A.willoftenbecomemorecautiousB.areusuallyveryaggressiveC.valueimmediatebenefitsmost.immediatebenefitsD.mayloseeverythingintheend选择valueimmediatebenefitsmost定位回到第七段二句，文章说那些人通常专注于当下的利益，与本答案对应。

7.Accordingtotheauthor,acheaterwhodoesntgetcaughtrightawaywill_______.A）paymoredearlyB）becomemoreconfidentC）bewidelyadmiredD）feelsomewhatlucky选择paymoredearly定位点在八段首，看到其他三个选项大概都会笑出来。

8、这题不好找，在倒数第三段中间Cheatersatexamdontcareabouttheireducation,alltheycareaboutishowtostealagrade.本空在原文的成分是表语，故steal是动名词+ing的形式，这里空前的to是动词不定式的标志，因此steal要改为原型，未改写者不得分。

9、倒数二段首句中relyon处Integritymattersinthatallsocialactivitiesrelyonpeopleshonestyandgoodfaith.10、倒数第二段中间处ManyAmericanslostfaithintheintegrityoftheirpoliticalleadersasaresultofWatergate.本次快速阅读选择题整体难度偏易，填空题偏难，话题幽默讽刺，意在告诉大家要做一个正直的人，考试不能作弊。

仔细阅读PassageOne来自英国卫报（TheGuardian）:

single-sexschoolshelpboystoenjoyarts,saysstudy57.Boys’schoolsaretheperfectplacetoteachyoungmentoexpresstheiremotionsandaremorelikelytogetinvolvedinactivitiessuchasart,danceandmusic,accordingtoresearchreleasedtoday.Farfromthetraditionalimageofacultureofaggressivemasculinityinwhichstudentseithersinkorswim,theabsenceofgirlsgivesboysthechancetodevelopwithoutpressuretoconformtoastereo*type,theUSstudysays.57.Boysatsinglesexschoolsweresaidtobemorelikelytogetinvolvedinculturalandartisticactivitiesthathelpeddeveloptheiremotionalexpressiveness,ratherthanfeelingtheyhadtoconformtotheboycodeofhidingtheiremotionstobearealman.Thereport,presentedat