中考短文填空解题技巧教师版.docx
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中考短文填空解题技巧教师版
中考短文填空解题技巧(教师版)
授课日期:
年月日
学生姓名
教师姓名
课时数
年级
学科
课型
教学内容
短文填空
教学
目标
短文填空解题技巧
【课前小测】
A
LastTuesday,MrsSmithtookhertwolittledaughterstotown1__________hercar.Itbegantorain2___________.Soshedecidedto3___________thechildreninthecar.Shetoldthegirlsshewouldbebacksoon.Thenshe4___________allthedoorsandwalkedquicklyintotheshop.
Shereturnedtothecarinlessthanaquarter,buttherewerenotanygirlsinthecar.Shecould5___________believehereyes.Thecardoorsandwindowswere6___________well.7_________terribleshefelt!
Sherusheduptoanoldmannearbyandasked8___________hehadseentwosmallgirls,buthesaid“No”.Suddenlysheheardalaughfromthebackofthecar.Sherantothecarandopenedthetrunk.Oh,dear!
Herdaughterswere9___________.Withtearsinher10___________,shetookthemout.
B
Jim’sfatherboughthimanewpen.Buthelostitonhis1__________toschoolthismorning.Whenhewentintohisclassroom,he2_________aredpenlyingonthefloor.He3__________itupatonceandthought,“Imayuseit4___________Ifindmine.I’lltellnobody.”Heputitintohis5___________.
Thescienceteacher,MissGreencameinwhenthebellrang.Jimclearlysawapeninherhand.
Jimstoodupandsaid,“That’smypen.”
“Well,Jim,youshouldsay6__________toSusan.Shefoundyourpenonthestreetandgaveittomeas7__________asshegottoschool.Butyouknow,she8____________herownpenyesterdayafterschool.It’saredpen.”Jim’sface9___________red,even10___________thanthepeninhispocket.
【题型特征】
短文填空是中考中一个难度比较大的题型。
它所涉及的知识面广,灵活性高,综合性也很强。
它不仅考查考生在词汇、语法和习惯用法等方面的基础知识,还考查考生理解、推导、分析等综合能力。
从表面上看它是考查考生对单词的辨认能力,而实质上它既考查了考生掌握单词的数量及准确性,又考查了他们对上下文以及词义的理解和判断能力,由此考查考生的知识记忆与再现能力。
【解题三部曲】
读】跳过空格,通读短文,了解大意。
要重视首句,善于以首句的时态、语气为立足点,理清文脉,推测全文时态、主题及大意。
定与断】复读短文,确定语义,判断词形。
A.)利用上下文的语境,结合所学过的知识,先确定空格处所需词语的意义.
B.)再根据空格在句子中的位置,判断其在句中充当的成分,从而确定所填词的词性,再依据词语搭配和语法规则,判断所填的词的正确形式。
验】读短文,上下参照,验证答案。
在短文的空白处分别填上一个词后,将完成的短文再细读一遍,上下参照,连贯思考。
可从上下文内容是否协调一致、顺理成章,语法结构是否正确无误等方面进行综合验证,凡有
疑问必须重新推敲考虑。
【锦囊妙计】
第一招:
金睛火眼(认真、细致地观察图画,就可以直接在图画中找到答案或信息。
)
1)Itwas__________.Mrs.Smithwenttodosome____________withherhusband.
Saturday;shopping
2)Itwas_________o’clockinthemorning.Mr.Smith…Thenhelefthomeandrodea________tothestation.
seven;bike
第二招:
有样学样(善于从下文或前文找一模一样的信息。
)
1)Whenhegothome,heopenhisbag.Hewantedtogetthekeys.Theywerealwaysthere.Buthecouldn’tfindthekeysthistime…
Amomentlaterhejumpedintotheroomandwasveryhappy.Butwhenheputhishandintohispocket.Hefoundhis______rightthere.
keys
2)Childrenhavetodoalotof___________everydaynotonlyatschoolbutalsoathome.Somechildrenhavesomuchworktodothattheyoftenhavetoworklateintothenightbeforetheycanfinishtheirhomework.
homework
第三招:
放飞想象(答案可以在图画或文章中推测出来。
)
1)OnceaFrenchmanwastravellinginEngland.Heknewvery__________English.
little
2)WhenTomgotschool,itwaseightten.Theteacherhadalreadybegunherlesson.AssoonasTomcameintotheclassroom,shegot_________andsaid,…
angry
第四招:
姿势与实际并重(注意填写动词的时态、语态和名词的单复数)
1)BecauseSuiisoneofthetopbasketball_______inAsia,shewas________toplayintheWNBA(Women’sNBA)intheUS.It’sthefirsttimeshehasworkedabroad.
players;chosen/invited
2)Peoplehave_______treesdowninlargenumbers.Intheendtheyfindthattheyhavelostthebestfriendstheyhad.
cut
第五招:
讲究搭配(根据习惯用语和短语来填写)
1)Aretreesimportant?
Yes,treesareusefultomaninthreeveryimportantways.Thefirstimportantwayisthattheyprovideman________food.
with
2)Thewomanwas_________anewspaperinherroomwhenshe_________someone_________atthedoor…
reading;heard;knocking
【考点精析】
注意语法规则
确定词性—动词、名词、形容词、副词等
确定词形—动词的形式、名词的单复数等
1)Whenweheardthebell,allofus______talking.
2)Afterthat,heoftenhelpedmeandwebecamegood______.
2)Listentoyourteacher________inclass.Itisveryimportant.
stopped;friends;carefully
考点一动词(v.)的用法:
1.时态(do,did,does,doing,done)
2.语态
3.非谓语动词形式(动名词doing,动词不定式todo)
1)LastFriday,aman_______tosee
hisdoctor,becausehesufferedfrompainsinhisstomach.
2)Afterthedoctor_______overcarefully,he_______tohim,“Well,don’tworry,youngman.Youwillgetbetterby_______arest.
went;looked;said;having
考点二名词(n.)的用法:
单复数,名词所有格
1)Iknowherinthenewspaper.Shedidn’tgotoschoolataveryyoungage.Manygirlsand_____likeherwishtogotoschoolinChina.Theywanttogotoschoolverymuch,buttheirfamiliesaretoopoor.Ifthe______hastwoorthree_______,it’shardertopaythemoneyforallofthem.
2)September10this__________Day.
boys;family;children;Teachers’
考点三形容词(adj.)、副词(adv.)的用法:
1.形容词、副词的修饰关系
2.形容词、副词的比较等级
alittle/much/even/alot+比较级
oneofthe+adj.的最高级+名词的复数
Therewasalittleboy.Hegotangry_____.Hisfathergavehimsomenails(钉子)andsaid”Whenyoufeel____,youjusthammeranailintothebackofthefence….Theboyfounditwasmuch______toholdhistemper(脾气).
easily;angry;easier
考点四代词(pron.)的用法:
1.人称代词(主格﹑宾格)
2.物主代词(形容词性﹑名词性)
3.反身代词
On___tenthbirthday,theboyinvitedmanyfriendstotheparty._____playedmanyinterestinggamesandatelotsofdeliciousfood.Theyreallyenjoyed__________.
his;They;themselves
考点五介词、冠词、连词(并列,从属)
1)Foryears,weplayedotherpeople’ssongs,_______nowweplaymostlyourownsongs.
2)Shedidn’tgotoschoolyesterday,_________shewasill.
3)Thisbecomesproblem,becausemostfamilieslovehomecooking!
4)TheVoiceofChinaisarealitytalentshowontheZhejiangTelevision.Mostoftheteenagersfallinlovethisshow.
5)Aparentmakessomecookiesisnotjustsatisfyingachild’ssweetteeth.
but;because;a;with;who
【考点精练】
1)He________(抚养)sixchildrenbyhimselfafterhiswifediedduringthebirthoftheirsixthchild.
2)Theyusuallyuseteabagstomaketheirtea.Makingteawithbagsisfasterand________thanmakingitwithtealeavesinteapots.
3)TeaisalsoimportantinJapan.Itisvery________there.Peopledrinkteaeveryday.
4)“...ButwhenyouareplayingintheNBA,itis_______notsoeasy.”HesaidthatjoiningtheHoustonRocketswasanewstartandanewchallenge.“Ihopethatthroughvery_____workIcanmakeeveryonehappyandhelptheRocketswinmoregames,”hesaid.
5)ThisbookbelongstoMary.Itis_________.
6)Help________tosomefish,Jim.
7)Everyone______sawthismessageburstintotears.
8)TheteamhasstartedhavinglessonstolearnmoreaboutChina,andmanypeoplewhoworkfortheRocketshavelearnedtospeaksome___________.
9)Theearthquakedestroyedyourhometown.Lotsof________felldownandsomeofyoucan’tseeyourfamiliesanylonger.
10)Theytrytheir______tosolveyourtroubles.Theygiveawaytheirmoneyandmanythingstoyouandtheydonate(捐献)bloodforyou.
【中考突破】
(2013,广东)短文填空(本大题有10小题,每小题15分,共15分)
请用适当的词完成下面这封信,并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。
每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
DearAnne,
Howareyou?
IhadgreatfunlastWednesday,__1__12th,2013.ItwasatraditionalChinesefestivalcalledDragonBoatFestivalthatday.
ThisfestivalisinmemoryofQuYuan,oneof__2__greatestChinesepoets.HekilledhimselfbyjumpingintotheMiluoRiveronMay5thofthelunarcalendar(阴历),278BC.Peoplethererowedtheboatsto___3___him.Butitwastoolate.Theywereverysadandthenthrewriceintothe___4___tofeedthefishessothattheywouldstayawayfromhisbody.
___5___thenon,everyyearonthisday,peopleenjoy___6___Zongziwhichismadeofricewithmeat,eggsandsoon.Inthepastweateitonly___7___ayear,butnowweregardeditasourdailyfood.Wecanhaveitanytimewelike.
Haveyouever___8___thedragonboatraceonTV?
Itisanotherimportantpartofthisfestival.Severalteamsrowtheirdragon-shapedboatsas___9___astheycan.Thefirstteamtoreachthefinishlinewins.
IfyouhaveaplantovisitChinanextyear,would___10___liketospendthisfestivalwithus?
Bestwishes,
XiaoQiang
1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________
6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________10.__________
(2014,广东)短文填空(本大题有10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分)
请用适当的词完成下面的短文,并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。
每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义
相符的单词。
IamJackieLee,anAmericanChinese.Letmetellyouaboutmygrandfather'slifestory.
Mygrandfatherwas1in1932andgrewupinapoorvillageinFujian,China.Attheageof14,hefirstheardof
America.Itwassaidtobethelandofgoldandpoorpeoplecouldeasilybecome2there.
So,mygrandfathercametoAmerica."Ihadthoughtitwaseasyto3moneyinAmerica,"hetoldme."ButwhenI4inLosAngeles,Irealizeditwasnottrue.Icouldn'tfindagoodjobbecauseIspokelittleEnglish.IwantedtogotoalanguageschooltolearnEnglish,5Icouldn'taffordit.Later,Iworkedinasmall6,servingtheguests,cleaningupthetables,washingthedishesandsweepingthefloors.Iwassuch7helpfulandhonestworkerthatmybosswaspleasedwithme.Iwaspopularwithmyworkmates,8.LifebecameeasierandintheendIenteredaneveningschooltolearnEnglish."
Mygrandfatherkeptworkinghard,andfinallymade9dreamcometrue.Thingsdonotcomeeasilyinlife.ThatiswhatIhavelearned10mygrandfather.
1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________
6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________10.__________
(2015,广东)短文填空(本题有10小题,每小题1.5分,共15分)
请用适当的词完成下面的短文,并把所缺单词填写在答题卡指定的位置上。
每个空只能填写一个形式正确、意义相符的单词。
TheGreatWallisknownastheeighthwonderoftheworld.Everyyearthousandsoftouristsfromallovertheworldcometovisitthisplaceof1__