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ananalysisonnotetakingininterpreting英语专业学位论文
毕业论文
AnAnalysisonNote-takinginInterpreting
系部:
外语系
专业:
商务英语
班级:
0711商务英语
指导老师:
Acknowledgement
Iwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoshowmyheartfeltgratitudetothosewhohaveofferedmeallkindsofhelpinaccomplishingthisgraduationpaper.
Firstofall,Iowegreatindebtednesstomysupervisor,MsGuanJie,whohashelpedmethroughoutthedevelopmentandrevisionofthispaper.Shehaspatientlyreadseveraldraftsofmypaper.Inaddition,herinsightfulandconstructivesuggestionshavecontributedagreatdealtomypaper.Withoutherguidanceandencouragement,Icouldnothaveaccomplishedthispaperontime.
Besides,myspecialthanksalsogotomyparents.TheyhavehelpedmealotwithmystudyinYangzhouduringthepastyears.Withouttheirconcernandsupport,Icouldneverhavecompletedthepapersmoothly.
Contents
Acknowledgement1
AbstractinEnglish3
AbstractinChinese4
Chapter1IntroductionandOverview5
Chapter2TheConceptandNecessityofNote-takinginInterpreting6
Chapter3ThePrincipleandContentsofNote-takinginInterpreting7
Chapter4TheSymbolsofNote-takinginInterpreting8
4.1Letters8
4.2Drawings8
4.3MathematicalSigns8
4.4Abbreviations9
4.5Self-createdSigns9
Chapter5TheTrainingofNote-takinginInterpreting10
5.1QuickSearchStageofKeyInformation10
5.2ProficientMemoryStageofNoteSymbols10
5.3ConsolidationandImprovementStageofNotes10
Chapter6Conclusion11
Reference12
Abstract
Interpretingisahighlyimmediatetranslationpractice.Tobeaqualifiedinterpreter,youneedtohaveagoodbilingualability,richknowledgeaswellassomerelevantskills.Thesceneofinterpretationisverycomplicated,sointerpretersoftencannotsuccessfullycompletethetaskofinterpretationonlybymemoryof.Theyhavetorelyonthehelpoftakingsomenotes.Therefore,note-takingisofessentialimportanceininterpretinganditisveryimportantininterpretingpractice.Thispapersummarizesfivekindsofnote-takingsymbolscommonlyusedandillustrateseachonebyone.Besides,thispaperputsforwardpracticaltrainingmethodsofnote-taking.
KeyWords:
InterpretingNote-takingSymbol
摘要
口译作为一种即时性很强的特殊翻译活动,除了要求译者在宏观上具有较强的双语能力、丰富的文化背景知识外,还要求译者具备相应的技能。
口译的现场性非常强,译员单凭自身大脑的记忆往往不能顺利地完成口译任务,必须借助笔记的帮助。
笔记作为口译的一个重要方面,在口译实践中发挥着举足轻重的作用。
本文也归纳了5类常用的笔记符号,并逐一进行了例证,同时,提出了切实可行的笔记训练方式。
关键词:
口译笔记符号
Chapter1IntroductionandOverview
Interpretationisakindoflinguisticsymbolthroughlisteningtoandanalyzingtheinformationexpressedinthesourcelanguage,whichcan betranslatedintothetargetlanguagetoachievetheverbalcommunicationactivities.Although,itisalsoabranchoftranslation,interpretationisverydifferentfromthewrittentranslation.Itisextemporaneousandalsoisonthesite.Itisnotonlyasenseofverbalbehavior,butalsoakindofcommunicativebehaviorrelatingtomanylevelsofknowledgewithextemporaneousness,comprehensionandsoon.Asahighlyspecializedprofession,interpretationisanoperationalactivityofcomprehensivelanguageintegratingtheabilitiesoflistening,speaking,readingandwriting.Itisakindofthree-dimensionalandalternateactivityofinformationdissemination.
Chapter2TheConceptandNecessityofNote-taking
inInterpreting
Note-takingininterpretingisamethodofnotes.Interpreterswillusesimplesymbols,charactersandsoontoquicklynotethekeycontentsofthespeechandotherinformationwithinashortperiodoftime.ItappliestobothChineseandEnglish.Unliketheshorthand,itonlyrequirestonotethekeypointsoftheinformationandlogicalstructuresoflanguage.Itreflectsthelogicalrelationbetweensentencesbysymbols,characters,slashes,aswellashyphensandsoon.Thenote,thecarrierofmemory,hasthenatureofpersonalityandtemporarypreservation,butitisnotthetextofinformation.Theroleofthenoteisthatithelpsinterpreterstoconcentrateontheirnote-takingandgivecueswhentheydotheinterpreting.
Thesuccessofinterpretationdependslargelyontheabilityofinterpreterstorecordtheperceptiveinformation.Recordsaredividedinto"memory"and"notes".Memoryconsistsofshort-termmemoryandlong-termmemory.Herethememorymentionedininterpretationismainlyshort-termmemory,butinfact,aperson'sshort-termmemoryislimited.AccordingtoatestbyChina'spsychologists,apersoncanrememberamaximumofsixorsevenwordsofnon-coherentmeaningorasetof10-digitnumbersatatime,or,atmost,itcancatchasentencecomposedofabout20wordsofcoherentmeaning.Therefore,peoplecannotdealwithinterpretationwithlargeamountofinformation.Interpretersmayrelyonthenoteswhentheyencounterthefollowingsituationsorspeech:
meetings,negotiations,lectures,courthearingsandpressconferences.Theyhighlydemandforperfectionandaccuracyinconsecutiveinterpretationandotheroccasions:
largeamountsofparallelcontentsinthespeech,orastringofpersonalnames,placenames,numbers,yearsandtermsandsoforth.
Chapter3ThePrincipleandContentsofNote-taking
inInterpreting
Bothmemoryandnote-takingarenecessarytointerpreters.Interpretersshouldfocusongraspingmainpoints.Whentheylisten,theymainlyrelyonmemoryandtakesomenotesforsupplementation.
"Note-takingininterpretingisquitedifferentfromthedetailednotesinclassesorthewordforwordinshorthand.Itvariesfrompersontoperson,butitshouldbelegible.Itisbettertousesomecommonsymbols."Whentheytakenotes,theprinciplesareasfollows:
thefunctionofnotesistohelprecallandreducetheburdenofmemory,andtoanalyzetheresults.Conceptualinformationshouldbenotedindrawings.However,thelogicalinformationshowsitscontextwithparagraphs,linesandsymbols.Inaddition,thenotesymbolsshouldbeclearandsimplesothattheycanbeconnectedtothewords.Note-takingisanassistingtoolforinterpretation.Itisnotthemainbodyofinterpretation.Therefore,interpretersshouldpayattentiontothespeakers’facialexpressions,gestures,andotherinformationwhentheytakenotes.
Theprocessofinterpretationisanimpromptudeliveryoftheoverallmeaningofthetext.Thus,thefunctionofnotesistopointoutthedifficulties,anditcansupportshort-termmemoryandavoidoblivionandloss.Inaddition,italsohasthefunctionoflogicalanalysisandpreservation,sothatinterpreterscanorganizeparagraphsofthetextclearlyandsavesometime.Ifthenotesaretakenwell,interpreterscanusethemfreelyandgiveagoodplayonthesite.Thenthenotestheymadecanevenmakeupforthedeficienciesinotherskillstosomeextent.Note-takingininterpretingactsasthesupportformemoryanditisnotadvisabletotakenoteswordforword.Generallyspeaking,thetimeforinterpretationisveryshortduringthelisteningprocess.Interpretersshouldfocusonkeypoints,suchasattitudes,viewpoints,plan,time,placesandspecializedtermsandsoon.Thekeywordswillgivehintstotheinterpretersaboutthemeaningexpressedbythespeakers,andthen,theycanmasterthecausesandconsequencesofthecontentsandthelogicalrelationsofthecontext.
Chapter4TheSymbolsofNote-takinginInterpreting
Inordertoquicklynotethekeycontentsinthelimitedtime,interpreterscanusesomesymbolstosupporttheirmemory.Thefollowingsymbolsareforyourreference:
4.1Letters
Therearemanyadvantagestotakelettersassymbols,becausetherearemanylettersinEnglish.Theyaredifferentinwriting,sotheycanrepresentdifferentmeanings.LikeLatinletters,theyhavedifferentwritingsandtheycanbeusedtoimplydifferentmeanings.Allthe26Englishletterscanbeusedasthesymbolsofnotes.
"B"canbeexpressedasthemeaningof"but",etc.
"C"canstandfor"century"andotherwords,etc.
"P"canrepresent"politics,politicalpartiesandpoliticalpower",etc.
"V"canmean"victoryandsuccess",etc.
"Z"canbereferredtothe"thetortuousroad",etc.
4.2Drawings
Whentakingnotes,somepictorialsymbolscanmakenotes.Theylooksoclearthattheycanbeeasilyremembered.Forexample:
"○"canberepresentedas"entiretyandcompleteness",etc.
"↑"canbesaidas"increase,improveandadd",etc.
"☆"canmean"highlights,mainpoints,thinkhighlyof",etc.
"△"canbereferredto"peak,vertexandleadership",etc.
"*"canbeexpressedas"feature,characteristicsandrepresent",etc.
4.3MathematicalSigns
Mathematicalsymbols,suchas"+"、"一"、"X"、"÷"and"="andsoon,aresimpleandaccurate.Theyareidealsignsfornote-taking.Forexample:
"+"canbeexpressedas"and,add,togetherwith”,etc.
"X"canrepresentthenegativemeaning,suchas"error,no,not,oppose"andsoon.
">"canbesaidas"greaterthan,morethan,superiorto",etc.
"√"canbereferredtopositivemeaning,suchas"correct,consent,good",etc.
"∵"canmean"because,dueto,thanks",etc.
4.4Abbreviations
AlargenumberofcommonlyusedEnglishwordsinnotescanbeusedintheformoftheirabbreviations.Forexample:
"TX"refersto"tax","taxation".
"Ed"refersto"education".
"Co"refersto"company".
"Al"refersto"although".
"Tr"refersto"trade".
4.5Self-createdSigns
Inpractice,interpreterscancreatethesymbolswhichsuittheirpersonaluseaccordingtotheirpronunciationandshapefeatures.Forexample:
"?
"standsfor"trials,doubts".
"3R"standsfor"threerepresentatives".
"SZ"standsfor"specialzone".
"!
"standsfor"caution,payattention".
Chapter5TheTrainingofNote-takinginInterpreting
Thetrainingofnote