书面表达写作技巧之十二如何使名词更能出众脱俗.docx
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书面表达写作技巧之十二如何使名词更能出众脱俗
二轮复习书面表达写作技巧之十二:
如何使名词更能出众脱俗
名词属于实词,名词表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称,名词同时也分为专有名词和普通名词。
名词用得好更能出众脱俗,让阅卷老师眼前一亮。
名词的种类:
普通名词专有名词
可数名词不可数名词专门指代某一人、物、地点等的名词
个体名词集体名词物质名词抽象名词
[典题1] (一般词)Nowwehaveachancetodevelopagreaterunderstandingofeachother.
(高级词)Nowwehaveanopportunitytodevelopagreaterunderstandingofeachother.
现在我们有一个好机会,可以大大增进对彼此的了解。
[典题2] (一般词)Therearefourbasicchoices;theyaredescribedbrieflybelow.
(高级词)Therearefourbasicalternatives;theyaredescribedbrieflybelow.
有四个基本的选择,简述如下。
高中阶段常见的名词及名词短语类写作高级词汇
①机会chance→opportunity
②选择choice→alternative
③课程course→curriculum
④影响effect→influence/impact
⑤后果result→consequence
⑥缺点shortcoming→drawback
⑦方法way→approach
⑧职业career→profession
⑨建议advice→guidance
⑩老人oldpeople→theold/theelderly/theaged/seniorcitizens
⑪青少年youngpeople→youngsters/youths/adolescents
⑫几天前afewdaysago→theotherday
⑬一个表现好的孩子achildwhobehavesinaproperway→awellbehavedchild
[专题过关训练]
先用所给的词补全句子,然后对该词进行升级
1.因此,我没有足够的时间去锻炼。
As_a_result,_Idon'thaveenoughtimetotakeexercise.(result)
→As_a_consequence,_Idon'thaveenoughtimetotakeexercise.
2.所有学校都设有音乐和舞蹈课。
Alltheschoolshavemusicanddancingclassesas_parts_of_the_course.(course)
→Alltheschoolshavemusicanddancingclassesas_parts_of_the_curriculum.
3.他们称他们期望这次会议会对国家的未来产生显著影响。
Theysaytheyexpectthemeetingtohaveamarkedeffectonthefutureofthecountry.(effect)
→Theysaytheyexpectthemeetingtohaveamarkedimpact/influenceonthefutureofthecountry.
4.(2018•全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)最重要的是,老人通常是最先品尝桌上食物的人,因为他们在中国受到很好的尊重。
Mostimportantly,old_people_are_usually_the_first_to_tastethefoodservedonthetablebecausetheyarewellrespectedinChina.(oldpeople)
→Mostimportantly,theold/theelderly/theaged/seniorcitizensareusuallythefirsttotastethefoodservedonthetablebecausetheyarewellrespectedinChina.
5.(2018•天津高考书面表达)因此,我认为这不仅是你展示自己才华的黄金机会,同时也可以为我们提供建议。
Therefore,Ithinknotonlywillitbeagoldenchanceforyoutoyou’reyourgreattalent,butalsoyoucanofferusadvice.(chance,advice)
→Therefore,Ithinknotonlywillitbeagoldenopportunityforyoutoyou’reyourgreattalent,butalsoyoucanofferusguidance.
6.在这类职业中,只有20%的岗位是由女性担任的。
Only_20_percent_of_jobs_in_the_careersareheldbywomen.(career)
→Only_20_percent_of_jobs_in_the_professionsareheldbywomen.
7.激励这些年轻人的不是对成就的渴望,而是对失败的恐惧。
These_young_people_are_motivatednotbyadesiretoachieve,butbyfearoffailure.(youngpeople)
→These_youngsters/youths/adolescents_are_motivatednotbyadesiretoachieve,butbyfearoffailure.
8.我们将探索收集信息的不同方法。
Wewillbeexploringdifferent_ways_to_gather_information.(way)
→Wewillbeexploringdifferent_approaches_to_gathering_information.
扮亮词汇二 炫酷亮闪你的眼——动词(短语)
动词根据其后是否能跟宾语,可分为两类,分别是:
及物动词(TransitiveVerb)、不及物动词(IntransitiveVerb),缩写形式分别为vt.和vi.。
[典题1] (一般词)Helikesplayingfootball,whichishisfavourite.
(高级词)Heisfondofplayingfootball,whichishisfavourite.
他喜欢踢足球,这是他最喜欢的运动。
[典题2] (一般词)Asforme,Ibelievethatthenumberoftouristsshouldbelimitedforthefollowingreasons.
(高级词)Asforme,I'mfirmlyconvincedthatthenumberoftouristsshouldbelimitedforthefollowingreasons.
就我而言,我坚定地认为游客的数量应得到限制,理由如下。
高中阶段常见的动词及动词短语类写作高级词汇
①看见see→catchsightof
②遇见meet→comeacross
③引起cause→leadto/resultin/giveriseto
④拥有have→possess
⑤提高develop/improve→promote
⑥替代replace→substitute
⑦面对face→befacedwith
⑧容忍bear→putupwith
⑨处理dowith→dealwith/copewith
⑩决定decide→determine/makeupone'smind
⑪考虑consider→takeintoaccount/consideration
⑫应该should→besupposedto
⑬理解understand→makesenseof/figureout
⑭使用use→employ/makeuseof/takeadvantageof
⑮道歉apologize→makeanapology
⑯记住remember→keepinmind
⑰发生happen→occur/comeabout
⑱想起thinkof→occurto/comeupwith
⑲感谢thank→appreciate
⑳帮助某人helpsb.→dosb.afavor
○21节省save→setaside
○22参观visit→tour/payavisitto
○23分发handout→distribute
○24站起来standup→gettoone'sfeet
○25习惯于beusedto→beaccustomedto
○26一定besureto→beboundto
○27为……做准备preparefor→makepreparationsfor/bepreparedfor
○28反对beagainst→objectto
○29厌烦beboredwith→befedupwith/betiredof
○30忙于bebusyin(with)→beoccupiedin(with)/beburiedin/beengagedin
○31闻名befamousfor→haveareputationfor
○32感到舒服feelcomfortable→feelatease
○33美化学校maketheschoolbeautiful→beautifytheschool
○34置若罔闻refusetolistento→turnadeafearto
○35成功做某事succeedindoingsth.→makeit
○36想做某事wanttodosth.→seek/intend/desiretodosth.
○37照看lookafter→attendto
○38尽力做某事tryone'sbesttodosth.→sparenoefforttodosth.
○39向某人寻求帮助asksomeoneforhelp→turntosb.forhelp
○40我认为Ithink→inmyopinion/asfarasI'mconcerned
[专题过关训练]
Ⅰ.选用方框中的短语替换下列句中加彩部分
putupwith,consistof,bedevotedto,makeuseof,fixone'seyesupon
1.Thelittleboylookedatthepictureonthewall.fixed_his_eyes_upon
2.Thesmallgrouphassixpeople.consists_of
3.Shewasafraidshecouldn'tbearthepain.put_up_with
4.AllhislifewasgiventotheParty'seducationalcause.was_devoted_to
5.Wewillusehervastexperience.make_use_of
Ⅱ.请用高级词汇替换下列句中加彩部分
1.(2018•6月浙江高考写作)Iwillbegratefulifyoucouldoffermetheopportunity.give_me_a_kind_consideration
2.(2016•北京高考书面表达)Ourclassthoughtoftheideatomakebetteruseofusedmaterials.came_up_with
3.(2015•湖南高考书面表达)Atthesametime,Idecidedtostudyharderratherthanwasteprecioustimeonthoseuselessthings.made_up_my_mind
4.We'lltryourbesttodevelopthetraditionalfriendshipbetweenus.promote
5.Wouldyoupleasehelpmetoturndowntheradio?
do_me_a_favor
6.Developingveryquickly,theInternetcausesthebreakdownoffacetofacecommunication.gives_rise_to
7.Whenyouareboredwiththepeoplesometimes,you'dbetterfindaquietplace,listeningtosomeclassicalmusic.fed_up_with
8.SofarasIknow,everyoneofthemwantstobeamodelstudent.intends_to
Ⅲ.用所给动词的高级词汇补全句子
1.几天前我在你的店铺买了一部手机。
Ipurchased_a_cellphone_at_your_storetheotherday.(buy)
2.更糟的是,暴力电子游戏可能导致进攻性行为,这比暴力电影更有害。
What'sworse,violentvideogamescan_lead_to/result_in_aggressive_behaviours,_whichismoreharmfulthanviolentmovies.(cause)
3.所有的游客都被要求不能在公园内乱扔垃圾。
Allthevisitorswere_requested_not_to_throw_litter_aboutinthepark.(ask)
4.或许我们能想到解决这个问题的更好的办法。
Maybewecan_come_up_with_a_better_solution_to_the_problem.(thinkof)
5.我们将全力以赴赶超发达的工业国家。
We'll_spare_no_effort_to_catch_up_withthedevelopedindustrialcountries.(tryone'sbest)
6.我们应该尝试彻底解决这个问题。
Weshould_make_an_attempt/attempt_to_thoroughly_solve_this_problem.(try)
扮亮词汇三 浓妆淡抹总相宜——形容词(短语)
形容词是很多语言中均有的主要词类中的一种。
形容词是描述人或事物的特征、性质、属性及状态的一种开放性词类。
形容词主要用来修饰名词和代词。
[典题1] (一般词)Sportsarehelpfultobuildingourbodies.
(高级词)Sportsarebeneficialtobuildingourbodies.
体育运动有益于增强我们的体质。
[典题2] (一般词)Heisanexcellentscientist,whohasmadeagreatcontributiontoourcountry.
(高级词)Heisanoutstandingscientist,whohasmadeagreatcontributiontoourcountry.
他是一位杰出的科学家,对我们国家做出了巨大贡献。
高中阶段常见的形容词及形容词短语类写作高级词汇
①令人惊奇的surprising→amazing/astonishing/shocking
②贫穷的poor→needy/povertystricken
③优秀的excellent→outstanding
④明显的obvious→apparent/evident
⑤常见的common→universal
⑥充足的enough→adequate
⑦勤奋的hardworking→diligent
⑧可用的useable→available
⑨困难的difficult→challenging
⑩坚强的strong→tough
⑪重要的important→vital/significant
⑫不可能的impossible→outofthequestion
⑬有趣的interesting→absorbing/striking/appealing
⑭小心谨慎的careful→cautious
⑮幸运的lucky→fortunate
⑯巨大的large→enormous
⑰合适的proper→appropriate
⑱丰富的rich→abundant
⑲古老的old→ancient
⑳唯一的only→unique
○21全部的whole→entire
○22富裕的rich→wealthy
○23有意义的meaningful→rewarding
○24许多的many→alargequantityof
○25有吸引力的attractive→appealing
○26有空的free→available
○27有益处的beuseful→beofbenefit
○28不同种类的different/kindsof→avarietyof/various
○29高兴的glad→delighted
○30激动的excited→thrilled
[专题过关训练]
Ⅰ.请用高级词汇替换下列句中加彩部分
1.(2018•天津高考书面表达)Thetrainingschedule,apartfromregulartraining,includesjoininginvariousactivities,suchasparticipatinginsomenationalcompetitions.a_variety_of
2.(2017•全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)IamverygladtoknowyouareinterestedinTangpoems.more_than_delighted
3.(2016•全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)Ishouldbefreeanytimeafterschoolnextweek.available
4.Inthecomingthreeyears,ourschoollifewillbedifficult.challenging
5.Developingagoodhabitisalsoveryimportant.of_great_importance/significance
6.IwasexcitedwhenIheardthegoodnews.thrilled
7.Sheisenergetic,cleverandlively.intelligent
8.Toourgreatglad,notonlyareourclasseslivelyandattractive,butourschoollifeisalsorichandcolorful.delighted,_appealing,_abundant
Ⅱ.用所给形容词的高级词汇补全句子
1.我的同桌是一个动人的、文雅的女孩。
Mydeskmateisa_charming/attractive_and_elegant_girl.(beautiful)
2.我的薪水不够维持一家的生活。
Mysalaryis_not_adequate_to_support_my_family.(enough)
3.改变这种情形需要每个人付出很大的努力。
Changingthissituationrequires_enormous_effortonthepartofeveryone.(large)
4.她是一位辛勤的老师,她工作非常勤奋。
Sheisa_diligent_teacherandsheis_diligent_in_her_work.(hardworking)
5.所获得的经验对我们有很大价值。
Theexperiencegainedwill_be_of_great_value_to_us.(valuable)
6.我的手机非常有用。
Mymobilephoneis_of_great_benefit.(useful)
7.由于夜里休息不好,课堂上我总是感到筋疲力尽。
Notsleepingwell,Ialwaysfeel_exhaustedinclass.(tired)
8.学好英语对你未来就业至关重要。
LearningEnglishwellis_significant/vital_to_your_future_employment.(important)