费费逻辑宝典135修订版.docx

费费逻辑宝典135修订版.docx

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费费逻辑宝典135修订版

费费逻辑宝典

本套练习题共135题，根据牛人建议：

为锻炼Pace,每18题划分为一组，用时30分钟

9/21/2003

Test1

1.Although90percentofthepopulationbelievesitselftobewellinformedabouthealthcare,only20percentknowsenoughaboutDNA.Soapparentlyatleast80percentofthepopulationdoesnotknowenoughaboutmedicalconceptstomakewell-informedpersonalmedicalchoicesortomakegoodpublicpolicydecisionsabouthealthcare.

Theargument’sreasoningisquestionablebecausetheargumentfailstodemonstratethat

（A）thosepeoplewhocanunderstandnewsstoriesaboutDNAareabletomakewell-informedpersonalmedicalchoices

（B）morethan20percentofthepopulationneedstobewellinformedabouthealthcareforgoodpublicpolicydecisionsabouthealthcaretobemade

（C）one’sbeingabletomakewell-informedpersonalmedicalchoicesensuresthatonemakesgoodpublicpolicydecisionsabouthealthcare

（D）anunderstandingofDNAisessentialtomakingwell-informedpersonalmedicalchoicesortomakinggoodpublicpolicydecisionsabouthealthcare

（E）since90percentofthepopulationbelievesitselftobewellinformedabouthealthcare,atleast70percentofthepopulationismistakeninthatbelief.

2.Duringthe1980’s,JapanesecollectorswereveryactiveinthemarketforEuropeanart,especiallyaspurchasersofnineteenth-centuryImpressionistpaintings.ThisstrikingpatternsurelyreflectsaspecificpreferenceonthepartofmanyJapanesecollectorsforcertainaestheticattributestheyfoundinnineteenth-centuryImpressionistpaintings.

Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,moststronglysupportstheexplanationabove?

（A）ImpressionistpaintingsfirstbecamepopularamongartcollectorsinEuropeatthebeginningofthetwentiethcentury.

（B）Duringthe1980’s,theJapaneseeconomyunderwentasustainedexpansionthatwasunprecedentedinthecountry’srecenthistory.

（C）Severalnineteenth-centuryImpressionistpaintersadoptedcertaintechniquesandvisualeffectsfoundinJapaneseprintsthatarehighlyesteemedinJapan.

（D）Duringthe1960sandthe1970s,thepricesofnineteenth-centuryImpressionistpaintingsoftenexceededthepricesofpaintingsbyolderEuropeanmasters.

（E）Duringthe1980’s,collectorsfromJapanandaroundtheworldpurchasedmanypaintingsandprintsbywell-knowntwentieth-centuryJapaneseartists.

3.BecauseoftherecentrecessioninCountryAmostmagazinespublishedtherehaveexperienceddecreasesinadvertisingrevenue,somuchsothatthesurvivalofthemostwidelyreadmagazinesisingravedoubt.Atthesametime,however,morepeopleinCountryAarereadingmoremagazinesthaneverbefore,andthenumberoffinanciallysuccessfulmagazinesinCountryAisgreaterthanever.

Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,mosthelpstoresolvetheapparentdiscrepancyintheinformationabove?

（A）Mostmagazinesreducetheamounttheychargeforadvertisement’sduringarecession.

（B）Theaudienceforasuccessfultelevisionshowfarexceedsthereadershipofeventhemostwidelyreadmagazine.

（C）Advertisingisthemainsourceofrevenueonlyforthemostwidelyreadmagazines;othermagazinesrelyoncirculationfortheirrevenue.

（D）Becauseoftherecession,peopleinCountryAhavecutbackonmagazinesubscriptionsandarereadingborrowedmagazines.

（E）MoreofthenewgeneralinterestmagazinesthatwerelaunchedthisyearinCountryAhavesurvivedthansurvivedinpreviousyears.

4.Thegraysquirrel,introducedintolocalwoodlandstenyearsago,threatenstheindigenouspopulationofanendangeredowlspecies,becausethesquirrels’habitualstrippingoftreebarkdestroysthetreesinwhichtheowlsnest.Somelocalofficialshaveadvocatedsettingoutpoisonforthegraysquirrels.Theofficialsarguethatthismeasure,whileeliminatingthesquirrels,wouldposenothreattotheowlpopulation,sincethepoisonwouldbeplacedincontainersaccessibleonlytosquirrelsandotherrodents.

Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,mostcallsintoquestiontheofficials’argument?

（A）Oneofthespecieswhosemembersarelikelytoeatthepoisonistheredsquirrel,aspeciesonwhichowlsdonotprey.

（B）Theowlswhosenestingsitesarecurrentlybeingdestroyedbythegraysquirrelsfeedprimarilyonrodents.

（C）Noindigenouspopulationofanyotherbindspeciesapartfromtheendangeredowlsisthreatenedbythegraysquirrels.

（D）Theowlsthattarethreatenedbuildtheirnestsinthetopsoftrees,butthegraysquirrelsstripawaybackfromthetrunks.

（E）Theofficials’planentailsaddingthepoisontofoodsourcesthatareusuallyeatenbyrodentsbutnotbyotheranimals.

Questions5-6

Salesmanager:

Lastyearthetotalnumberofmealssoldinourcompanyrestaurantswasmuchhigherthanitwastheyearbefore.Obviouslyconsumersfindourmealsdesirable.

Accountant:

Ifyoulookatindividualrestaurants,however,youfindthatthenumberofmealssoldactuallydecreasedsubstantiallyateveryoneofourrestaurantsthatwasinoperationbothlastyearandtheyearbefore.Thedesirabilityofourmealstoconsumershasclearlydecreased,giventhatthisgroupofrestaurants---theonlyonesforwhichwehavesalesfiguresthatpermitacomparisonbetweenlastyearandtheyearbefore---demonstratesatrendtowardfewersales.

5.Ifthesalesfigurescitedbytheaccountantandthesalesmanagerarebothaccurate,whichoneofthefollowingmustbetrue?

（A）Thecompanyopenedatleastonenewrestaurantinthelasttwoyears.

（B）Thecompany’smealsarelesscompetitivethantheyoncewere.

（C）Thequalityofthecompany’smealshasnotimprovedoverthelasttwoyears.

（D）Thepricesofthecompany’smealshavechangedoverthepasttwoyears.

（E）Themarketsharecapturedbythecompany’srestaurantsfelllastyear.

6.Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,mostseriouslycallsintoquestiontheaccountant’sargument?

（A）Thecompany’srestaurantslastyeardroppedfromtheirmenusmostofthenewdishesthathadbeenintroducedtheyearbefore.

（B）Priortolastyeartherewasanoveralldownwardtrendinthecompany’ssales.

（C）Thoseofthecompany’srestaurantsthatdidincreasetheirsaleslastyeardidnotofferlargediscountsonpricestoattractcustomers.

（D）Salesofthecompany’smostexpensivemealcontributedlittletotheoveralltwo-yearsalesincrease.

（E）Mostofthecompany’srestaurantsthatwereinoperationthroughoutbothlastyearandtheyearbeforearelocatedinareaswhereresidentsexperiencedasevereoveralldeclineinincomelastyear.

7.Problemscausedbytheleachingofpollutantsfromdumpsandlandfillsareworstincountrieswithanannualpercapitaeconomicoutputof$4,000to$5,000,andlesssevereforconsiderablypoorerandconsiderablyrichercountries.Thisissobecausepollutionproblemsincreaseduringtheearlystagesofacountry’sindustrialdevelopmentbutthendiminishasincreasingindustrialdevelopmentgeneratesadequateresourcestotacklesuchproblems.Therefore,problemscausedbysuchleachinginCountryX,wheretheannualpercapitaeconomicoutputisnow$5,000,shouldbegintodiminishinthenextfewyears.

Whichoneofthefollowingisanassumptiononwhichtheargumentdepends?

（A）Withinthenextfewyears,CountryXwillimposeasystemoffinesforillegalwastedisposalbyitsindustrialcompanies.

（B）CountriessurroundingCountryXwillreducetheamountofpollutionthattheirfactoriesreleaseintotheairandwater.

（C）IndustrialdevelopmentinCountryXwillincreaseinthenextfewyears.

（D）CountryXwillbegintheprocessofindustrializationinthenextfewyears.

（E）NoothercountrywithasimilaramountofindustrialdevelopmenthaspollutionproblemsthatareassevereasthoseinCountryX.

8.Thestablefunctioningofasocietydependsupontherelativelylong-termstabilityofthegoalsofitscitizens.Thisisclearfromthefactthatunlessthemajorityofindividualshaveapredictableandenduringsetofaspirations,itwillbeimpossibleforalegislaturetocraftlawsthatwillaugmentthesatisfactionofthecitizenry,anditshouldbeobviousthatasocietyisstableonlyifitslawstendtoincreasethehappinessofitscitizens.

Theclaimthatasocietyisstableonlyifitslawstendtoincreasethehappinessofitscitizensplayswhichoneofthefollowingrolesintheargument?

（A）Itistheconclusionoftheargument.

（B）Ithelpstosupporttheconclusionoftheargument.

（C）Itisaclaimthatmustberefutediftheconclusionistobeestablished.

（D）Itisaconsequenceoftheargument.

（E）Itisusedtoillustratethegeneralprinciplethattheargumentpresupposes.

9.Astronautswhoexperienceweightlessnessfrequentlygetmotionsickness.Theastronautsseetheirownmotionrelativetopassingobjects,butwhiletheastronautsareweightlesstheirinnerearsindicatethattheirbodiesarenotmoving.Theastronauts’experienceisbestexplainedbythehypothesisthatconflictinginformationreceivedbythebrainaboutthebody’smotioncausesmotionsickness.

Whichoneofthefollowing,iftrue,providesthestrongestadditionalsupportforthehypothesisabove?

（A）Duringroughvoyagesshippassengersincabinsprovidingaviewofthewaterarelesslikelytogetmotionsicknessthanarepassengersincabinsprovidingnoview.

（B）Manypeoplewhoareexperiencedairplanepassengersoccasionallygetmotionsickness.

（C）Someautomobilepassengerswhoseinnerearsindicatethattheyaremovingandwhohaveaclearviewoftheobjectstheyarepassinggetmotionsickness.

（D）Peoplewhohaveaisleseatsintrainsorairplanesareaslikelytogetmotionsicknessasarepeoplewhohavewindowseats.

（E）Some