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STCPLS005教案操作系统
大连交通大学
教案
2008~2009学年第2学期
教学单位软件学院
课程名称operatingsystems
课程编号0120408037
学时48学分3
适用专业软件工程年级06级
授课教师李东艳
职称讲师职务教师
大连交通大学教务处制
课程教学实施计划
授课教师
李东艳
辅导教师/助教
实验/实践教学指导教师
李东艳
学时计划
总学时
理论学时
上机
学时
多媒体教
学学时
习题课
实验学时
48
36
4
4
4
使用教材
名称
出版社
出版时间
获奖情况
Modernoperatingsystems
机械工业出版社
2004
参
考
书
目
操作系统----精髓与设计原理
电子工业出版社
2006
操作系统原理
清华大学出版
2005
计算机操作系统
西安电子科技大学出版社
2004
教
学
要
求
Operatingsystemsisacoursethatprovidesapreciseintroductiontotheprinciplesofoperatingsystemswithnumerousexamples,exercises,andprogrammingcode.Sobylearningthiscourse,studentsshouldmastertheconcepts,principlesandimplementationofoperatingsystems
教
学
创
新
与
更
新
Theoperatingsystemisanessentialpartofanycomputersystems.Soacourseaboutoperatingsystemsisanessentialpartofanycomputer-scienceeducation.Thiscourseprovidesacleardescriptionoftheconceptsaboutoperatingsystems.Inthecourseofteaching,wewillusemanyexamplestointroducethecontentsofthiscourse,andwealsoaskstudentstoimplementsomealgorithmsinoperatingsystemswithC++language
考核方式
闭卷(英)
成绩计算方法
平时成绩+期末成绩×80%
章节名称
学时
分配
教学方法与手段
进度计划
(周次)
1INTRODUCTION
4
lecture
1
2PROCESSESANDTHREADS
12
lcture,exercise
2,3,4
EXERCISEI
2
exercise
5
(1)
OPERATING
4
operating
5
(2),6
(1)
3DEADLOCKS
4
lecture,exercise
6
(2),7
(1)
4MEMORYMANAGEMENT
8
lecture,exercise
7
(2),8,9
(1)
EXPERIMENT
4
experiment
9
(2),10
(1)
5INPUT/OUTPUT
4
lecture
10
(2),11
(1)
6FILESYSTEMS
4
lecture,exercise
11
(2),12
(1)
EXERCISEII
2
exercise
12
(2)
各章教学实施计划
章节题目
Chapter1Introduction
课时安排
4
授课时间
the1stweek
教学目的、要求(分了解、理解、掌握三个层次):
Master:
whatisanoperatingsystem;batchsystems;multiprogramming;spooling;CPUmode;
trapandinterrupt
Understand:
offline;timesharing;real-timeoperatingsystems;systemscalls;
computerhardwarereview
Know:
GUI;userfriendly;mainframeoperatingsystems;serveroperatingsystems;
operatingsystemszoo;win32API;operatingsystemstructure
教学内容(包括基本内容、重点、难点):
1.1WhatisanOperatingSystem?
Theoperatingsystemasanextendedmachine(emphasis)
Theoperatingsystemasaresourcemanager(emphasis)
1.2HistoryofOperatingSystems
Batchsystems(emphasis)
Multiprogramming(emphasis)
Spooling(difficulty)
Timesharing
1.3TheOperatingSystemsZoo
Mainframeoperatingsystems
Serveroperatingsystems
Multipleoperatingsystems
Real-timeoperatingsystems(emphasis)
1.4ComputerHardwareReview
Kernelmode;Usermode(difficulty)
1.5OperatingSystemConcepts
1.6SystemCalls
Systemcalls(difficulty)
TrapandInterrupt(emphasis)
Thewindowswin32API
1.7OperatingSystemStructure
讨论、思考题、作业:
P67-68:
1,2,8,14
参考书目(含参考书、文献等)具体内容:
课堂教学实施计划
第1课
教学过程设计:
复习0分钟;授新课85分钟
讨论5分钟;其它0分钟
授课类型(请打√):
理论课□讨论课□实验课□习题课□其它□
教学方式(请打√):
讲授□讨论□示教□指导□其它□
教学手段(请打√):
多媒体□模型□实物□挂图□音像□其它□
教学内容(包括基本内容、重点、难点):
Contentofthecourse:
✧Processesandthreads
✧Deadlocks
✧Memorymanagement
✧Input/output
✧Filesystems
Fourfunctionsofmodernoperatingsystems:
✧Processesandthreadsmanagement
✧Memorymanagement
✧Input/outputmanagement
✧Filesystemsmanagement
Positionofoperatingsystems:
✧Kernelmode:
Theprogramsinitcanbeprotectedfromusertamperingbythehardware.
✧Usermode:
Theprogramsinitcan’tbeprotectedfromusertamperingbythehardware.
Privilegedinstructions:
✧ControlI/Odevices
✧Setsystemregisters
✧Handlessystemtable:
processtable;threadtable;memorymaptable
✧Modifyclock
✧Manageinterrupt
1.1WhatisanOperatingSystem?
1.1.1TheOperatingSystemasanExtendedMachine
✧Hidesthemessydetailswhichmustbeperformed
✧Presentsuserwithavirtualmachine,easiertouse
1.1.2TheOperatingSystemasaResourceManager
✧Eachprogramgetstimewiththeresource:
differentprogramstaketurnstouseresources.
✧Eachprogramgetsspaceontheresource:
eachgetpartsoftheresources.
1.2HistoryofOperatingSystems
1.2.1TheFirstGeneration(1945-1955)VacuumTubesandPlugboards
Thereisnooperatingsystem.
1.2.2TheSecondGeneration(1955-1965)TransistorsandBatchSystems
Batchsystems:
collectingatrayfullofjobsandreadingthemontoamagnetictapeandthenlettingthosejobstorunninginturncontinuously.
Offline:
theinputandoutputofdataandprogramsarenotcontrolledbymainmachinebutperipheralmachine.
1.2.3TheThirdGeneration(1965-1980)ICs(integratedcircuits)andMultiprogramming
Multiprogramming:
partitioningmemoryintoseveralpieces,withadifferentjobineachpartition.WhileoneobwaswaitingforI/Otocomplete,anotherjobcouldbeusingtheCPU.
Spooling(SimultaneousPeripheralOperationsOnLine)
Timesharing:
eachuserhasanonlineterminal,theCPUcanbeallocatedinturntothejobsthatwantservice.
1.2.4TheFourthGeneration(1980-present)PersonalComputers
GUI(GraphicalUserInterface)
userfriendly
NetworkOperatingSystem
DistributedOperatingSystem
1.3TheOperatingSystemZoo
1.3.1MainframeOperatingSystems
ThemainframeOSareheavilyorientedtowardprocessingmanyjobsatonce,mostofwhichneedprodigiousamountofI/O.Theytypicallyofferthreekindsofservices:
batch,transactionprocessing,andtimesharing.
1.3.2ServerOperatingSystems
Servemultipleusersatonceoveranetworkandallowtheuserstosharehardwareandsoftwareresources.
1.3.3MultiprocessorOperatingSystems
1.3.4PersonalComputerOperatingSystems
Thisoperatingsystemprovideagoodinterfacetoasingleuser,andmustbefriendlytouser,Forexample:
✧Windows98
✧Windows2000
✧Windows2003
✧MacintoshOS
✧Linux
1.3.5Real-timeOperatingSystems
Thesesystemsarecharacterizedbyhavingtimeasakeyparameter,andusuallyusedinindustrialprocesscontrolsystems.
✧hardreal-time:
theactionabsolutelymustoccuratacertainmoment(orwithinacertainrange).
✧softreal-time:
missinganoccasionaldeadlineisacceptable.
1.3.6EmbeddedOperatingSystems
1.3.7SmartCardOperatingSystems
课堂教学实施计划
第2课
教学过程设计:
复习5分钟;授新课80分钟
讨论5分钟;其它0分钟
授课类型(请打√):
理论课□讨论课□实验课□习题课□其它□
教学方式(请打√):
讲授□讨论□示教□指导□其它□
教学手段(请打√):
多媒体□模型□实物□挂图□音像□其它□
教学内容(包括基本内容、重点、难点):
1.4ComputerHardwareReview
1.4.1Processors
✧registers
✧CPUdesigning:
pipelineCPU;super-scalarCPU
✧CPUmod--usuallyabitinthePSWcontrolsthetwoCPUmodels:
kernelmode;usermode
kernelmode:
CPUcanaccesstothecompletehardware
usermode:
CPUcan’taccesstothecompletehardware
1.4.2memory
✧registers
✧cache
✧mainmemory
✧disk
1.4.3I/ODevices
1.4.4buses
1.5OperatingSystemConcepts
1.5.1Process
1.5.2Deadlock
1.5.3MemoryManagement
1.5.4Input/Output
1.5.5Files
1.5.6Security
1.6SystemCalls
Systemcallsareinterfacebetweenoperatingsystemandusers.
Ifaprocessisrunningauserprograminusermodeandneedsasystemservice,suchasreadingdatafromafile,ithastoexecutetraporsystemcallinstructiontotransfercontroltotheoperatingsystem.
TrapandInterrupt:
✧Trap:
theinterruptsourcecomesfromtheinternaloftheCPU.
✧Interrupt:
theinterruptsourcecomesfromtheexternaloftheCPU.
Inasense,makingasystemcallislikemakingaspecialkindofprocedurecall,onlysystemcallsenterthekernelandprocedurecallsdonot.
Thekernel:
Consistsofagroupof:
✧Objects
✧Primitiveoperations
✧Datastructures
✧Processes,andtherestsofthesystemarebuiltonit
Thefunctionofthekernel:
✧Processandthreadmanagement
✧Interruptandtraphandling
✧Resourcemanagement
✧Inputandoutput
Thesystemcallmaybeblockthecaller,preventingitfromcontinuing
Thewindowswin32API:
✧Withwindows,thesituationisradicallydifferent.Tostartwiththelibrarycallsandtheactualsystemcallsarehighlydecoupled,micro-softhasdefinedasetofprocedures,calledtheWin32APIthatprogrammerareexpectedtousetogetoperatingsystemservices.
✧WhilemanyofAPIdoinvokesystemcalls,asubstantialnumberarecarriedoutentirelyinuserspace.
1.7OperatingSystemStructure
1.7.1MonolithicSystems
1.7.2LayeredStructure
1.7.3VirtualMachine
RunningoldMS-DOSprogramsonaPentium(virtual8086)
JVM
1.7.4Exokernels
1.7.5Client-ServeModel
各章教学实施计划
章节题目
Chapter2Processesandthreads,Exercise,Operating
课时安排
18(12+2+4)
授课时间
the2-6thweek
教学目的、要求(分了解、理解、掌握三个层次):
Master:
processstates;threadusage;raceconditions;criticalregions;semaphores;
thereadersandwritersproblem;FCFS;SJF;SRN;RR;priorityscheduling;SPN;
Understand:
pseudo-parallelism;processmodel;processcreation;processtermination;
implementationofprocess;threadmodel;implementingthreadsinuserspace;
implementingthreadsinthekernel;
Mutualexclusionwithbusywaiting:
Peterson’ssolution;sleepandwakeup;
processbehavior;whentoschedule;schedulingalgorithmgoals;
three-levelscheduling;schedulinginreal-timesystems;threadscheduling
Know:
multiprocessor;processhierarchies;monitors;messagepassing;multiplequeues
guaranteedscheduling;lotteryscheduling;policyversusmechanism
教学内容(包括基本内容、重点、难点):
2.1Processes
Pseudo-parallelism;Theprocessmodel;Processcreation;Processtermination
Processstates(emphasis);Implementationofprocesses
2.2Threads
Thethreadmodel;Threadusage(emph